PD-L1 Blockade During Allergen Sensitization Inhibits the Synthesis of Specific Antibodies and Decreases Mast Cell Activation in a Murine Model of Active Cutaneous Anaphylaxis.

Programmed cell death ligand 1(PDL-1) is known for its inhibitory effect on the cellular immune response. Even though it is expressed on the surface of mast cells, its role in allergic diseases is unknown. We analyzed the effects of PD-L1 blockade in a murine model of active cutaneous anaphylaxis (ACA).

Association of Postural Tachycardia Syndrome and Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome with Mast Cell Activation Disorders.

Mast cell activation disorders (MCADs) consist of episodic systemic symptoms due to mast cell mediator release. Diagnosis is based on clinical presentation and determination of high levels of tryptase or histamine. Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) and postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS) frequently coexist.

Animal models of asthma: utility and limitations.

Clinical studies in asthma are not able to clear up all aspects of disease pathophysiology. Animal models have been developed to better understand these mechanisms and to evaluate both safety and efficacy of therapies before starting clinical trials. Several species of animals have been used in experimental models of asthma, such as , rats, guinea pigs, cats, dogs, pigs, primates and equines.

Monoclonal Antibodies Hypersensitivity: Prevalence and Management.

The use of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) has become broader because of their recognized effectiveness in the treatment of autoimmune, neoplastic, and inflammatory diseases. Consequently, hypersensitivity reactions (HSR) secondary to mAbs are being reported more often, and each mAb-related HSR presents specific features. This article discusses the main biological agents and associated HSR, the clinical presentation of such reactions, and the role of tryptase and skin testing in the diagnosis.

Desensitization for Drug Hypersensitivity to Chemotherapy and Monoclonal Antibodies.

Chemotherapies drugs and monoclonal antibodies are key components of the treatment of cancer patients and patients with chronic inflammatory conditions to provide increase in life expectancy and quality of life. Their increased use has lead to an increase in drugs hypersensitivity reactions (DHR) worldwide. DHR to those agents prevented their use and promoted the use of second line therapies to protect patients' hypersensitive reactions and anaphylaxis.

Diagnoses and Management of Drug Hypersensitivity and Anaphylaxis in Cancer and Chronic Inflammatory Diseases: Reactions to Taxanes and Monoclonal Antibodies.

Due to the increase in utilization of chemotherapies and antibodies, drug hypersensitivity reactions have increased dramatically worldwide, preventing the use of first-line therapies and impacting patients' survival and quality of life. Some of the more frequently used medications in cancer include taxanes for ovarian, lung, breast, and prostate cancers. Monoclonal antibodies are used in the treatment of neoplastic, autoimmune, and inflammatory diseases, and their clinical applications are becoming broader.