Disparities in Receipt of Early Intervention Services by Toddlers with Autism Diagnoses: an Intersectional Latent Class Analysis of Demographic Factors.

We examined receipt of general early intervention services and autism-specific specialized services across demographic groups among toddlers with autism diagnoses who were receiving Part C Early Intervention (EI). Latent class analysis (n = 508) identified five demographically distinct subgroups associated with intersecting marginalization and privilege. Analyses of longitudinal parent interviews (n = 225) revealed service receipt disparities across these demographically distinct latent classes; children from White, U.

Increasing Access To Perinatal Mental Health Care: The Perinatal Psychiatry Access Program Model.

Perinatal psychiatry access programs offer a scalable approach to building the capacity of perinatal professionals to identify, assess, and treat mental health conditions. Little is known about access programs' implementation and the relative merits of differing approaches. We conducted surveys and semistructured interviews with access program staff and reviewed policy and procedure documents from the fifteen access programs that had been implemented in the United States as of March 2021, when the study was conducted.

Using the Multiphase Optimization Strategy (MOST) framework to test intervention delivery strategies: a study protocol.

Background: Delivery of behavioral interventions is complex, as the majority of interventions consist of multiple components used either simultaneously, sequentially, or both. The importance of clearly delineating delivery strategies within these complex interventions-and furthermore understanding the impact of each strategy on effectiveness-has recently emerged as an important facet of intervention research. Yet, few methodologies exist to prospectively test the effectiveness of delivery strategies and how they impact implementation.

Simulation and minimization: technical advances for factorial experiments designed to optimize clinical interventions.

Background: The Multiphase Optimization Strategy (MOST) is designed to maximize the impact of clinical healthcare interventions, which are typically multicomponent and increasingly complex. MOST often relies on factorial experiments to identify which components of an intervention are most effective, efficient, and scalable. When assigning participants to conditions in factorial experiments, researchers must be careful to select the assignment procedure that will result in balanced sample sizes and equivalence of covariates across conditions while maintaining unpredictability.

The effects of integrating behavioral health into primary care for low-income children.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of TEAM UP-an initiative that fully integrates behavioral health services into pediatric primary care in three Boston-area Community Health Centers (CHCs)-on health care utilization and costs.

Data Sources: 2014-2017 claims data on continuously enrolled children from a Massachusetts Medicaid managed care plan.

Study Design: We used a difference-in-difference approach with inverse probability of treatment weights to compare outcomes in children receiving primary care at TEAM UP CHCs versus comparison site CHCs, in the pre (2014-2016q2)- versus post (2016q3-2017)-intervention periods.

USPSTF is unable to recommend for or against lipid screening to identify multifactorial dyslipidaemia in childhood: no recommendation is not without consequences.

Paediatric lipid screening has been recommended for decades to identify youth at increased risk for early atherosclerotic disease but is controversial and not universally adopted. A 2016 review by the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) found inadequate evidence to recommend for or against lipid screening in childhood. In this Perspective article, we examine this controversial and important topic more broadly.

Stakeholders' Perspectives on Stakeholder-engaged Research (SER): Strategies to Operationalize Patient-centered Outcomes Research Principles for SER.

Background: US federal funding agencies increasingly incentivize stakeholder-engaged research which represents a paradigm shift toward incorporating a range of stakeholders in research design, conduct, and dissemination.

Objectives: We use qualitative methods to capture experience-based recommendations on how to operationalize 4 Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (PCOR) principles in stakeholder-engaged research, specifically: (1) reciprocal relationships; (2) colearning; (3) partnership; and (4) trust, transparency, and honesty.

Research Design: We conducted semistructured interviews with members of a stakeholder panel who participated in a 2-year comparative effectiveness study of cholesterol screening and treatment among young adults.

Do observational studies using propensity score methods agree with randomized trials? A systematic comparison of studies on acute coronary syndromes.

Aims: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are the gold standard for assessing the efficacy of therapeutic interventions because randomization protects from biases inherent in observational studies. Propensity score (PS) methods, proposed as a potential solution to confounding of the treatment-outcome association, are widely used in observational studies of therapeutic interventions for acute coronary syndromes (ACS). We aimed to systematically assess agreement between observational studies using PS methods and RCTs on therapeutic interventions for ACS.

Computer-based attention training in the schools for children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a preliminary trial.

Objective. This study examined the efficacy of 2 computer-based training systems to teach children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) to attend more effectively. Design/methods.

Medical home services for children with behavioral health conditions.

Objectives: Whether medical services received by children and youth with behavioral health conditions are consistent with a Medical Home has not been systematically studied. The objectives of this study were to examine the variation among four behavioral health conditions in regard to services related to the Medical Home.

Methods: Cross-sectional analyses of the 2003 National Survey of Children's Health were conducted.