Submucosal Injection of the RNA Oligonucleotide GUT-1 in Active Ulcerative Colitis Patients: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase 2a Induction Trial.

Background And Aims: Carbohydrate sulfotransferase 15 [CHST15] biosynthesizes sulphated matrix glycosaminoglycans and is implicated in intestinal inflammation and fibrosis. Here, we evaluate the efficacy and safety of the double-stranded RNA oligonucleotide GUT-1, a specific blocker of CHST15, as induction therapy in patients with ulcerative colitis [UC].

Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2a study, we enrolled endoscopically active UC patients, refractory to conventional therapy, in five hospital centres across Germany.

Prevalence of proliferating CD8 cells in normal lymphatic tissues, inflammation and cancer.

CD8 cytotoxic T-lymphocytes are essential components of the anti-tumor immunity. To better understand the expansion of CD8 T-cells we used multiplex fluorescence immunohistochemistry to study Ki67CD8 cells in normal lymphoid tissues, selected inflammatory diseases and cancers in 41 large sections/ microenvironment tissue microarrays (TMAs) as well as 765 samples in a conventional TMA format. The evaluation of more than 20 different compartments of normal lymphoid tissues revealed that the percentage of proliferating (ki67) CD8 cells did commonly not exceed 3%.