Background: Insulinomas are the most common tumour of the endocrine pancreas in dogs. These malignant tumours have a high metastatic rate and limited chemotherapeutic options. The multi-receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor sunitinib malate has benefit in the treatment of metastatic insulinoma in people.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity is a major dose-limiting factor in dogs undergoing chemotherapy. A proposed mechanism of GI toxicity includes chemotherapy-driven GI dysbiosis. This study was designed to determine the effects of probiotic administration on GI side-effects in dogs receiving multi-agent chemotherapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: The mTOR pathway has been identified as a key nutrient signaling hub that participates in metastatic progression of high-grade osteosarcoma. Inhibition of mTOR signaling is biologically achievable with sirolimus, and might slow the outgrowth of distant metastases. In this study, pet dogs with appendicular osteosarcoma were leveraged as high-value biologic models for pediatric osteosarcoma, to assess mTOR inhibition as a therapeutic strategy for attenuating metastatic disease progression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: The aims of this study were to evaluate the response, outcome and prognostic factors in cats with clinically presumed relapsed low-grade alimentary lymphoma (LGAL) receiving cyclophosphamide as a first-line rescue therapy after failing chlorambucil treatment.
Methods: The medical records of 20 cats (from three institutions, between 2002 and 2017) treated with cyclophosphamide for relapsed LGAL after initial treatment with chlorambucil were retrospectively reviewed. Progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival time (OST) and the association of select variables with measures of outcome were assessed.
Thyroid carcinoma is the most common endocrine malignancy in dogs. Thyroidectomy and radiation therapy control local disease, yet are not always feasible, and efficacious medical therapies need to be identified. Toceranib phosphate has been reported to provide clinical benefit (CB) in dogs with thyroid carcinoma, while its role in treatment-naïve thyroid tumours has not been well-described.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe unique anticancer, biochemical, and immunologic properties of nanomaterials are becoming a new tool in biomedical research. Their translation into the clinic promises a new wave of targeted therapies. One nanomaterial of particular interest are zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs), which has distinct mechanisms of anticancer activity including unique surface, induction of reactive oxygen species, lipid oxidation, pH, and also ionic gradients within cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVet Clin North Am Exot Anim Pract
January 2017
Cancer incidence in rodent species varies dramatically from a common occurrence in mice and rats to just a limited number of documented cases in chinchillas and degus. This article summarizes common tumors, both benign and malignant, that have been reported to occur in rodents. Outlined are clinical signs, diagnostics, and treatments that have been described for rodents presenting with specific neoplasms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To evaluate the effectiveness of vinorelbine in the management of various malignant tumor types in dogs.
Design: Retrospective case series.
Animals: 58 dogs with malignant tumors, including pulmonary carcinoma (n = 31), histiocytic sarcoma (9), mast cell tumor (5), lymphoma (4), melanoma (2), and 7 other tumor types (1 each).