Comprehensive analysis of Amazonian oil and fats with different fatty composition: Murumuru fat (Astrocaryum murumuru), cupuassu fat (Theobroma grandiflorum), and pracaxi oil (Pentaclethera macroloba).

Amazon is the largest Brazilian biome and has a vast diversity of oilseed species. This work highlighted three of its natural riches, the murumuru (Astrocaryum murumuru) fat, cupuassu (Theobroma grandiflorum) fat, and pracaxi (Pentaclethera macroloba) oil obtained from the seeds of the fruits of these species. It was aimed at a comprehensive evaluation of the chemical and physicochemical properties of these Amazonian products, deepening the knowledge on their quality parameters for products and processes design.

Molecular Phylogenetics and Historical Biogeography of Subtribe Ecliptinae (Asteraceae, Heliantheae).

We present a molecular phylogeny for the subtribe Ecliptinae (Asteraceae, Heliantheae) based on three plastid (, , and ) and two nuclear (nrITS and nrETS) markers. The results of the phylogenetic reconstruction were utilised as a topological constraint for a subsequent divergence dating analysis and ancestral range reconstructions. We sampled 41 species and 40 genera (72%) of Ecliptinae and two species of (as outgroups) to elucidate the generic relationships between the genera of this subtribe.

Empirical Modeling of the Drying Kinetics of Red Beetroot ( L.; Chenopodiaceae) with Peel, and Flour Stability in Laminated and Plastic Flexible Packaging.

Despite the high global production of beetroot ( L.), its peel is often discarded. Transforming beetroot into flour can reduce waste, improve food security, and decrease environmental pollution.

Comparative Metabolite Profiling of Three Savannic Species of Banisteriopsis (Malpighiaceae) via UPLC-MS/MS and Chemometric Tools.

Banisteriopsis (Malpighiaceae) is an important genus of neotropical savannas with related biological and medicinal activities but under-explored metabolomic profiles. We present a chemometric analysis for discriminating secondary metabolites of three species of Banisteriopsis (B. laevifolia, B.

A new classification system and taxonomic synopsis for Malpighiaceae (Malpighiales, Rosids) based on molecular phylogenetics, morphology, palynology, and chemistry.

Malpighiaceae has undergone unprecedented changes in its traditional classification in the past two decades due to several phylogenetic studies shedding light on the non-monophyly of all subfamilies and most tribes and genera. Even though morphological characters were used to reconstruct the last molecular generic phylogeny of Malpighiaceae, a new classification system has never been proposed for this family. Based on a comprehensive review of the last twenty years of published studies for this family, we propose a new classification system and provide a taxonomic synopsis for Malpighiaceae based on molecular phylogenetics, morphology, palynology, and chemistry as a baseline for the systematics, conservation, and taxonomy of this family worldwide.

Oral infectivity through carnivorism in murine model of infection.

Introduction: Oral transmission of is probably the most frequent transmission mechanism in wild animals. This observation led to the hypothesis that consuming raw or undercooked meat from animals infected with may be responsible for transmitting the infection. Therefore, the general objective of this study was to investigate host-pathogen interactions between the parasite and gastric mucosa and the role of meat consumption from infected animals in the oral transmission of

Methods: Cell infectivity assays were performed on AGS cells in the presence or absence of mucin, and the roles of pepsin and acidic pH were determined.

Trypanosoma cruzi interaction with host tissues modulate the composition of large extracellular vesicles.

Trypanosoma cruzi is the protozoan that causes Chagas disease (CD), an endemic parasitosis in Latin America distributed around the globe. If CD is not treated in acute phase, the parasite remains silent for years in the host's tissues in a chronic form, which may progress to cardiac, digestive or neurological manifestations. Recently, studies indicated that the gastrointestinal tract represents an important reservoir for T.

Evolution of connective glands reveals a new synapomorphy for Malpighiaceae and the hidden potential of staminal glands for Malpighiales systematics.

Connective glands are important morphological characters for the taxonomy of some genera of Malpighiaceae, with few recent studies having just elucidated these glands' anatomical and ecological functions. In order to test the systematic relevance of connective glands to the currently accepted phylogenetic informal clades of Malpighiaceae, we characterised the anatomy and/or histochemistry of two-thirds of Malpighiaceae genera and ten species from nine families of Malpighiales to test: 1. Do connective glands occur in the flowers of all informal clades of Malpighiaceae?; and 2.

Rice bran protein increases the retention of anthocyanins by acting as an encapsulating agent in the spray drying of grape juice.

Rice bran protein concentrate (RPC), an industrial by-product, may emerge as a green alternative for substituting animal proteins in microencapsulating compounds of interest. This study applied RPC, combined with maltodextrin (MD) as carrier agents, in the spray drying of grape juice, a product rich in these bioactive compounds, seeking to protect anthocyanins from degradation. The effects of carrier agent concentration [C: 0.

Non-histone protein methylation in Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes.

Post-translational methylation of proteins, which occurs in arginines and lysines, modulates several biological processes at different levels of cell signaling. Recently, methylation has been demonstrated in the regulation beyond histones, for example, in the dynamics of protein-protein and protein-nucleic acid interactions. However, the presence and role of non-histone methylation in Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiologic agent of Chagas disease, has not yet been elucidated.

Old Meets New: Mass Spectrometry-Based Untargeted Metabolomics Reveals Unusual Larvicidal Nitropropanoyl Glycosides from the Leaves of .

