RETRACTED: Skelton et al. Contribution of Host Immune Responses against Influenza D Virus Infection toward Secondary Bacterial Infection in a Mouse Model. 2019, , 994.

The Editorial Office retracts the article, "Contribution of Host Immune Responses Against Influenza D Virus Infection Toward Secondary Bacterial Infection in a Mouse Model" [...

Comparing Influenza Virus Biology for Understanding Influenza D Virus.

The newest type of influenza virus, influenza D virus (IDV), was isolated in 2011. IDV circulates in several animal species worldwide, causing mild respiratory illness in its natural hosts. Importantly, IDV does not cause clinical disease in humans and does not spread easily from person to person.

Contribution of Host Immune Responses Against Influenza D Virus Infection Toward Secondary Bacterial Infection in a Mouse Model.

Influenza D viruses (IDV) are known to co-circulate with viral and bacterial pathogens in cattle and other ruminants. Currently, there is limited knowledge regarding host responses to IDV infection and whether IDV infection affects host susceptibility to secondary bacterial infections. To begin to address this gap in knowledge, the current study utilized a combination of and approaches to evaluate host cellular responses against primary IDV infection and secondary bacterial infection with .