B Cell Lymphocytes as a Potential Source of Breast Carcinoma Marker Candidates.

Despite advances in the genomic classification of breast cancer, current clinical tests and treatment decisions are commonly based on protein-level information. Nowadays breast cancer clinical treatment selection is based on the immunohistochemical (IHC) determination of four protein biomarkers: Estrogen Receptor 1 (ESR1), Progesterone Receptor (PGR), Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2), and proliferation marker Ki-67. The prognostic correlation of tumor-infiltrating T cells has been widely studied in breast cancer, but tumor-infiltrating B cells have not received so much attention.

Risk factors for post-ERCP complications.

Background: In the 21st century, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) has emerged as a diagnostic and therapeutic method for diseases of the pancreaticobiliary duct system. However, like any other diagnostic and therapeutic method, ERCP carries the risk of unwanted complications.

Material And Methods: We retrospectively followed patients who underwent ERCP examinations from January 2013 to April 2023.

Peripheral Blood CD8 T-Lymphocyte Immune Response in Benign and Subpopulations of Breast Cancer Patients.

Peripheral blood CD8 T lymphocytes play a crucial role in cell-mediated immunity and tumor-related immune responses in breast cancer. In this study, label-free quantification analysis and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) of CD8 T lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of benign patients and patients with different breast cancer (BC) subtypes, i.e.

Skin grafting on amputated lower limb, norepinephrine-induced ischemic limb necrosis - case report.

Ischemic limb necrosis due to high dose of norepinephrine (NE) in a patient with septic shock is uncommon. Unfortunately, amputation of necrotic parts is the only available treatment. Reconstruction with skin autografts for defects resulting from the amputation of the lower limbs is challenging.

The Role of Surgery in Chronic Pancreatitis.

Chronic pancreatitis is an inflammatory disease characterized by the progressive replacement of the functional pancreatic parenchyma with fibrotic tissue. This leads to exocrine and endocrine insufficiency. A typical clinical feature is recurrent, severe upper abdominal pain, which negatively affects the patient's quality of life.

Use of hepatocyte transplantation after extensive liver resections in experiment.

he aim of our research is to prove, that the transplanted hepatocytes can survive and compensate for inadequate liver function in experimental animals. Thesis discusses the basic principles of hepatocyte transplantations, the process of their adaptation and effect on the organism as well as possibilities of their further use as a promising treatment method.In the experiment we used hepatocytes isolated and produced from explanted livers of laboratory rats.

Non-Coding RNAs in Human Cancer and Other Diseases: Overview of the Diagnostic Potential.

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are abundant single-stranded RNA molecules in human cells, involved in various cellular processes ranging from DNA replication and mRNA translation regulation to genome stability defense. MicroRNAs are multifunctional ncRNA molecules of 18-24 nt in length, involved in gene silencing through base-pair complementary binding to target mRNA transcripts. piwi-interacting RNAs are an animal-specific class of small ncRNAs sized 26-31 nt, responsible for the defense of genome stability via the epigenetic and post-transcriptional silencing of transposable elements.

Bouveret's Syndrome: A Rare Form of Gallstone Ileus Caused by Large Renal Cysts.

Bouveret's syndrome is a rare variant of gallstone ileus caused by gastric outlet obstruction that arises from gallstones impacted in the distal stomach or proximal duodenum after passing through a cholecystoduodenal or cholecystogastric fistula. Simple kidney cysts are one of the most common lesions found in the elderly. They are usually asymptomatic, but the cysts can put pressure on the surrounding organs if they grow to large dimensions.

Classic and New Markers in Diagnostics and Classification of Breast Cancer.

Breast cancer remains the most frequently diagnosed form of female's cancer, and in recent years it has become the most common cause of cancer death in women worldwide. Like many other tumours, breast cancer is a histologically and biologically heterogeneous disease. In recent years, considerable progress has been made in diagnosis, subtyping, and complex treatment of breast cancer with the aim of providing best suited tumour-specific personalized therapy.

Imipridone enhances vascular relaxation via FOXO1 pathway.

Cardiovascular complications are a side effect of cancer therapy, potentially through reduced blood vessel function. ONC201 (TIC10) is currently used in phase 2 clinical trials to treat high-grade gliomas. TIC10 is a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) inhibitor that induces apoptosis via upregulation of TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand, which via stimulation of FOXO and death receptor could increase eNOS upregulation.

Influence of a polymer membrane on the electrochemical determination of insulin in nanomodified screen printed carbon electrodes.

Diabetes mellitus can be considered one of the most widespread diseases globally. Hence, the diabetes research is currently focused on developing an effective, low-cost sensor having high stability and suitable analytical characteristics. Screen printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs) embody ideal candidates for insulin determination due to the small area of the working electrode eliminating the solution volume required for the given purpose.

