Real-Time Fault Detection and Diagnosis of CaCO Reactive Crystallization Process by Electrical Resistance Tomography Measurements.

In the present research work, an electrical resistance tomography (ERT) system is utilized as a means for real-time fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) during a reactive crystallization process. The calcium carbonate crystallization is part of the carbon capture and utilization scheme where process monitoring and malfunction diagnostics strategies are presented. The graphical logic representation of the fault tree analysis methodology is used to develop the system failure states.

Quantitative Evaluations with 2d Electrical Resistance Tomography in the Low-Conductivity Solutions Using 3d-Printed Phantoms and Sucrose Crystal Agglomerate Assessments.

Crystallization is a significant procedure in the manufacturing of many pharmaceutical and solid food products. In-situ electrical resistance tomography (ERT) is a novel process analytical tool (PAT) to provide a cheap and quick way to test, visualize, and evaluate the progress of crystallization processes. In this work, the spatial accuracy of the nonconductive phantoms in low-conductivity solutions was evaluated.

On the Use of a Rotatable ECT Sensor to Investigate Dense Phase Flow: A Feasibility Study.

This paper presents the feasibility study of dynamic flow measurements using the concept of a rotatable electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) sensor. The experiment considered horizontal flow in a pneumatic conveying flow loop in the case of dense phase flow. Slugs and settled layers were imaged and a comparison was made between no rotation or rotation of the sensor for two image reconstruction schemas: linear back projection (LBP) and non-linear iterative back projection.