Cu(ii)-catalyzed C-N coupling of 2-aminobenzothiazoles with boronic acids at room temperature.

A Cu(ii)-catalyzed, effective C-N coupling of 2-aminobenzothiazoles with boronic acids in acetonitrile under open vessel chemistry was achieved. This protocol demonstrates the -arylation of 2-aminobenzothiazoles with a broad range of differently substituted phenylboronic acids at room temperature and accomplishes moderate to excellent yields of the desired products. Under the optimized condition, phenylboronic acids bearing halogen at the and positions were found to be more fruitful.

An Overview of Julia-lythgoe Olefination.

Julia-Lythgoe olefination (or simply Julia olefination) is an olefination process between phenyl sulfones and aldehydes (or ketones) to give alkenes after alcohol functionalization and reductive elimination using sodium amalgam or SmI2. It is mainly used to synthesize E-alkenes and is a key step in numerous total syntheses of many natural products. This review exclusively deals with the Julia-Lythgoe olefination and concentrates mainly on the applications of this reaction in natural product synthesis covering literature up to 2021.

A Modified LBP Operator-Based Optimized Fuzzy Art Map Medical Image Retrieval System for Disease Diagnosis and Prediction.

Medical records generated in hospitals are treasures for academic research and future references. Medical Image Retrieval (MIR) Systems contribute significantly to locating the relevant records required for a particular diagnosis, analysis, and treatment. An efficient classifier and effective indexing technique are required for the storage and retrieval of medical images.

Recent developments and trends in the iron- and cobalt-catalyzed Sonogashira reactions.

Iron- and cobalt-catalyzed Sonogashira coupling reactions are becoming central areas of research in organic synthesis. Owing to their significant importance in the formation of carbon-carbon bonds, numerous green and nanoparticle protocols have emerged during the past decades. The non-toxic and inexpensive nature of catalysts gained much attention in recent times.

Outcome of pediatric germ cell tumor with comparison of carboplatin and cisplatin based regimens: A 10-year analysis.

Carboplatin is being advocated more frequently for treatment of childhood germ cell tumors (GCT), due to less long-term toxicity, and demonstrable equivalence in outcome as compared to cisplatin. This analysis presents the survival of GCT in a low middle-income country and compares two different chemotherapeutic regimens. A retrospective analysis of patient case records was carried out over 10-years (January 2007-December 2016).

Juvenile granulosa cell tumor of the ovary: A comprehensive clinicopathologic analysis of 15 cases.

Objective: Juvenile granulosa cell tumor(JGCT) is an uncommon ovarian sex-cord stromal tumor, with diverse clinical, radiological and histopathologic features. The present study describes the clinicopathological and histomorphological spectrum of JGCTs, and highlights the key differentiating features from its mimics.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of all cases reported as JGCTs during 2011-19 (8 years) was performed with detailed evaluation of clinical, histopathologic data and follow-up details.

Survival in patients with high-risk neuroblastoma treated without autologous stem cell transplant or dinutuximab beta.

The majority of patients with high-risk neuroblastoma (HR-NB) in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) do not have access to autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) and dinutuximab. Consolidation with nonmyeloablative chemotherapy is not well-defined, and the outcomes are variable. We report a single-center outcome of patients with HR-NB, treated with nonmyeloablative consolidation.

Nodular syphilitic scleritis: a rare and forgotten entity.

Ocular manifestations of syphilis are usually seen in the secondary or tertiary stages of the disease, which is a nonspecific inflammatory response. We report a case of unilateral nodular scleritis in a patient with late latent syphilis, which resolved with intravenous crystalline penicillin for 2 weeks, topical fluorometholone, and tobramycin eye drops for 3 weeks.

Applications of -butanesulfinamide in the synthesis of N-heterocycles sulfinimines.

Chiral sulfinamides are among the best known chiral auxiliaries in the stereoselective synthesis of amines and their derivatives. The most extensively used enantiopure -butanesulfinamide emerged as the gold standard among many others over the last two decades. The present review attempts to provide an overview of -butanesulfinamide mediated asymmetric N-heterocycle synthesis sulfinimines and covers literature from 2010-2020.

To compare the optimal cytoreduction rate in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer stage III/IV after 3 versus 6 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

This study aimed to compare the impact of 3 versus 6 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) on the optimal cytoreduction in patients of advanced ovarian malignancy during interval debulking surgery (IDS). Thirty patients with advanced-stage IIIc/IV epithelial ovarian cancer, fallopian tube cancer, and primary peritoneal cancer were randomly allocated to receive 6 cycles in the late IDS group versus 3 cycles in early IDS before undergoing interval debulking surgery. A higher percentage of patients achieved optimal cytoreduction in the late IDS group compared to the early IDS group (60 versus 23%) which was statistically significant ( = .

BRAF V600E mutation in childhood Langerhans cell histiocytosis correlates with multisystem disease and poor survival.

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is an inflammatory myeloid neoplasia of children with systemic involvement and poor outcome. The altered RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK cell signalling pathway due to somatic mutation of BRAF V600E is the most common genetic abnormality associated with the disease. In the current study, we highlight the frequency of BRAF V600E in our cohort of LCH cases (n = 31) and its relation with clinical outcome.