Impact of drugs on venous thromboembolism risk in surgical patients.

Purpose: This review focuses on the most common drugs administered to surgical patients during the perioperative period that affect the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE).

Results: Among analgesics, the risk of VTE is increased in patients treated with diclofenac, ibuprofen, and rofecoxib, but not naproxen, while metamizole can confer a protective effect. The relationship between sedatives and VTE has not been sufficiently studied.

Electrochemically deposited silver detection substrate for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy cancer diagnostics.

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) of blood plasma on an electrochemically prepared silver surface has been studied as a label-free, noninvasive diagnostic test for colorectal cancer. Indium tin oxide glass substrates were modified with 0.01  mol dm  -  3 silver nitrate using the pulsed double-potentiostatic method.

Mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Diabetes mellitus type 1 is a form of diabetes mellitus that results from the autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. The current gold standard therapy for pancreas transplantation has limitations because of the long list of waiting patients and the limited supply of donor pancreas. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), a relatively new potential therapy in various fields, have already made their mark in the young field of regenerative medicine.

A risk score to predict the difficulty of elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Introduction: Several preoperative scoring systems have been proposed to predict the difficulty of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in order to optimize the results of surgical treatment by either selection of patients for the procedure or providing an adequately experienced surgical team for a given patient. Nevertheless, none of them has achieved significant penetration into everyday practice.

Aim: To propose and validate a novel risk score based on the patient's history, physical examination and abdominal ultrasonography parameters.

Alveolar echinococcosis in a highly endemic area of Northern Slovakia between 2000 and 2013.

Long-term surveillance of Echinococcus multilocularis occurrence in red foxes in Slovakia revealed the existence of highly endemic areas, with an overall prevalence rate of 41.6 % in the northern part of the country. Between 2000 and 2013, 26 human cases of alveolar echinococcosis were detected and only three of them were not in endemic localities in northern Slovakia.

Baclofen or nNOS inhibitor affect molecular and behavioral alterations evoked by traumatic spinal cord injury in rat spinal cord.

Background Context: The loss of descending control after spinal cord injury (SCI) and incessant stimulation of Ia monosynaptic pathway, carrying proprioceptive impulses from the muscles and tendons into the spinal cord, evoke exaggerated α-motoneuron activity leading to increased reflex response. Previous results from our laboratory have shown that Ia monosynaptic pathway is nitrergic.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to find out whether nitric oxide produced by neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) plays a role in setting the excitability of α-motoneurons after thoracic spinal cord transection.

Effect of equal daily doses achieved by different power densities of low-level laser therapy at 635 nm on open skin wound healing in normal and diabetic rats.

Background And Objective: Despite the fact that the molecular mechanism of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is not yet known, the exploitation of phototherapy in clinical medicine and surgery is of great interest. The present study investigates the effects of LLLT on open skin wound healing in normal and diabetic rats.

Materials And Methods: Four round full-thickness skin wounds on dorsum were performed in male adult nondiabetic (n = 24) and diabetic (n = 24) Sprague-Dawley rats.

Obesity as a risk factor for severe acute pancreatitis patients.

Background: Obesity plays an important role in increasing the risks of cardiovascular diseases, metabolic diseases, and death. Controversy persists concerning the degrees to which obesity influences mortality and morbidity in severe acute pancreatitis.

Materials And Methods: Between 2008 and 2012, the findings of 384 consecutive acute pancreatitis patients were analyzed in a prospective trial.

Intrapancreatic accessory spleen. A case report and review of literature.

Context: Accessory spleen is a congenital focus of healthy splenic tissue that is separated from the main body of spleen. Although an accessory spleen usually appears as an isolated asymptomatic abnormality, it may have clinical significance in some situations.

Case Report: We report the case of 53-year-old woman with a 2-year history of upper abdominal discomfort after meals and weight loss.

Laparoscopic Surgical Skills programme: preliminary evaluation of Grade I Level 1 courses by trainees.

Introduction: New training models are needed to maintain safety and quality of surgical performance. A simulated setting using virtual reality, synthetic, and/or organic models should precede traditional supervised training in the operating room.

Aim: The aim of the paper is to describe the Laparoscopic Surgical Skills (LSS) programme and to provide information about preliminary evaluation of Grade I Level 1 courses, including overall quality, applicability of the course content in practice and the balance between theory and hands-on training modules, by participating trainees.

Arterial arrangement of the cervical spinal cord in rabbit.

The aim of this study was to describe the arterial arrangement of the cervical spinal cord in rabbit because it has been used widely to examine the pathophysiology of spinal cord injury. The study was carried out on 20 adult New Zealand White rabbits. We prepared corrosion casts of the arterial system of the cervical spinal cord.