Improvement in the temporal contrast in the tens of ps range of the multi-PW Apollon laser front-end.

We demonstrate the impact of the optics roughness in Öffner stretchers used in chirped pulse amplification laser chains and how it is possible to improve the temporal contrast ratio in the temporal range of 10-100 ps by adequately choosing the optical quality of the key components. Experimental demonstration has been realized in the front-end source of the multi-petawatt (PW) laser facility Apollon, resulting in an enhancement of the contrast ratio by two to three orders of magnitude.

Contribution of MRI and CT arthrography to the diagnosis of intra-articular tendinopathy of the long head of the biceps.

Introduction: Clinical diagnosis of biceps tendinopathy is difficult to make because of the poor sensitivity of existing clinical tests. The goal of this study was to determine whether MRI or CT arthrogram could contribute to the diagnosis of tendinopathy in the intra-articular portion of the long head of biceps (LHB), while using macroscopic findings during shoulder arthroscopy as a reference.

Material And Methods: A prospective, single-centre study was performed over a 4-month period.

Arthroscopic classification of posterior labrum glenoid insertion.

Purpose: We performed a prospective arthroscopic study to explore the variability of the posterior labrum glenoid insertion. We aimed to classify the insertions and to explore whether these insertions can be identified by pre-operative arthro-CT scan.

Patients And Methods: From January to December 2011, 86 patients were prospectively included in the current study.

Axial MRI index of patellar engagement: a new method to assess patellar instability.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to define a new index to measure lateral patellar displacement (LPD) using nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), an axial index of engagement of the patella (AEI) obtained from two different axial MRI views then to validate its use in a prospective series of patients presenting an objective patellar instability (OPI).

Materials And Methods: One hundred and thirty-five patients with OPI and no history of surgery of the patella were included in a prospective study organized by the French Society of Arthroscopy performed between June 2010 and August 2012. All patients underwent axial and sagittal MRI.

The introduction of a new MRI index to evaluate sagittal patellofemoral engagement.

Introduction: Patella alta is one of the primary factors of patellofemoral instability and its importance lies in the reduced engagement between patella and trochlea during the early degrees of flexion. The evaluation of patellar height is based on conventional x-rays, CT scan and, more recently, MRI. The objective of this multicentric prospective study is to describe a novel index to assess in the sagittal plane the functional engagement between patella and trochlea.

Measuring femoral and rotational alignment: EOS system versus computed tomography.

Introduction: Computed tomography (CT) is currently the reference standard for measuring femoral and tibial rotational alignment. The EOS System is a new biplanar low-dose radiographic device that allows 3-dimensional lower-limb modelling with automated measurements of femoral and tibial rotational alignment (torsion).

Hypothesis: Femoral and tibial torsion measurements provided by the EOS System are equivalent to those obtained using CT.

Reliability and diagnostic accuracy of qualitative evaluation of diffusion-weighted MRI combined with conventional MRI in differentiating between complete and partial anterior cruciate ligament tears.

Objectives: To assess the reliability and diagnostic accuracy of qualitative evaluation of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) mapping with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in differentiating between complete and partial anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears.

Methods: This prospective study protocol was approved by the institutional ethics review board and informed consent was obtained from all the patients. Eighty-five patients (35 women and 50 men, mean age 34.

Evaluation of a new low-dose biplanar system to assess lower-limb alignment in 3D: a phantom study.

Objective: Knee coronal alignment is routinely assessed on a full-length radiograph of the lower limbs. However, poor positioning of the knee during the procedure affects the accuracy of this kind of measurement, particularly in cases combining knee rotation and flexion. The purpose of this study was to assess the value of a three-dimensional assessment of the hip-knee-ankle (HKA) angle based on a biplanar radiographic system.

Suppression of parasitic lasing in high energy, high repetition rate Ti:sapphire laser amplifiers.

Transverse parasitic lasing is well known for limiting the signal gain and the pulse energy that can be extracted from Ti:sapphire petawatt amplifiers. We have developed a technique for suppressing these parasitic lasing modes based on perfect refractive index-matching liquid doped with a broad-bandwidth absorber to suppress the transverse lasing while ensuring proper heat removal from the Ti:sapphire crystal. The 800 nm laser output with a bandwidth of 41 nm (FWHM) and peak energy of 22.

Is the trapezius transfer a useful treatment option for irreparable tears of the subscapularis?

Introduction: When suture of the torn subscapularis could not be performed, a superior trapezius transfer was used for repair of the tendinous defect. The aim of this article is to report the mid-term functional and radiographic outcome of this technique when complete watertight rotator cuff healings were achieved and to investigate the usefulness of the trapezius transfer. The hypothesis of this work was that the trapezius transfer could not be considered as a useful treatment option.

Design of a 10 PW (150 J/15 fs) peak power laser system with Ti:sapphire medium through spectral control.

We designed a 10  PW (150  J-15  fs) laser system based on the use of titanium-doped sapphire power amplifiers. The solution is to provide an overall compensating spectral gain narrowing and shifting technique for obtaining a controlled output spectrum.

Acromio humeral distance less than six millimeter: its meaning in full-thickness rotator cuff tear.

Unlabelled: The present study sought to identify full-thickness rotator cuff tears liable to induce an acromiohumeral distance (AHD) of less than 6 mm. The hypothesis was that, less than 6mm AHD is found exclusively in association with total full-thickness infraspinatus tear.

