Aridity Gradients Shape Intraspecific Variability of Morphological Traits in Native L. of Morocco.

The carob tree ( L.) is a significant fruit tree in the Mediterranean region with cultural, biological, and ecological importance. Despite its importance, intraspecific trait variability (ITV) in carob trees has been largely overlooked in previous studies.

Vulnerability of cocoa-based agroforestry systems to climate change in West Africa.

Previous research indicates that some important cocoa cultivated areas in West Africa will become unsuitable for growing cocoa in the next decades. However, it is not clear if this change will be mirrored by the shade tree species that could be used in cocoa-based agroforestry systems (C-AFS). We characterized current and future patterns of habitat suitability for 38 tree species (including cocoa), using a consensus method for species distribution modelling considering for the first time climatic and soil variables.

Multiomics Molecular Research into the Recalcitrant and Orphan Tree Species: Why, What for, and How.

The holm oak ( L.) is the dominant tree species of the Mediterranean forest and the Spanish agrosilvopastoral ecosystem, "dehesa." It has been, since the prehistoric period, an important part of the Iberian population from a social, cultural, and religious point of view, providing an ample variety of goods and services, and forming the basis of the economy in rural areas.

Changes in the constituents of the "Bosque de Agua" of the Sierra Cruces-Ajusco-Chichinautzín, Mexico, an area with payment for environmental services.

Unlabelled: The "Bosque de Agua", to the west and south of Mexico City, which is the fifth largest city in the world, has historically suffered disturbances in forest cover, with a consequent reduction in the environmental services provided. Changes in the state of the forests between 1994 and 2017 are here analyzed in terms of the annual net change in area of the different cover densities and the different change processes. In general, the net change was favorable in all cases: forest improvement vs.

Effect and Response of subsp. [Desf.] Samp. Seedlings From Three Contrasting Andalusian Populations to Individual and Combined and Drought Stresses.

L. is the dominant species in the Mediterranean forest and agrosilvopastoral ecosystem "." Currently, this forest species is threatened by natural and anthropogenic agents, especially by the decline syndrome, which is caused by and drought periods.

Forest and woodland replacement patterns following drought-related mortality.

Forest vulnerability to drought is expected to increase under anthropogenic climate change, and drought-induced mortality and community dynamics following drought have major ecological and societal impacts. Here, we show that tree mortality concomitant with drought has led to short-term (mean 5 y, range 1 to 23 y after mortality) vegetation-type conversion in multiple biomes across the world (131 sites). Self-replacement of the dominant tree species was only prevalent in 21% of the examined cases and forests and woodlands shifted to nonwoody vegetation in 10% of them.

Assessment of functional and structural changes of soil fungal and oomycete communities in holm oak declined dehesas through metabarcoding analysis.

Forest decline is nowadays a major challenge for ecosystem sustainability. Dehesas, which consists of savannah-like mediterranean ecosystems, are threatened by the holm oak decline in the south-west of Iberian Peninsula. Phytophthora cinnamomi is considered the main agent of holm oak root rot, but little is known about the relationship between diversity of soilborne microbial community and the decline syndrome of holm oak.

Characterization of the orthodox Pinus occidentalis seed and pollen proteomes by using complementary gel-based and gel-free approaches.

Unlabelled: This work presents an analysis of Pinus occidentalis pollen and seed proteomes, in which both gel-based and gel-free approaches have been used. Proteins were extracted from P. occidentalis seeds and pollen by using the TCA/acetone/phenol precipitation protocol, and protein extracts were subjected to 1- and 2-DE coupled to MALDI-TOF-TOF as well as to shotgun (nLC-LTQ-Orbitrap) analysis.

Limited Growth Recovery after Drought-Induced Forest Dieback in Very Defoliated Trees of Two Pine Species.

Mediterranean pine forests display high resilience after extreme climatic events such as severe droughts. However, recent dry spells causing growth decline and triggering forest dieback challenge the capacity of some forests to recover following major disturbances. To describe how resilient the responses of forests to drought can be, we quantified growth dynamics in plantations of two pine species (Scots pine, black pine) located in south-eastern Spain and showing drought-triggered dieback.

2-DE proteomics analysis of drought treated seedlings of Quercus ilex supports a root active strategy for metabolic adaptation in response to water shortage.

Holm oak is a dominant tree in the western Mediterranean region. Despite being well adapted to dry hot climate, drought is the main cause of mortality post-transplanting in reforestation programs. An active response to drought is critical for tree establishment and survival.

Physiological and proteomics analyses of Holm oak (Quercus ilex subsp. ballota [Desf.] Samp.) responses to Phytophthora cinnamomi.

Phytophthora cinnamomi is one of the agents that trigger the decline syndrome in Quercus spp., this being a serious threat to Mediterranean Holm oak forest sustainability and reforestation programs. Quercus ilex responses to Phytophthora cinnamomi have been studied in one-year olds seedlings from two Andalucía provenances, assessing the physiological water status and photosynthesis-related parameters.

A method to quantify infection and colonization of holm oak (Quercus ilex) roots by Phytophthora cinnamomi.

Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands. is an important root rot pathogen widely distributed in the north hemisphere, with a large host range. Among others diseases, it is known to be a principal factor in the decline of holm oak and cork oak, the most important tree species in the "dehesa" ecosystem of south-western Spain.

Proteomic analysis of Holm oak (Quercus ilex subsp. ballota [Desf.] Samp.) pollen.

This paper presents an analysis of Holm oak pollen proteome, together with an evaluation of the potentiality that a proteomic approach may have in the provenance variability assessment. Proteins were extracted from pollen of four Holm oak provenances, and they were analyzed by gel-based (1- and 2-DE in combination with MALDI-TOF/TOF) and gel-free (nLC-LTQ Orbitrap MS) approaches. A comparison of 1- and 2-DE protein profiles of the four provenances revealed significant differences, both qualitative and quantitative, in abundance (18 bands and 16 spots, respectively).

Studies of variability in Holm oak (Quercus ilex subsp. ballota [Desf.] Samp.) through acorn protein profile analysis.

Studies of variability in Holm oak (Quercus ilex subsp. ballota [Desf.] Samp.

Proteomics research on forest trees, the most recalcitrant and orphan plant species.

The contribution of proteomics to the knowledge of forest tree (the most recalcitrant and almost forgotten plant species) biology is being reviewed and discussed, based on the author's own research work and papers published up to November 2010. This review is organized in four introductory sections starting with the definition of forest trees (1), the description of the environmental and economic importance (2) and its derived current priorities and research lines for breeding and conservation (3) including forest tree genomics (4). These precede the main body of this review: a general overview to proteomics (5) for introducing the forest tree proteomics section (6).

Clones identification of Sequoia sempervirens (D. Don) Endl. in Chile by using PCR-RAPDs technique.

A protocol of polymerase chain reaction-random amplified polymorphic DNAs (PCR-RAPDs) was established to analyse the gene diversity and genotype identification for clones of Sequoia sempervirens (D. Don) Endl. in Chile.

Postfire regeneration in Pinus pinea L. and Pinus pinaster aiton in Andalucia (Spain).

The objective of this study was to examine postfire regeneration of tree, shrub, and dwarf shrub species, in relation to levels of damage in four planted pine forests (Pinus pinea, Pinus pinaster) in Andalusia. A prefire vegetation map was used for detailing species composition, vertical structure, and density and another for detailing the extent and intensity of fire damage. Between 3 and 7 years after the fires, an inventory was made of the vegetation in each area, using the step-point method.