NADPH oxidase 4-derived hydrogen peroxide counterbalances testosterone-induced endothelial dysfunction and migration.

High levels of testosterone (Testo) are associated with cardiovascular risk by increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation. NADPH oxidases (NOX) are the major source of ROS in the vasculature of cardiovascular diseases. NOX4 is a unique isotype, which produces hydrogen peroxide (HO), and its participation in cardiovascular biology is controversial.

Low vaccine coverage and varicella outbreaks in Brazil - 2019-2022.

The persistence of varicella outbreaks in Brazil has underscored the high concern with the low vaccine coverage in the last 4 years. Using publicly available data from the Brazilian Health System (SUS), this study analyzed varicella vaccine coverage and incidence trends from 2019 to 2022 in Brazilian States. Vaccine coverage decreased nationally in 2020, possibly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic's initial phase.

Granulosa cell tumor of the ovary: a series of 6 cases.

Granulosa cell tumor (GCT) is a rare ovarian malignancy that represents only 2-3% of all cases. There are two subtypes of GCT: juvenile/JGCT (5% of cases) and adult/AGCT (95% of cases). This study aimed to describe a series of 6 GCT cases.

Dereplication of calystegines in food plants and wild Solanum Brazilian fruits.

Calystegines are potent glycosidase inhibitors with therapeutic potential and are constituents of food and feed with potential toxic effects. This study aims to target calystegines and other nitrogenous substances in food plants. Hydroalcoholic extracts from Solanum tuberosum, Ipomoea batatas, S.

Alpha 1-acid glycoprotein is upregulated in severe COVID-19 patients and decreases neutrophil NETs in SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Orosomucoid, or alpha-1 acid glycoprotein (AGP), is a major acute-phase protein expressed in response to systemic injury and inflammation. AGP has been described as an inhibitor of neutrophil migration on sepsis, particularly its immunomodulation effects. AGP's biological functions in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are not understood.

Melatonin prevents overproduction of reactive oxygen species and vascular dysfunction induced by cyclophosphamide.

Aims: Overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a pathologic hallmark of cyclophosphamide toxicity. For this reason, antioxidant compounds emerge as promising tools for preventing tissue damage induced by cyclophosphamide. We hypothesized that melatonin would display cytoprotective action in the vasculature by preventing cyclophosphamide-induced oxidative stress.

Induction Therapy With Cisplatin, 5-Fluorouracil, Leucovorin, and Paclitaxel in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer.

Background/aim: This study aimed to evaluate the toxicities and response rate of a modified TPF (docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil) protocol in patients with locally advanced head and neck cancer (ECOG performance status ≤1).

Patients And Methods: Induction treatment consisted of cisplatin 25 mg/m/day as a 90 min infusion for three consecutive days, leucovorin 20 mg/m/day as a bolus for four consecutive days, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) 370 mg/m/day as a bolus for four consecutive days, and paclitaxel 60 mg/m as a 1-h infusion on Days 1, 8, and 15, repeated every 3-4 weeks (twelve cycles to 6 patients).

Results: The main toxicities were grade 1 neuropathy, mucositis, and fatigue.

Myoma expulsion after embolization: case report and literature review.

Uterine artery embolization (UAE) is a very efficient treatment modality for myoma. A rare complication of this procedure is vaginal expulsion of the uterine myoma (expelled myoma) which may occur in 3 to 5% of cases during a period of 3 to 48 months. We report a case of myoma expulsion after embolization, discussing diagnosis and treatment.

Independent and joint associations of cardiorespiratory fitness and weight status with health-related quality of life among Brazilian adolescents.

Purpose: To investigate the independent and joint associations of cardiorespiratory fitness and body mass index (BMI) with five dimensions of Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in a cross-sectional sample of Brazilian adolescents.

Methods: 619 Brazilian schoolchildren answered a survey, BMI categories (healthy weight and overweight/obesity) were assessed by their weight and height, and they participated in a 20-m shuttle run test. HRQoL was measured using the KIDSCREEN-27 across five dimensions: Physical Well-Being, Psychological Well-Being, Autonomy and Parent Relation, Peers and Social Support, and School Environment.

Chromatographic profile, in silico and in vivo study of the pharmacokinetic and toxicological properties of major constituent present in kefir, the kefiran.

Kefiran is a polysaccharide present in kefir grains that have been widely explored due to its potential health benefits. The objective of this work was to characterize and quantify the components present in the ethanolic extract of milk kefir grains; to study its pharmacokinetic and toxicological properties in silico and evaluate the acute toxicity of the kefiran in zebrafish. The prediction of pharmacokinetic properties was performed by QikProp software.

Non-invasive Brain Stimulation Can Reduce Unilateral Spatial Neglect after Stroke: ELETRON Trial.