Current Microbiological Trends of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media in a Tertiary Care Centre, Mysuru, India.

The aim of the study was to re- evaluate the current bacteriological profile of chronic suppurative otitis media and to know their antibiotic sensitivity pattern to commonly used antibiotics. To provide a guideline for empirical antibiotic therapy when culture facilities are not available. Observational study.

Colonic mucosa-associated candida assessed by biopsy culture is associated with disease severity in ulcerative colitis: A prospective study.

Objective: To evaluate the relationship of mucosa-associated candida (MAC) and disease severity in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC).

Methods: We prospectively investigated the presence, nature, and quantification of MAC in patients with UC and its relationship with disease severity. Consecutive patients with UC were assessed for clinical, endoscopic, histological features and serum markers of disease severity.

Recent trends and applications of the Cadiot-Chodkiewicz reaction.

The Cadiot-Chodkiewicz reaction offers an elegant strategy for the formation of 1,3-diynes via Cu-catalyzed cross-coupling of alkynyl halides with terminal alkynes in the presence of an amine. Since both unsymmetrical and symmetrical diacetylenes are of considerable interest due to their pharmaceutical, biological and synthetic applications, novel developments in the field of the Cadiot-Chodkiewicz reaction are of great importance. C(sp)-C(sp) coupling plays a central role in the total synthesis of many natural products and polyynes.

Effectiveness of different methods of health education on knowledge and attitude regarding palliative care among college students in urban Puducherry: a pre-post intervention study.

Background: The World Health Organization estimates that around 6 million people need palliative care in India but not even 1% of the patients have access to it.

Objective: To find the prevalence of knowledge on palliative care and compare the effectiveness of different methods of health education on attitude regarding palliative care among urban college students in southern India.

Subjects: A pre-post intervention study was conducted in three different arts, science and commerce colleges in urban Pondicherry in August 2017.

Palladium-catalyzed multicomponent reactions: an overview.

This first review on this topic focuses on the developments in the chemistry of Pd-catalyzed multi-component reactions (MCRs). MCRs are generally atom economic, ideal and eco-friendly reactions, and often the final products are generated almost without any by-products. In this review, the developments in Pd-catalyzed MCRs are categorized based on the products formed such as acyclic compounds, carbocyclic compounds, heterocyclic compounds and miscellaneous compounds.

Allosteric Regulation of Cyclin-B Binding by the Charge State of Catalytic Lysine in CDK1 Is Essential for Cell-Cycle Progression.

Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) is essential for cell-cycle progression. While dependence of CDK activity on cyclin levels is well established, molecular mechanisms that regulate their binding are less understood. Here, we report for the first time that CDK1:cyclin-B binding is not default but rather determined by the evolutionarily conserved catalytic residue, lysine-33 in CDK1.

Reliability of the ultrasound classification system of thyroid nodules in predicting malignancy.

Aim: This study aims to evaluate the reliability of the Ultrasound (U) Classification system in predicting thyroid malignancy by using pathology diagnosis as the reference standard.

Materials And Methods: It was a cross sectional study carried out at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC), Malaysia. Records of patients with focal thyroid nodules on ultrasound (US) for which US guided fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) was performed and pathology results were available, from January 2014 to May 2016 were selected for review.

Role of perfusion CT in the evaluation of adnexal masses.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of perfusion computed tomography (PCT) in differentiating benign from malignant adnexal masses. Twenty patients, each of pathologically proven malignant and benign adnexal masses who had undergone PCT on 64-slice CT scanner, were included in the study. The PCT parameters, viz.

Reliability of the ultrasound classification system of thyroid nodules in predicting malignancy.

Aim: This study aims to evaluate the reliability of the Ultrasound (U) Classification system in predicting thyroid malignancy by using pathology diagnosis as the reference standard.

Methods: It was a cross-sectional study carried out at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC), Malaysia. Records of patients with focal thyroid nodules on ultrasound (US) for which US-guided fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) was performed and pathology results were available, from January 2014 to May 2016 were selected for review.

The follow-up of post-mastectomy patients: Should the ipsilateral side be assessed with both mammogram and ultrasound?

Aim: This study aimed to determine findings of axillary view mammogram (MMG) and ultrasound (USG) of the ipsilateral side in post-mastectomy patients and to document difficulty level in performing the axillary view and patients' pain level during the procedure.

Methods: Post-mastectomy patients who had MMG and USG on follow-up during an 18-months period were included. The MMG and USG findings of 183 patients were reviewed and histology results were recorded when available.

Betulin inhibits cariogenic properties of Streptococcus mutans by targeting vicRK and gtf genes.

Streptococcus mutans, a multivirulent pathogen is considered the primary etiological agent in dental caries. Development of antibiotic resistance in the pathogen has created a need for novel antagonistic agents which can control the virulence of the organism and reduce resistance development. The present study demonstrates the in vitro anti-virulence potential of betulin (lup-20(29)-ene-3β,28-diol), an abundantly available plant triterpenoid against S.