Enrichment of H3S28p and H3K9me2 Epigenetic Marks on Inflammatory-Associated Gene Promoters in Response to Severe Burn Injury.

Background: Severe burns activate systemic inflammation and lead to an increase in cytokine levels. Epigenetic elements are key regulators of inflammation; however, their involvement in severe burns has not been studied. In this work, we aimed to unveil the histone H3 posttranslational modifications (PTM) profile and their enrichment in promoters of inflammatory genes in response to severe burns.

-Defensin conventional markers of inflammation in periprosthetic joint infection: a retrospective study.

Background: Diagnosing periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) remains a significant challenge for healthcare professionals. Commonly utilized inflammatory markers include erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), and white blood cells (WBC). Human -defensin 1 (-defensin) is an antimicrobial peptide elevated in infection, yet its diagnostic value for PJI has not been explored.

Myroides species, pathogenic spectrum and clinical microbiology sight in Mexican isolates.

Introduction: Myroides is a bacterial genus of opportunistic bacteria responsible for diverse infections including in the skin and soft tissues, urinary tract, cardiovascular system, and bacteremia, although the incidence of its reported infections is low, it is increasing, likely due the use of better bacterial identification methods, but also perhaps due an increase in its prevalence. In addition, their pathogenic role is limited in terms of reporting their microbial physiology, so the present work provides information in this regard in addition to the information that is available in the international literature.

Objective: To describe the microbiological and genetic characteristics of seven different Myroides spp.

Gram-Negative Bacilli Blood Stream Infection in Patients with Severe Burns: Microbiological and Clinical Evidence from a 9-Year Cohort.

Bloodstream infection is one of the most important and increasing complications in patients with severe burns. Most of the species affecting this population are Gram-negative bacilli that exhibit antimicrobial resistance. We conducted this study to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility profile and resistance mechanisms of these bacterial infections and their clinical associations on morbidity and mortality.

Inside-out, antimicrobial resistance mediated by efflux pumps in clinical strains of Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from burn wound infections.

Acinetobacter baumannii belongs to the ESKAPE group. It is classified as a critical priority group by the World Health Organization and a global concern on account of its capacity to acquire and develop resistance mechanisms to multiple antibiotics. Data from the United States indicates 500 deaths annually.

Isolates from Water Samples of the Gulf of Mexico Show Similar Virulence Properties but Different Antibiotic Susceptibility Profiles than Clinical Isolates.

is an opportunistic pathogen found in a wide variety of environments, including soil, water, and habitats associated with animals, humans, and plants. From a One Health perspective, which recognizes the interconnectedness of human, animal, and environmental health, it is important to study the virulence characteristics and antibiotic susceptibility of environmental bacteria. In this study, we compared the virulence properties and the antibiotic resistance profiles of seven isolates collected from the Gulf of Mexico with those of seven clinical strains of .

In vitro activity of ceftazidime/avibactam, cefiderocol, meropenem/vaborbactam and imipenem/relebactam against clinical strains of the Stenotrophomonas maltophilia complex.

Background: Infections caused by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and related species are increasing worldwide. Unfortunately, treatment options are limited, whereas the antimicrobial resistance is increasing.

Methods: We included clinical isolates identified as S.

Resistance against two lytic phage variants attenuates virulence and antibiotic resistance in .

Background: Bacteriophage therapy is becoming part of mainstream Western medicine since antibiotics of clinical use tend to fail. It involves applying lytic bacteriophages that self-replicate and induce cell lysis, thus killing their hosts. Nevertheless, bacterial killing promotes the selection of resistant clones which sometimes may exhibit a decrease in bacterial virulence or antibiotic resistance.

Relationship between biofilm-forming microorganisms (BFM: Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and DEFB1 gene variants on β-defensin levels in periprosthetic joint infection (PJI).

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between biofilm-forming microorganisms (BFM) and DEFB1 gene variants on β-defensin levels in patients with periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) of Mexican origin.

Methods And Results: One hundred and five clinical aspirates were obtained from patients with suspected PJI. After microbiologic culture, samples were classified as non-septic and septic; of the latter, only those positive for Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were selected.

Fusariosis in Mexico: A 10-year retrospective series.

Fusarium species represent an opportunistic fungal pathogen. The data in Mexico about Fusarium infections in humans are scarce. Here, we present a retrospective series of patients with a confirmed diagnosis of fusariosis in eight different hospitals in Mexico from January 2010 to December 2019.

