Transgenderism in studies on the health of older adults: a systematic review.

Objective: To describe how transgenderism is studied in research on the health of older adults.

Methods: This was a systematic literature review, with searches conducted in September 2022 across the LILACS, MEDLINE/ PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Scopus databases. The articles were selected independently by two reviewers.

Access to oral health services in the Xukuru do Ororubá Indigenous Territory (2017-2018): analysis of performance indicators.

This ecological study conducted with secondary data extracted from the Indigenous Health Care Information System (SIASI) analyzed the access to oral health services provided to Xukuru do Ororubá Indigenous peoples from 2017 to 2018. The units of analysis were the Indigenous villages. The services delivered by the oral health teams working in the context were analyzed, verifying access and performance indicators and their parameters.

Oral health inequality: characterization of the indigenous people Xukuru do Ororubá, Pernambuco, Brazil.

This article aims to characterize Indigenous people aged 18-23 of the Xukuru do Ororubá ethnic group, Pernambuco state, Brazil, regarding the use of dental services, self-perceived oral health, oral hygiene practices and caries experience, and socioeconomic and demographic aspects. This population-based cross-sectional study is nested in a cohort study that started in 2010 and was conducted in the Indigenous territory in 2018. Oral examinations and questionnaires were conducted with 131 Indigenous people.

Prevalence of participation of Brazilian aged people in Advanced Activities of Daily Living and associated factors.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of participation of aged Brazilians in Advanced Activities of Daily Living and associated factors.

Methods: Cross-sectional study developed with secondary data from the National Health Survey. Aged people (60 years old or older) were included.

Does Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation reduce central and peripheral muscle fatigue in recreational runners? A triple-blind, sham-controlled, randomized, crossover clinical study.

Background: Runners seek health benefits and performance improvement. However, fatigue might be considered a limiting factor. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) has been investigated to improve performance and reduce fatigue in athletes.

Lipase-mediated alcoholysis for in situ production of ester bioaromas in licuri oil for cosmetic applications.

Bioaromas can be produced by lipases either through their hydrolytic or (trans)esterifying activities. Therefore, this work reports the development of a lipase-catalyzed biotransformed licuri oil, forming volatile ethyl esters with odor notes resembling tropical fruits. Ethyl octanoate formation was promoted when 7.

[Overview of long COVID in Brazil: a preliminary analysis of a survey to think about health policies].

Characterized by symptoms that remain or appear for the first time within three months of SARS-CoV-2 infection, long COVID can manifest itself in different ways, including in non-hospitalized or asymptomatic cases. Thus, this study offers an overview of long COVID in Brazil, especially of its diagnosis, symptoms, and challenges for new health management. Data from a study that investigated long COVID in people affected by COVID-19 were used.

Manifestation and sociodemographic microdata of Brazil's Unified Health System Ombudsman.

Objectives: This article presents the process of extraction and treatment of two datasets from the General Ombudsman of the Brazilian Unified Health System (OUVSUS). The resulting datasets allow the analysis of manifestation characteristics and sociodemographic profile of the citizens that performed these manifestations.

Data Description: The first dataset depicts the characteristics of the manifestations registered by the General Ombudsman.

Glucose Transport and Utilization in the Hippocampus: From Neurophysiology to Diabetes-Related Development of Dementia.

The association of diabetes with cognitive dysfunction has at least 60 years of history, which started with the observation that children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D), who had recurrent episodes of hypoglycemia and consequently low glucose supply to the brain, showed a deficit of cognitive capacity. Later, the growing incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and dementia in aged populations revealed their high association, in which a reduced neuronal glucose supply has also been considered as a key mechanism, despite hyperglycemia. Here, we discuss the role of glucose in neuronal functioning/preservation, and how peripheral blood glucose accesses the neuronal intracellular compartment, including the exquisite glucose flux across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the complex network of glucose transporters, in dementia-related areas such as the hippocampus.

Are non-starters accumulating enough load compared with starters? Examining load, wellness, and training/match ratios of a European professional soccer team.

Background: The aims of the study were to: (i) compare accumulated load and wellness between starters and non-starters of a European professional soccer team; (ii) analyze the relationships between wellness and load measures and; (iii) compare training/match ratio (TMr) of external and internal load between starters and non-starters.

Methods: Ten players were considered starters while seven were classified as non-starters over a 16-week period in which six training sessions and match day (MD) were considered in each weekly micro-cycle. The following measures were used: wellness (fatigue, quality of sleep, muscle soreness, stress, and mood); load (rated of perceived exertion (RPE), session-RPE (s-RPE), high-speed running (HSR), sprinting, accelerations (ACC) and decelerations (DEC)).

Prevalence and associations of temporomandibular disorders in older Brazilian adults.

Objective: The objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and describe associations in a representative sample of community-dwelling older Brazilian adults.

Background: TMD cause recurrent or chronic pain and dysfunction with substantial impacts on quality of life, but little is known of their occurrence and associated factors among older adults.

Materials And Methods: This was a cross-sectional study using data from the second wave of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging, a nationally representative sample of older Brazilian adults aged 50 or older.

Supercritical CO as a Valuable Tool for Aroma Technology.

This review addresses the possibilities of using supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO) in the flavor industry in extraction and fractionation processes and its use as a reaction medium to generate aroma esters. The advantages and disadvantages are presented, comparing SC-CO processing with traditional methods. The most distinguishable features of SC-CO include mild reaction conditions, time savings, fewer toxicity concerns, higher sustainability, and the possibility of modulating solvent selectivity according to the process conditions (such as pressure and temperature).

Benzonidazole treatment has a beneficial effect on cells infected with the Colombian strain of Trypanosoma cruzi.