Objective: Rehabilitation top-down techniques based on brain stimulation present variable outcomes in unilateral spatial neglect (USN) after stroke. This study aimed to examine the effects of physical therapy after anodal and cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation (A-tDCS and C-tDCS, respectively) to improve visuospatial and functional impairments in individuals with USN after stroke.

Methods: This double-blinded, pilot randomized clinical trial enrolled patients with USN after ischemic stroke.

Hepatic vein migration of a totally implantable venous access port-a-cath for chemotherapy in a breast carcinoma patient: case report.

A totally implantable venous access port (TIVAP) is used for chemotherapy administration. Venous port migration to the systemic circulation occurs in less than 1% of complications. The aim of this study is to describe a case of TIVAP migration to the hepatic vein.

Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activation contributes to high-fat diet-induced vascular dysfunction.

Background And Purpose: Metabolic and vascular dysfunction are common features of obesity. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) regulates lipid metabolism and vascular homeostasis, but whether vascular AhR are activated in obesity or have a protective and/or harmful effects on vascular function in obesity are unknown. Our study addresses whether AhR activation contributes to obesity-associated vascular dysfunction and the mechanisms involved in these AhR effects.

Cutaneous metastasis of occult breast cancer: a case report.

Occult breast cancer (OBC) is characterized by metastatic presentation of undetectable breast tumor on imaging exams. OBC is a rare disease (accounting for 0.3% to 1.

Locally advanced lymphoepithelial carcinoma of the larynx/hypopharynx: A case report.

Lymphoepithelial carcinoma (LEC) is an uncommon, aggressive cancer that affects mainly the nasopharynx (a form that is closely related to the Epstein-Barr virus). LEC of the larynx/hypopharynx is extremely rare, accounting for only 0.2% of malignant tumors of the larynx.

Pregnancy decreases O-GlcNAc-modified proteins in systemic arteries of normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Aim: We determined the role played by O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) of proteins in systemic arteries during late pregnancy in normotensive and hypertensive rats.

Main Methods: O-GlcNAc levels and O-GlcNAc modification of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) were determined in aorta (conductance vessel) and mesenteric arteries (resistance vessels) of non-pregnant (NP) and pregnant (P) Wistar rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Vascular O-GlcNAc-modified proteins, O-GlcNAcase (OGA) and O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) expression, and OGA activity were analyzed.

Association between Lifestyle Behaviors and Health-Related Quality of Life in a Sample of Brazilian Adolescents.

This study aimed to analyze the association between lifestyle behaviors and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among Brazilian adolescents. We evaluated 739 adolescents (51.0% girls; mean age, 16.

Supraphysiological Levels of Testosterone Induce Vascular Dysfunction via Activation of the NLRP3 Inflammasome.

Both supraphysiological and subphysiological testosterone levels are associated with increased cardiovascular risk. Testosterone consumption at supraphysiological doses has been linked to increased blood pressure, left ventricular hypertrophy, vascular dysfunction, and increased levels of inflammatory markers. Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome contributes to the production of proinflammatory cytokines, leading to cardiovascular dysfunction.

Asexual and sexual reproduction are two separate developmental pathways in a species.

Although mutualistic symbioses per definition are beneficial for interacting species, conflict may arise if partners reproduce independently. We address how this reproductive conflict is regulated in the obligate mutualistic symbiosis between fungus-growing termites and fungi. Even though the termites and their fungal symbiont disperse independently to establish new colonies, dispersal is correlated in time.

Modulation of Vascular Function by Perivascular Adipose Tissue: Sex Differences.

In addition to the endothelium, the perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) has been described to be involved in the local modulation of vascular function by synthetizing and releasing vasoactive factors. Under physiological conditions, PVAT has anticontractile and anti-inflammatory effects. However, in the context of hypertension, obesity and type 2 diabetes, the PVAT pattern of anticontractile adipokines is altered, favoring oxidative stress, inflammation and, consequently, vascular dysfunction.

Respiratory Function and Grip Strength in the Acute Phase of Stroke Are Associated with Stroke Severity and Disability at Hospital Discharge.

Unlabelled: . Stroke can lead to musculoskeletal and respiratory dysfunction, chronic deconditioning, and functional limitations, as well as long-term complications.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between respiratory function and grip strength in the acute phase of stroke and stroke severity, disability, and autonomy in the long term.

Tomographic and histomorphometric evaluation of socket healing after tooth extraction using leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin: A randomized, single-blind, controlled clinical trial.

The use of platelet concentrate in alveolar ridge preservation has been broadly studied. However, no randomized clinical trials with histomorphometric analysis and low risk of bias are available in the literature. We conducted a prospective, single-blind, parallel, randomized, controlled clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy of leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) in socket preservation after tooth extraction.