Acquired and Carbapenemase-Encoding Genes in : A Seven-Year Survey Highlighting an Increasing Epidemiological Threat.

(1) Background: is a Gram-negative bacterium with several intrinsic and acquired antimicrobial resistance mechanisms. The spread of carbapenemase-encoding genes, an acquired mechanism, enables carbapenem resistance in clinical settings. Detection of the carbapenemase-producer strains is urgent.

Active Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance and Carbapenemase-Encoding Genes According to Sites of Care and Age Groups in Mexico: Results from the INVIFAR Network.

We analyzed the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) data of 6519 clinical isolates of ( = 3985), ( = 775), ( = 163), ( = 781), ( = 124), and ( = 691) from 43 centers in Mexico. AMR assays were performed using commercial microdilution systems (37/43) and the disk diffusion susceptibility method (6/43). The presence of carbapenemase-encoding genes was assessed using PCR.

Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli Characterization in a Tertiary Care Center from El Bajio, Mexico.

Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (CR-GNB) are a major public health concern. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of CR-GNB and the frequency of carbapenemase-encoding genes in a tertiary referral center from El Bajio, Mexico. A cross-sectional study was conducted between January and October 2022; Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) were screened for in vitro resistance to at least one carbapenem.

Comparison of Lateral Flow Immunochromatography and Phenotypic Assays to PCR for the Detection of Carbapenemase-Producing Gram-Negative Bacteria, a Multicenter Experience in Mexico.

The identification of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales and is important for treating and controlling hospital infections. The recommended methods for their identification require a long waiting time, technical training, and expertise. Lateral flow immunoassays such as NG-Test CARBA 5 overcome these needs.

Emergence of Fosfomycin Resistance by Plasmid-Mediated Genes in Uropathogenic ESBL-Producing Isolates in Mexico.

Fosfomycin is currently a viable option against urinary tract infections, particularly against extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL)-producing , due to its unique mechanism of action and its low resistance among bacteria. The objective of this study was to investigate two of the three most common mechanisms of resistance against this antibiotic among 350 ESBL-producing strains isolated from the urine of Mexican patients. The prevalence of fosfomycin resistance in our study was 10.

and Gene Variants Are Associated With Severe Outcomes of COVID-19 in Men.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, affecting more than 219 countries and causing the death of more than 5 million people worldwide. The genetic background represents a factor that predisposes the way the host responds to SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this sense, genetic variants of and could explain the observed interindividual variability to COVID-19 outcomes.

Increment Antimicrobial Resistance During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Results from the Invifar Network.

This study aims to assess the changes in antimicrobial resistance among some critical and high-priority microorganisms collected previously and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Mexico. We collected antimicrobial susceptibility data for critical and high-priority microorganisms from blood, urine, respiratory samples, and from all specimens, in which the pathogen may be considered a causative agent. Data were stratified and compared for two periods: 2019 versus 2020 and second semester 2019 (prepandemic) versus the second semester 2020 (pandemic).

Serological prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and associated factors in healthcare workers in a "non-COVID" hospital in Mexico City.

Background: Mexico is one of the countries with the highest number of deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic. In spite of this high mortality, in Mexico the number of confirmed cases and diagnostic tests per million population are lower than for other comparable countries, which leads to uncertainty about the actual extent of the pandemic. In Mexico City, healthcare workers represent an important fraction of individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

New prophylaxis regimen for SARS-CoV-2 infection in health professionals with low doses of hydroxychloroquine and bromhexine: a randomised, double-blind placebo clinical trial (ELEVATE Trial).

Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 infection in Mexico has caused ~2.7 million confirmed cases; around 20%-25% of health workers will be infected by the virus at their workplace, with approximately 4.4% of mortality.

Staphylococcus epidermidis small colony variants, clinically significant quiescent threats for patients with prosthetic joint infection.

Objectives: Staphylococcus epidermidis is a leading cause of prosthetic joint infection. Its relevance is based on its high ability to develop biofilm and small colony variants. However, the clinical associations between this bacterial subpopulation and prosthetic joint infections remain highly uncertain.

Probable Case of Vertical Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in a Newborn in Mexico.

Background: Much remains unknown about the transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Pregnant women are considered part of the risk population, and vertical transmission of other coronaviruses has been suggested; however, this type of transmission in SARS-CoV-2 is believed to be unlikely.

Case Report: A newborn delivered in term via cesarean section to an asymptomatic but COVID-19-positive 35-year-old woman started with respiratory distress in the first 30 min of life.