Benznidazole (Bz) is the recommended drug for the treatment of Chagas disease; however, its efficacy may vary according to the sensitivity of Trypanosoma cruzi strains to the drug and host immune background. The study evaluated the immune response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) that were infected in vitro with the Colombian strain (Col) and treated with Bz. The co-cultures were incubated for 24 h, 5 and 10 days, where cytokine dosage was performed in the supernatant and evaluation of the cells for CD28 and CTLA-4 molecules in CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes, and CD80 , CD86 and HLA-DR in CD14 cells.

Burden of disease due to amphetamines, cannabis, cocaine, and opioid use disorders in South America, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Background: South America's substance use profile, poverty, income inequality, and cocaine-supplier role make it a unique place for substance use research. This study investigated the burden of disease attributable to amphetamine use disorder, cannabis use disorder (CAD), cocaine use disorder, and opioid use disorder (OUD) in South America from 1990 to 2019, on the basis of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019.

Methods: GBD 2019 estimated the incidence, prevalence, mortality, years of life lost (YLL), years of life lived with disability (YLD), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) due to substance use disorders in each of the 12 South American countries (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, and Venezuela).

Measles vaccination in Brazil: where have we been and where are we headed?

The re-emergence of vaccine-preventable diseases due to the decline in vaccine coverage (VC) has been documented in several countries. The objective was to analyze the VC, the homogeneity of VC, and measles cases in Brazil from 2011 to 2021, focusing on the period of the COVID-19 pandemic, its temporal trend, space-time distribution, and factors associated with clusters of lower VC. This is an ecological study on measles VC (dose 1), with methods of interrupted time series and evaluation of spatio-temporal disposition, through the sweep test to identify clusters of VC.

Vaccination against poliomyelitis in Brazil from 2011 to 2021: successes, setbacks, and challenges ahead.

The drop in childhood vaccination coverage (VC), including poliomyelitis, has become a health concern. The objective was to analyze the temporal trend of coverage of the three doses of the polio vaccine in the first 12 months of life between 2011 and 2021, in addition to mapping vaccination coverage in Brazil, including the COVID-19 pandemic period. An ecological study was carried out using interrupted time series (STI) techniques and spatial analysis, with data from the National Immunization Program Information System.

Futile cycle of β-oxidation and de novo lipogenesis are associated with essential fatty acids depletion in lipoatrophy.

Total absence of adipose tissue (lipoatrophy) is associated with the development of severe metabolic disorders including hepatomegaly and fatty liver. Here, we sought to investigate the impact of severe lipoatrophy induced by deletion of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) exclusively in adipocytes on lipid metabolism in mice. Untargeted lipidomics of plasma, gastrocnemius and liver uncovered a systemic depletion of the essential linoleic (LA) and α-linolenic (ALA) fatty acids from several lipid classes (storage lipids, glycerophospholipids, free fatty acids) in lipoatrophic mice.

Multigenic regulation in the ethylene biosynthesis pathway during coffee flowering.

Unlabelled: Ethylene regulates different aspects of the plant's life cycle, such as flowering, and acts as a defense signal in response to environmental stresses. Changes induced by water deficit (WD) in gene expression of the main enzymes involved in ethylene biosynthesis, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase (ACS) and oxidase (ACO), are frequently reported in plants. In this study, coffee () and family genes were characterized and their expression profiles were analyzed in leaves, roots, flower buds, and open flowers from plants under well-watered (WW) and water deficit (WD) conditions.

Routine laboratory biomarkers used to predict Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria involved in bloodstream infections.

This study evaluated routine laboratory biomarkers (RLB) to predict the infectious bacterial group, Gram-positive (GP) or Gram-negative (GN) associated with bloodstream infection (BSI) before the result of blood culture (BC). A total of 13,574 BC of 6787 patients (217 BSI-GP and 238 BSI-GN) and 68 different RLB from these were analyzed. The logistic regression model was built considering BSI-GP or BSI-GN as response variable and RLB as covariates.

The assistance gaps in combating COVID-19 in Brazil: for whom, where and when vaccination occurs.

Background: Following the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of infected Brazilian people has increased dramatically since February 2020, with Brazil being amongst the countries with the highest number of cases and deaths. Brazilian vaccination began in January 2021, aimed at priority groups. This study analysed the spatial and temporal evolution of vaccination in Brazil between the 3rd and 21st epidemiological weeks (EW) of 2021.

Satisfaction of caregivers and older adults who use the Better at Home Program.

Objective: Evaluate the satisfaction of caregivers and older adults who use the home care service provided by the Better at Home Program (Programa Melhor em Casa) and its associated factors.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with data from the national survey on the Better at Home Program, conducted by the SUS General Ombudsman. We interviewed 5,595 caregivers and 950 older adults.

Adipocyte-specific mTORC2 deficiency impairs BAT and iWAT thermogenic capacity without affecting glucose uptake and energy expenditure in cold-acclimated mice.

Deletion of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2) essential component rapamycin insensitive companion of mTOR (Rictor) by a Cre recombinase under control of the broad, nonadipocyte-specific aP2/FABP4 promoter impairs thermoregulation and brown adipose tissue (BAT) glucose uptake on acute cold exposure. We investigated herein whether adipocyte-specific mTORC2 deficiency affects BAT and inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) signaling, metabolism, and thermogenesis in cold-acclimated mice. For this, 8-wk-old male mice bearing Rictor deletion and therefore mTORC2 deficiency in adipocytes (adiponectin-Cre) and littermates controls were either kept at thermoneutrality (30 ± 1°C) or cold-acclimated (10 ± 1°C) for 14 days and evaluated for BAT and iWAT signaling, metabolism, and thermogenesis.