The Use of Artificial Intelligence in Predicting Chemotherapy-Induced Toxicities in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Data-Driven Approach for Personalized Oncology.

Background: Machine learning models learn about general behavior from data by finding the relationships between features. Our purpose was to develop a predictive model to identify and predict which subset of colorectal cancer patients are more likely to experience chemotherapy-induced toxicity and to determine the specific attributes that influence the presence of treatment-related side effects.

Methods: The predictor was general toxicity, and for the construction of our data training, we selected 95 characteristics that represent the health state of 74 patients prior to their first round of chemotherapy.

Influence of Oxygen Content in the Protective Gas on Pitting Corrosion Resistance of a 316L Stainless Steel Weld Joint.

Gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) is commonly used for joining pipelines; however, it often leads to discoloration in the heat-affected zone (HAZ). In this study, 316L pipes were welded with different concentrations of oxygen present in the argon purge gas during welding. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of oxygen concentration in the protective gas on the pitting corrosion resistance of welded pipes.

Breast Sarcomas-How Different Are They from Breast Carcinomas? Clinical, Pathological, Imaging and Treatment Insights.

Breast sarcoma (BS) is a very rare and poorly studied condition. This has led to a lack of studies with a high level of evidence and to low efficacy of current clinical management protocols. Here we present our experience in treating this disease in the form of a retrospective case series study including discussion of clinical, imaging, and pathological features and treatment.

Nosocomial Infections Affecting Newborns with Abdominal Wall Defects.

Unlabelled: Abdominal wall defects are serious birth defects, with long periods of hospitalization and significant costs to the medical system. Nosocomial infection (NI) may be an additional risk factor that aggravates the evolution of newborns with such malformations.

Methods: in order to analyze the factors that may lead to the occurrence of NI, we performed a retrospective study over a period of thirty-two years (1990-2021), in a tertiary children's hospital; 302 neonates with omphalocele and gastroschisis were eligible for the study.

The Genetic Architecture of Vascular Anomalies: Current Data and Future Therapeutic Perspectives Correlated with Molecular Mechanisms.

Vascular anomalies (VAs) are morphogenesis defects of the vascular system (arteries, capillaries, veins, lymphatic vessels) singularly or in complex combinations, sometimes with a severe impact on the quality of life. The progress made in recent years with the identification of the key molecular pathways (PI3K/AKT/mTOR and RAS/BRAF/MAPK/ERK) and the gene mutations that lead to the appearance of VAs has allowed the deciphering of their complex genetic architecture. Understanding these mechanisms is critical both for the correct definition of the phenotype and classification of VAs, as well as for the initiation of an optimal therapy and the development of new targeted therapies.

Chemical Composition, Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Activities of Essential Oil.

() has been historically used for medicinal purposes due to its biological activity against specific disorders. To investigate the antioxidant and the antiproliferativepotential of essential oil in vitro and in vivo, the chemical composition of the essential oil was analyzed by GC-MS. The in vivo antioxidant capacity was assessed on liver and kidney homogenate samples from mice subjected to acetaminophen-induced oxidative stress and treated with essential oil (600 and 12,000 mg/kg BW) for 14 days.

Current Challenges in the Treatment of the Omphalocele-Experience of a Tertiary Center from Romania.

Unlabelled: Omphalocele is a congenital abdominal wall defect with a constant incidence in recent decades, sometimes representing a real burden for neonatal intensive care units due to prolonged hospitalization and the evolution to death. In our study, we aimed to detect the main risk factors of an unfavorable evolution in the case of omphalocele.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study of all neonates with omphalocele treated in our tertiary pediatric hospital during the last three decades; from 158 patients, 139 patients were eligible for the study.

Outcomes Following Surgery for Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer - Single Center Experience. A Retrospective Study.

Pancreatic cancer represents one of the most frequent cancers with an increased incidence. Most cases on initial diagnosis are considered to be locally advanced and surgery remains the most important therapeutic option. The aim of this study was to evaluate postoperative morbidity that can impair the association of adjuvant therapy.

Mini-Review on the Harlequin Syndrome-A Rare Dysautonomic Manifestation Requiring Attention.

Harlequin syndrome (HS) is a rare autonomic disorder. The causes and risk factors of the disease are not fully understood. Some cases of HS are associated with traumatic injuries, tumors, or vascular impairments of the head.

Oxaliplatin-induced neuropathy and colo-rectal cancer patient's quality of life: Practical lessons from a prospective cross-sectional, real-world study.

Background: Colon cancer is one the most common forms of cancer in both sexes. Due to important progress in the field of early detection and effective treatment, colon and rectal cancer survivors currently account for 10% of cancer survivors worldwide. However, the effects of anti-cancer treatments, especially oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy, on the quality of life (QoL) have been less evaluated.

Composite Materials Based on Gelatin and Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for MRI Accuracy.

The majority of recent studies have focused on obtaining MRI materials for internal use. However, this study focuses on a straightforward method for preparing gelatin-based materials with iron oxide nanoparticles (G-FeO and G-FeO) for external use. The newly obtained materials must be precisely tuned to match the requirements and usage situation because they will be in close touch with human/animal skin.

Evaluation of Immediate Inflammatory Response in Thoracoscopic Esophageal Resection versus Open Approach - A Prospective Study.

There is an immune response after major surgery and inflammatory complications following complex surgery have a direct impact on morbidity and mortality. Currently, we do not have clinical tools to predict in which subset of patients a major complication will occur. The aim of this study was to evaluate the immediate dynamics of C-reactive protein (CRP), presepsin and procalcitonin in patients in which esophagectomy was performed either through video assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) or open approach.

