Potential therapeutic effect of a ketogenic diet for the treatment of lymphoedema: Results of an exploratory study.

Background: Lymphoedema is a chronic and progressive disease characterised by excessive accumulation of lymph in the interstitial compartment, leading to tissue swelling and fibroadipose deposition. Lymphangiogenesis is partly regulated by ketone body oxidation, and a ketogenic diet (KD) has shown therapeutic efficacy in a preclinical mouse tail lymphoedema model. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the potential therapeutic effect of a KD in patients with secondary lymphoedema.

Detection of Unexpected Brown Tumors Due to Hyperparathyroidism Diagnosed by 18F-FDG PET/CT.

A 27-year-old man was called to receive a kidney transplant. The preoperative CT of the chest showed multiple osteolytic lesions, as well as a hypodense structure posterior in the right thyroid lobe. Blood analysis showed elevated parathyroid hormone, phosphorus, and alkaline phosphatase levels, with normal calcium and 25-OH-vitamin D.

The accuracy of positron emission tomography in the detection of posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder.

We investigated sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography in 170 cases with suspected or biopsy-proven posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder. All solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients who underwent an 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography scan between 2003 and 2010 in our center for the indication posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder, were retrospectively reviewed and results were compared with tissue biopsy whenever possible. One hundred and seventy positron emission tomography scans in 150 patients were eligible for evaluation.

Performance of MAP reconstruction for hot lesion detection in whole-body PET/CT: an evaluation with human and numerical observers.

For positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, different reconstruction methods can be applied, including maximum likelihood (ML ) and maximum a posteriori (MAP) reconstruction. Postsmoothed ML images have approximately position and object independent spatial resolution, which is advantageous for (semi-) quantitative analysis. However, the complex object dependent smoothing obtained with MAP might yield improved noise characteristics, beneficial for lesion detection.