Influence of Injectable Hyaluronic Gel System on Skin Microbiota, Skin Defense Mechanisms and Integrity (Ex vivo Study).

Objective: The influence of injectable hyaluronic gels on skin's microbiota is unclear. As well, skin microbiota is a key factor modulating final effect of injectable gels. The ex-vivo study was aimed at alterations following hyaluronic acid injection into the dermis in non-sterile skin surface conditions.

Protective Potential of a Botanical-Based Supplement Ingredient against the Impact of Environmental Pollution on Cutaneous and Cardiopulmonary Systems: Preclinical Study.

Air pollution is a growing threat to human health. Airborne pollution effects on respiratory, cardiovascular and skin health are well-established. The main mechanisms of air-pollution-induced health effects involve oxidative stress and inflammation.

Microneedle patch based on dissolving, detachable microneedle technology for improved skin quality - Part 1: ex vivo safety evaluation.

Objective: The aim of the paper presented herein is the description and safety evaluation of the process of dissolution of an 86-microneedle patch composed of hyaluronic acid, when applied topically to human abdominal skin explants. Such explants were chosen to replace the inability of obtaining periorbital skin. In order to evaluate penetration and dissolution of the microneedles, we employed histochemical methods and a fluorescent dye FITC (fluorescein isothiocyanate).

Dual wavelength Talbot self-imaging using facet patterned nonlinear crystals.

A method for functional patterning of facets of a nonlinear crystal using focused ion beam milling has been developed. The near-field diffraction on periodic gratings has been experimentally and theoretically studied. The periodicity of the structure enables Talbot self-imaging at the fundamental and second-harmonic frequencies simultaneously.

Double Knockout of the Na+-Driven Cl-/HCO3- Exchanger and Na+/Cl- Cotransporter Induces Hypokalemia and Volume Depletion.

We recently described a novel thiazide-sensitive electroneutral NaCl transport mechanism resulting from the parallel operation of the Cl/HCO exchanger pendrin and the Na-driven Cl/2HCO exchanger (NDCBE) in β-intercalated cells of the collecting duct. Although a role for pendrin in maintaining Na balance, intravascular volume, and BP is well supported, there is no in vivo evidence for the role of NDCBE in maintaining Na balance. Here, we show that deletion of NDCBE in mice caused only subtle perturbations of Na homeostasis and provide evidence that the Na/Cl cotransporter (NCC) compensated for the inactivation of NDCBE.

Structural and functional analyses of the sixth site of neurexin alternative splicing.

In this study, we found the sixth site of alternative splicing (SS6) of neurexin 1a from the rat brain. This site is located between the fifth LNS and the third EGF-like domains. The insertion in the SS6 site corresponds to the 9-residue peptide VALMKADLQ, which is conserved among animals.

Spectral fringes in non-phase-matched SHG and refinement of dispersion relations in the VUV.

We consider second harmonic generation (SHG) of ultrashort pulses in the case of strong phase- and group-velocity mismatch. Spectral fringes appear in the second harmonic related to two delayed replicas of the fundamental pulse in the time domain. The fringe separation can be used to evaluate the group-velocity and refractive index of nonlinear crystals at extreme wavelengths.

Structural determinants of the insulin receptor-related receptor activation by alkali.

IRR is a member of the insulin receptor (IR) family that does not have any known agonist of a peptide nature but can be activated by mildly alkaline medium and was thus proposed to function as an extracellular pH sensor. IRR activation by alkali is defined by its N-terminal extracellular region. To reveal key structural elements involved in alkali sensing, we developed an in vitro method to quantify activity of IRR and its mutants.

[Structural features of immunoglobulin G from leukemic cattle].

Structural peculiarities of immunoglobulin G (IgG) in cattle with leukemia were studied using the method of dansyl-finger prints and proteolytic fragmentation with pepsin. It is stated that the protein from the blood of leukemic animals differs from the similar IgG subfraction of healthy animals in the amount of peptides: their number is 39 in sick animals, 41--in healthy ones. The studied protein is splitted into three fragments under the effect of pepsin.

[Carbohydrate component of immunoglobulin G in cattle suffering from leukosis].

No essential differences are found in the composition and total amount of carbohydrates in the studied preparations of the immunoglobulin G subfraction in cattle suffering from leucosis and of the immunoglobulin G subfraction, identical in evolution, in healthy animals. It is shown that the main mass of carbohydrates is connected with Fc-fragment and heavy chains of the protein under study.

[Physicochemical properties and amino acid composition of papain fragments of immunoglobulin G isolated from blood of cows suffering from leukosis].

It is shown that the peculiar to the malignant growth protein isolated from blood of cattle suffering from leukosis is more stable to the effect of papain than the human protein characteristic of the malignant growth. Papain breaks the studied protein up into three components, the sedimentation constants of Fab- and Fc-fragments isolated from the papain hydrolysate are 3,9 and 3,6S and their molecular mass --55000 and 45000 Daltons, respectively. In the Fab-fragment the contents of lysine, glutaminic acid, leucine, serine are higher and those of arginine, alanine, valine, methionine, phenylalanine and isoleucine are lower as compared with the Fab-fragment isolated from immunoglobulin G of healthy animals.

[Composition and properties of immunoglobulin G in cattle with lymphatic leukemia].

The data are presented concerning the qualitative changes in cattle immunoglobulin G with lymphoid leukosis. Protein peculiar to cattle leucosis is shown to be an immunoglobulin G subfraction which is washed out of the DEAE-cellulose column by 0.1 M of NaCl.