Materials: A continuous single-center series recruited 109 shoulders, free of glenohumeral osteoarthritis, presenting with full-thickness tear requiring surgery.

How repaired rotator cuff function influences Constant scoring.

Unlabelled: The function level influence of an intact rotator cuff on the unweighted Constant score and its corresponding items is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate this contribution. The hypothesis was that the shoulder muscles other than the rotator cuff ones ensure a "basic" shoulder function level that is improved by the rotator cuff depending on its fatty degeneration index (FDI) MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study was based on a continuous series of 29 non-osteoarthritic shoulders whose sutured rotator cuff tears remained intact after 9 years of follow-up.

Long-term functional and structural outcome in patients with intact repairs 1 year after open transosseous rotator cuff repair.

Hypothesis: Tendon-to-bone suture and a fatty degeneration index (FDI)
Materials And Methods: We studied 30 cuffs with FDI View Article and Find Full Text PDF

[Reproducibility of whole lower limb X-rays made in supine position after total knee replacement: comparison with reproducibility of whole lower limb X-rays of normal knees].

Purpose Of The Study: Outcomes after total knee replacement are correlated with the postoperative HKA angle. Therefore, it seems crucial to determine the precision of the whole lower limb X-rays which are currently used to determine the frontal knee alignment. The aim of the study was to analyze the precision of the whole lower limb X-Rays made in supine position, after total knee replacement.

Total shoulder arthroplasty using the superior approach: influence on glenoid loosening and superior migration in the long-term follow-up after Neer II prosthesis installation.

Glenoid component loosening and superior humeral translation are common after Neer II total shoulder arthroplasty using the anterior approach. To determine whether the superior approach reduced these complications, we retrospectively reviewed 20 shoulders in 16 patients. Both components were cemented.

Influence of lower-limb torsion on long-term outcomes of tibial valgus osteotomy for medial compartment knee osteoarthritis.

Background: The results of tibial osteotomy used to treat osteoarthritis of the medial compartment of the knee deteriorate over time even when the initial correction is optimal. Studies have shown that tibial and femoral torsion and the femorotibial index (tibial torsion minus femoral torsion) contribute, together with coronal malalignment, to the development of single-compartment knee osteoarthritis. The objective of our study was to evaluate the impact of femoral and tibial torsion and of coronal realignment on the long-term clinical and radiographic outcomes of valgus tibial osteotomy.

Tension-free cuff repairs with excision of macroscopic tendon lesions and muscular advancement: results in a prospective series with limited fatty muscular degeneration.

Recurrent tears after rotator cuff repairs are frequent. These could be influenced by excessive tension on a degenerated tendinous stump and by fatty degeneration of the cuff muscles. The goal of this study was to evaluate the anatomic and functional results of tension-free cuff repairs with the excision of macroscopic tendon lesions in a series with limited muscular fatty degeneration of the infraspinatus and a global fatty degeneration index of rotator cuff muscles equal to or lower than 2.

Low-grade steatosis and major changes in portal flow as new prognostic factors in steroid-treated alcoholic hepatitis.

The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and prognostic value of major alterations of portal flow in patients with steroid-treated alcoholic hepatitis. Fifty patients with severe, histologically proven alcoholic hepatitis were enrolled. Clinical data, liver test results, and hepatic Doppler ultrasound findings were collected at inclusion and at month 2.

Severe sialadenitis: a new complication of drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms.

Background: Drug cutaneous reaction and isolated cases of parotitis induced by terbinafine have been reported.

Observation: We report a case of drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms induced by terbinafine associated with a severe sialadenitis and a complete sicca syndrome. Evolution was protracted with a slow recovery of the rash but sicca syndrome persisted with only a very mild improvement at 6 months.

Magnetic resonance imaging for the diagnosis of stress fractures in a horse.

In humans, magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is the method of choice for the diagnosis of stress fractures. In this paper, bilateral stress fracture of the lateral condyle of the third metacarpal bone in a French trotter is described. Results of the radiographic, MR imaging, and histologic examinations are presented, with a focus on the MR signal abnormalities found.

Thirteen-megahertz ultrasound probe: its role in diagnosing localized scleroderma.

Background: Ultrasound imaging has been shown to be useful for the evaluation of systemic and localized scleroderma (LS). However, its specificity and sensitivity have not been studied.

Objectives: To define morphological ultrasound diagnostic criteria in LS and to test their sensitivity and specificity with a 13-MHz ultrasound probe.

[Auxiliary hepatic transplantation in iproniazid-induced subfulminant hepatitis. Should iproniazid still be sold in France?].

We report a new case of subfulminant hepatitis due to iproniazid, a MAO-inhibitor antidepressant, in a 27-year-old man. An auxiliary liver transplantation was performed. Liver function returned to normal and the patient was discharged from the hospital.

Partial nephrectomy with retroperitoneal laparoscopy.

Purpose: Laparoscopy has gradually gained acceptance for a variety of ablative procedures of the retroperitoneal organs, and the indications are being extended to more complex reconstructive and organ preserving procedures. We report our experience with retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy.

Materials And Methods: Retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy was performed for benign conditions in 6, equivocal solid masses in 4 and indeterminate cysts in 3 patients.