Long-Term Clinical and Ecological Impact of an Antimicrobial Stewardship Program on the Incidence of Carbapenem-Resistant Infections in a High-Endemic Hospital.

Carbapenem-resistant (CR-Kp) is currently a serious global concern. Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) are one of the key strategies to overcome this resistance. However, evidence about the long-term clinical and ecological impacts of ASPs is scarce.

Recovering Ancient Grapevine Cultivars in the Balearic Islands: Sanitary Status Evaluation and Virus Elimination.

Recuperation and genetic diversity preservation of local cultivars have acquired a huge interest in viticulture areas worldwide. In the Balearic Islands, most of the old cultivars are only preserved in grapevine germplasm banks, and so far, the sanitary status of these local cultivars has remained unexplored. The aim of this study was to survey and detect the virus incidence of all conserved cultivars in the government Grapevine Germplasm Bank of the Balearic Islands and to promote the sanitary recovery of two important minor cultivars, Argamussa and Gorgollassa.

Combined drought and virus infection trigger aspects of respiratory metabolism related to grapevine physiological responses.

In the Mediterranean region, grapevines usually deal with drought during their summer growth season. Concurrently, grapevines are hosts to a large number of viruses from which grapevine leafroll associated virus-3 is one of the most widespread and provokes considerable economic losses in many vineyards. However, information concerning grapevine metabolic responses to the combination of drought and viral infection is scarce.

Combined effect of virus infection and water stress on water flow and water economy in grapevines.

Water limitation is one of the major threats affecting grapevine production. Thus, improving water-use efficiency (WUE) is crucial for a sustainable viticulture industry in Mediterranean regions. Under field conditions, water stress (WS) is often combined with viral infections as those are present in major grape-growing areas worldwide.

Differentiation of benign and malignant lung lesions: Dual-Energy Computed Tomography findings.

Purpose: To determine whether parameters generated by Dual-Energy Computed Tomography (DECT) can distinguish malignant from benign lung lesions.

Methods: A prospective review of 125 patients with 126 lung lesions (23 benign and 103 malignant) who underwent lung DECT during arterial phase. All lesions were confirmed by tissue sampling.

Interactive effects of grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 (GLRaV-3) and water stress on the physiology of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Malvasia de Banyalbufar and Giro-Ros.

Among several biotic and abiotic stress combinations, interaction between drought and pathogen is one of the most studied combinations in some crops but still not in grapevine. In the present work, we focused on the interaction effects of biotic (GLRaV-3) and abiotic (drought) stresses on grapevine photosynthetic metabolism on two cultivars (cvs. 'Malvasia de Banyalbufar and Giro-Ros').

Alterations in primary and secondary metabolism in Vitis vinifera 'Malvasía de Banyalbufar' upon infection with Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3.

Plant defense mechanisms against pathogens result in differential regulation of various processes of primary and secondary metabolism. Imaging techniques, such as fluorescence imaging and thermography, are very valuable tools providing spatial and temporal information about these processes. In this study, effects of Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 (GLRaV-3) on grapevine physiology were analyzed in pot-grown asymptomatic plants of the white cultivar Malvasía de Banyalbufar.

Differences of Three Ampeloviruses' Multiplication in Plant May Explain Their Incidences in Vineyards.

Grapevine leafroll ampeloviruses have been recently grouped into two major clades, one for Grapevine leafroll associated virus (GLRaV) 1 and 3 and another one grouping GLRaV-4 and its variants. In order to understand biological factors mediating differential ampelovirus incidences in vineyards, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reactions were performed to assess virus populations in three grapevine varieties in which different infection status were detected: GLRaV-3 + GLRaV-4, GLRaV-3 + GLRaV-4 strain 5, and GLRaV-4 alone. Specific primers based on the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) domains of GLRaV-3, GLRaV-4, and GLRaV-4 strain 5 were used.