The (Diptera: Culicidae) mosquito is the vector of several arboviruses in tropical and subtropical areas of the globe, and synthetic pesticides remain the most widely used combat strategy. This study describes the investigation of secondary metabolites with larvicidal activity from the Malpighiaceae taxon using a metabolomic and bioactivity-based approach. The workflow initially consisted of a larvicidal screening of 394 extracts from the leaves of 197 Malpighiaceae samples, which were extracted using solvents of different polarity, leading to the selection of for the identification of active compounds.

Untargeted Metabolomics Sheds Light on the Diversity of Major Classes of Secondary Metabolites in the Malpighiaceae Botanical Family.

Natural products produced by plants are one of the most investigated natural sources, which substantially contributed to the development of the natural products field. Even though these compounds are widely explored, the literature still lacks comprehensive investigations aiming to explore the evolution of secondary metabolites produced by plants, especially if classical methodologies are employed. The development of sensitive hyphenated techniques and computational tools for data processing has enabled the study of large datasets, being valuable assets for chemosystematic studies.

, a new species of Malpighiaceae with verticillate leaves from savannas grasslands of central Brazil.

A new species of belonging to the Parabanisteria informal group is described for the savannas grasslands of the Serra do Tombador Natural Reserve, municipality of Cavalcante, State of Goiás, Brazil. is easily distinguished from the remaining Brazilian species of the Parabanisteria informal group due to its stems unbranched, leaves associated with the inflorescence verticillate, blades linear to very narrowly oblong, strongly conduplicate, ascending to upright, and sparsely sericeous to glabrous at age. We present a complete morphological description for the new species, photographic plates, comments on its distribution, ecology, and taxonomy, besides an identification key to the species of from the Parabanisteria group from the State of Goiás, Brazil.

An updated map of Trypanosoma cruzi histone post-translational modifications.

In humans and other eukaryotes, histone post-translational modifications (hPTMs) play an essential role in the epigenetic control of gene expression. In trypanosomatid parasites, conversely, gene regulation occurs mainly at the post-transcriptional level. However, our group has recently shown that hPTMs are abundant and varied in Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiological agent of Chagas Disease, signaling for possible conserved epigenetic functions.

Biogeography of (Malpighiaceae) and a Meta-Analysis of Vascular Plant Lineages Diversified in the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforests Point to the Late Eocene Origins of This Megadiverse Biome.

We investigated the biogeography of , the second-largest lianescent genus of Malpighiaceae, as a model genus to reconstruct the age and biogeographic history of the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest (BAF). Few studies to date have focused on the tertiary diversification of plant lineages in the BAFs, especially on . Phylogenetic relationships for 24 species of (18 ssp.

Can Statistical Evaluation Tools for Chromatographic Method Development Assist in the Natural Products Workflow? A Case Study on Selected Species of the Plant Family Malpighiaceae.

Proper chromatographic methods may reduce the challenges inherent in analyzing natural product extracts, especially when utilizing hyphenated detection techniques involving mass spectrometry. As there are many variations one can introduce during chromatographic method development, this can become a daunting and time-consuming task. To reduce the number of runs and time needed, the use of instrumental automatization and commercial software to apply Quality by Design and statistical analysis automatically can be a valuable approach to investigate complex matrices.

First report of laticifers in lianas of Malpighiaceae and their phylogenetic implications.

Premise: Laticifers have evolved multiple times in angiosperms and have been interpreted as a key innovation involved in plant defense mechanisms. In Malpighiaceae, laticifers were previously known from a single lineage of trees and shrubs, the Galphimia clade, but with detailed anatomical analyses here, we show that their distribution is broader in the family, also encompassing large clades of lianas.

Methods: From 15 genera, 70 species of Malpighiaceae were surveyed through careful anatomical ontogenetic analysis of roots, stems, and leaves and detailed histochemical tests to elucidate the nature of laticifers and latex in the family.

Taxonomic revision of W.R.Anderson (Malpighiaceae): notes on vegetative and reproductive anatomy and the description of a new species.

A taxonomic revision of is presented, including the description of a new species from the state of Piauí, Brazil, and notes on wood, secondary phloem, leaf, and floral morpho-anatomy. We present a key to the species, full morphological descriptions, a distribution map, and notes on distribution, ecology, etymology, and conservation status for each species.

Total evidence phylogeny of Pontederiaceae (Commelinales) sheds light on the necessity of its recircumscription and synopsis of L.

A total evidence phylogeny for Pontederiaceae is herein presented based on new morphological and previously published molecular data. Our results led us to re-circumscribe to include , and the polyphyletic . We provide the needed ten new combinations and 16 typifications, arrange a total of 25 accepted species (six representing re-established names) in 5 new subgenera.

Taxonomic revision of Neotropical Royle (Commelinaceae).

This study provides a taxonomic revision for the Neotropical species of the genus . Six species are recognized as native, including a new species and a new combination, while two Asian species are recognized as invasive. We present an identification key, a table summarizing the morphologic differences among the species, a new synonym, six lectotypifications, a distribution map, and descriptions, comments and photographic plates for each species.

Transient medial prefrontal perturbation reduces false memory formation.

Knowledge extracted across previous experiences, or schemas, benefit encoding and retention of congruent information. However, they can also reduce specificity and augment memory for semantically related, but false information. A demonstration of the latter is given by the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm, where the studying of words that fit a common semantic schema are found to induce false memories for words that are congruent with the given schema, but were not studied.