The beneficial effects of antioxidants combination on cardiac injury induced by tetrachloromethane.

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the efficacy of carsil (CAR) either alone or in combination with α-tocopherol (α-TOCO) and/or turmeric (TUMR) against tetrachloromethane (TCM)-induced cardiomyocyte injury in rats. Administration of CAR either alone or in combination with α-TOCO and/or TUMR post-TCM injection, significantly mitigated the increases in serum troponin T, creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) as well as interleukin-6 (IL-6), interferon γ (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), C-reactive protein (CRP). They also decline the elevation of caspase-3, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein expression as well as DNA damage in cardiac tissues induced by TCM.

Fenofibrate attenuates diabetic nephropathy in experimental diabetic rat's model via suppression of augmented TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway.

Context: Fibrates, the ligands of peroxisome profileferator-activated receptor-α have been shown to have a renal protective action in diabetic nephropathy (DN).

Objective: This study aimed to elucidate the effect of fenofibrate on renal transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and Smad3 in Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DN.

Methods: Diabetes was induced in rats by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (55 mg/kg).

Effect of aliskiren and carvedilol on expression of Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II δ-subunit isoforms in cardiac hypertrophy rat model.

Context: The critical role of CaMKIIδ isoforms in cardiac hypertrophy is well documented.

Objective: This study was aimed to investigate the possible inhibitory effects of aliskiren (ALS) and/or carvedilol (CAV) on CaMKIIδ isoforms expression in experimental cardiac hypertrophy.

Materials And Methods: Male Wistar albino rats were subcutaneously injected with isoproterenol (ISO) (5 mg/kg/day) for 4 weeks to induce cardiac hypertrophy.

Potential impact of silymarin in combination with chlorogenic acid and/or melatonin in combating cardiomyopathy induced by carbon tetrachloride.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effective role of silymarin either alone or in combination with chlorogenic acid and/or melatonin against the toxic impact of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced cardiac infarction. CCl4 (l.2 ml/kg body weight) was administered as a single dose intraperitoneally.

Potential impact of quercetin and idebenone against immuno- inflammatory and oxidative renal damage induced in rats by titanium dioxide nanoparticles toxicity.

The aim of this study was to investigate the toxic impacts of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO₂-NPs) on rat kidneys and the possible prophylactic role of either quercetin or idebenone. TiO₂-NPs were administered orally at either 600 mg or 1 g/kg body weight for 5 consecutive days to evaluate dose-dependent toxicity referred to the OECD guidelines for testing of chemicals. The results showed that administration of either low or high repeated doses of TiO₂-NPs to rats significantly increases serum kideney function biomarkers (urea, creatinine and uric acid) as well as increases in serum glucose and serum immuno- inflammatory biomarkers including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), immunoglobin g (IGg), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF, angiogenic factor) and nitric oxide (NO) with a concomitant decrease in renal GSH content versus normal control values.