How Augmented Reality (AR) Can Help and Hinder Collaborative Learning: A Study of AR in Electromagnetism Education.

Learning physics is often difficult for students because concepts such as electricity, magnetism and sound, cannot be seen with the naked eye. Emerging technologies such as Augmented Reality (AR) can transform education by making challenging concepts visible and accessible to novices. We present a Hololens-based augmented reality system where collaborators learn about the invisible electromagnetism phenomena involved in audio speakers, and we measure the benefits of AR technology through quantitative and qualitative methods.

Post-Concussion Syndrome and Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy: Narrative Review on the Neuropathology, Neuroimaging and Fluid Biomarkers.

Traumatic brain injury is a significant public health issue and represents the main contributor to death and disability globally among all trauma-related injuries. Martial arts practitioners, military veterans, athletes, victims of physical abuse, and epileptic patients could be affected by the consequences of repetitive mild head injuries (RMHI) that do not resume only to short-termed traumatic brain injuries (TBI) effects but also to more complex and time-extended outcomes, such as post-concussive syndrome (PCS) and chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). These effects in later life are not yet well understood; however, recent studies suggested that even mild head injuries can lead to an elevated risk of later-life cognitive impairment and neurodegenerative disease.

Evaluation of circulating tumor cells in colorectal cancer using flow cytometry.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and the impact of intraoperative tumor manipulation on CTCs in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients.

Methods: We performed a prospective study on 40 patients with CRC stages I to IV who received curative surgery using the no-touch technique. Flow cytometry was used to identify CTCs in peripheral blood samples (4 mL/sample) collected at two surgical moments: skin incision (T1) and after surgical resection (T2).

Uterine Epithelioid Trophoblastic Tumor in a 44-Year-Old Woman: A Diagnostic Dilemma.

Background: Epithelioid trophoblastic tumor (ETT) is a rare and newly defined disease, which most commonly occurs in women of reproductive age and can be a sequela of any gestational event. ETT can be present in both intrauterine and extrauterine sites.

Case Report: A woman of reproductive age, without specific comorbidities and with a single pregnancy and natural childbirth eight years ago, was diagnosed initially with poorly differentiated pleomorphic leiomyosarcoma on the hemostatic uterine curettage.

Caudal Duplication Syndrome Systematic Review-A Need for Better Multidisciplinary Surgical Approach and Follow-Up.

Caudal duplication syndrome is a rare association of anatomical anomalies describing duplication of the hindgut, spine, and uro-genital structures, leading to varied clinical presentations. The current literature focuses on case reports which describe the embryological etiology and anatomical spectrum of the condition giving little attention to the surgical preparation, the need for a well-structured follow-up program, or the transition into adult healthcare of these complex patients. No reviews have been published regarding this complex pathology.

Challenges in management of male breast adenomioepithelioma with malignant behavior: Case report.

Rationale: Male adenomyoepithelioma of the breast with malignant features is a rare tumor with only one previous case reported in the literature over 25 years ago.

Patient Concerns: We report the case of a 63-year-old man admitted to our Oncology Institute with a painless tumor mass of 6 cm in the left breast with no additional regional lymph nodes. Ultrasound revealed a complex cystic tumor mass of 60 mm in the left breast, with both anechoic (cystic) and echogenic (solid) components, with ill-defined margin.

Multiple versus unifocal breast cancer: clinicopathological and immunohistochemical differences.

Multiple breast cancer (MBC) is a controversial topic due to the lack of a consensus regarding its definition, classification issues and imprecise management recommendations in current reference guidelines. In four years, 756 patients with breast cancer (BC) were surgically treated in our Unit, 91 (12.03%) of them being pathologically diagnosed as MBCs.

Hindgut and Midgut Neuroendocrine Tumors - Therapeutic Approach.

Neuroendocrine tumors of the gastro-entero-pancreatic system have a variety of components, clinical manifestations and prognostic indices according to their anatomical site. Therefore, their diagnostic and management strategies differ a great deal. Prognosis concerning NETs can be poor due to the degree of differentiation, early metastasizing and the high degree of invasiveness.

Pelvic exenteration, a surgical treatment option for locally advanced, primary and recurrent neoplasia.

Pelvic exenteration (PE) is an extensive surgical procedure for locally advanced primary neoplasia (LAPN) or recurrent neoplasia (RN) that consists in the en bloc removal of the pelvic organs (rectum, internal genital organs and bladder) associated with pelvic lymph nodes. PE is classified into anterior, posterior and total, supra or infralevatorian approaches. Our aim was to evaluate the surgical procedure and the resection margins in correlation with postoperative complications and morbidity rates after PE in patients treated in a single surgical unit.

Functional Results Following Pylorus-Preserving Pancreatoduodenectomy with Pancreaticogastrostomy.

Pylorus preserving (PP) pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) has several advantages in terms of shorter operation time and improved nutritional status but with an increased risk for delayed gastric emptying. We performed a retrospective study on all patients in which PD was performed from May 2012 to May 2018. It was analyzed early postoperative outcomes and the incidence of delayed gastric emptying (DGE) syndrome for patients with pylorus PP PD technique and pancreaticogastrostomy (PG).

Pathological aspects underlying pancreatogenous hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia--report of three cases.

Pancreatogenous hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia (PHH) is a rare disorder determined by an abnormally high secretion of insulin in the pancreas, in the absence of other medical or pharmacological factors. Either β-cell tumors (insulinomas) or β-cell hyperplasia (nesidioblastosis) can determine this pathology. Most publications on insulinomas or nesidioblastosis approached these subjects from a clinical point of view.