Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms in CFH, ARMS2 and HTRA1 genes with risk of age-related macular degeneration in Egyptian patients.

Background: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the leading causes of blindness in the elderly worldwide. Several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been linked to the risk of developing AMD. We aimed to examine the association between AMD and SNPs on CFH, ARMS2 and HTRA1 in Egyptians, a previously unstudied population.

Hepatitis B virus genotyping: current methods and clinical implications.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major cause of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Eight different HBV genotypes have been identified with distinct geographical distributions. Different genotyping methods exist including sequencing, INNO-LiPA, restriction fragment polymorphism (RFLP), multiplex PCR, serotyping, oligonucleotide microarray chips, reverse dot blot, restriction fragment mass polymorphism (RFMP), invader assay, and real-time PCR.