7-ketocholesterol contributes to microglia-driven increases in astrocyte reactive oxygen species in Alzheimer's disease.

Oxidative stress is a prominent feature of Alzheimer's disease. Within this context, cholesterol undergoes oxidation, producing the pro-inflammatory product 7-ketocholesterol (7-KC). In this study, we observe elevated levels of 7-KC in the brains of the 3xTg mouse model of AD.

Varied Clinical Features and Outcomes of Autoimmune Encephalitis: A Retrospective Case Series.

Introduction: This study discusses the various clinical profiles, investigatory findings, treatment responses, and prognosticating factors in seven cases of autoimmune encephalitis (AE).

Methods: The clinical records of seven AE patients admitted to the Neurology Department, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Chennai, from July 2022 to December 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.

Results: The patients' ages ranged from 18 to 35, and all experienced seizures.

A Comprehensive Appraisal of Bisbenzylisoquinoline Alkaloids Isolated From Genus Cyclea for Anticancer Potential.

The pharmaceutical industry and academia are continuously searching for novel and effective anticancer lead compounds to ensure patient safety, provide a cure, and surpass all other obstacles. Given the indeterminate nature of cancer etiology, the importance of drugs capable of targeting multiple pathways cannot be overstated. Among naturally occurring compounds, bisbenzylisoquinoline (BBIQ) alkaloids, such as berberine, tetrandrine, chelidonine, and berbamine, have demonstrated significant anticancer potential by modulating diverse signaling pathways.

Fluorescent N-Doped Carbon Dots as a Biocompatible Sensor for Thiophanate-Methyl Detection.

An eco-friendly nitrogen-passivated carbon dot (N-CDs)-based fluorescent sensor was designed for the selective and sensitive detection of thiophanate-methyl, a widely applied fungicide in agriculture. The synthesized N-CDs exhibited robust fluorescence and remarkable photostability, which contributed to the sensor's performance. Notably, the sensor achieved a detection limit as low as 4.

Correction: A comprehensive apoptotic assessment of niloticin in cervical cancer cells: a tirucallane-type triterpenoid from (Wall.) Parker.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/D4MD00318G.].

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Conditioned Pain Modulation in Children and Young People with Chronic Pain.

Background/objectives: Conditioned pain modulation (CPM) is a psychophysical experimental measure of the endogenous pain inhibitory pathway in humans, wherein one pain stimulus (the conditioning stimulus) is used to inhibit an individual's perception of a second painful (test) stimulus. Research provides evidence of impaired endogenous inhibitory pain responses in adults with chronic pain. CPM is now increasingly applied in paediatric research and clinical practice.

Gestational Diabetes and Analysis of Maternal and Fetal Outcomes Among Pregnant Women: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Purpose Of The Study: To determine the occurrence of gestational diabetes mellitus and analyze the maternal and fetal outcomes among pregnant women.

Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted for a duration of 7 months in the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics at tertiary care hospital where 518 pregnant women participants of age above 18 years who had come for labor and undergone DIPSI (diabetes in pregnancy study of India) test were included in the study after the ethical clearance and obtaining written informed consent, whereas pregnant women with pre-existing diabetes mellitus and on other medication that alter glucose metabolism were excluded from the study.

Results: The occurrence of GDM was found to be 15.

Visible-light enhanced tetracycline degradation via SnO/TiO-Ni@rGO ternary heterostructures.

This study explores the synthesis, characterization, and photocatalytic performance of a SnO/TiO-Ni@rGO nanocomposite for tetracycline (TC) degradation under visible light irradiation. The nanocomposite was precisely designed to enhance structural stability, charge transfer efficiency, and catalytic activity. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the structural integrity of the SnO/TiO-Ni@rGO composite, demonstrating excellent reusability and resistance to photo-corrosion after multiple cycles.

Implementation of standardized feeding pathways for infants with gastroschisis to improve patient outcomes: A quality improvement project in a level IV surgical NICU.

Gastroschisis is a leading cause of pediatric intestinal failure. Feeding guidelines may lead to improved patient outcomes including decreased time to reach full feeds, a reduction in the duration of parenteral nutrition, and reduced length of stay. However, there is limited evidence on what the ideal feeding guidelines are for this complex gastrointestinal diagnosis.

Exploring apoptotic induction of malabaricone A in triple-negative breast cancer cells: an acylphenol phyto-entity isolated from the fruit rind of Lam.

Lam., commonly known as Malabar nutmeg or false nutmeg, is used in traditional medicine and as a spice. Our exploration focuses on malabaricones, a distinct group of secondary metabolites isolated from the fruit rind of .

A comprehensive apoptotic assessment of niloticin in cervical cancer cells: a tirucallane-type triterpenoid from (Wall.) Parker.

Pharmacologically active small organic molecules derived from natural resources are prominent drug candidates due to their inherent structural diversity. Herein, we explored one such bioactive molecule, niloticin, which is a tirucallane-type triterpenoid isolated from the stem barks of (Wall.) Parker.

Methodological approaches in developing and implementing digital health interventions amongst underserved women.

Background: Minority populations are utilizing mobile health applications more frequently to access health information. One group that may benefit from using mHealth technology is underserved women, specifically those on community supervision.

Objective: Discuss methodological approaches for navigating digital health strategies to address underserved women's health disparities.

Differences in Health Care and Palliative Care Use at the End of Life: A Comparison Study Among Lung Cancer, COPD, and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.

Background: Patients with lung cancer, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and COPD have high symptom burden, poor quality of life, and high health care use at the end of life. Although proactive integration of palliative care in lung cancer can improve outcomes, it is unclear whether similar practices have been adopted in COPD and IPF care.

Research Question: Do patients with COPD and IPF have different patterns of health care and palliative care use at the end of life compared with patients with lung cancer?

Study Design And Methods: We retrospectively identified deceased patients with lung cancer, COPD, or IPF with ≥ 1 outpatient visit at the University of California, San Francisco, in the last 6 months of life.

A Bi-Institutional Study of Gastrointestinal and Hepatic Manifestations in Children With Hamartoma Tumor Syndrome.

Background And Aims: hamartoma tumor syndrome (PHTS) confers a high risk of specific cancers and is the most common genetic cause of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Gastrointestinal (GI) phenotypes in PHTS are poorly characterized in children. Thus, we aimed to characterize the GI and hepatic manifestations in children with PHTS and to investigate genotype-phenotype associations.

Fluorometric detection of copper and imidacloprid using nitrogen-doped graphitic carbon dots: A promising method for environmental monitoring.

Pesticides in environmental samples pose significant risks to ecosystems and human health since they require precise and efficient detection methods. Imidacloprid (IMI), a widely used neonicotinoid insecticide, exemplifies these hazards due to its potential toxicity. This study addresses the urgent need for improved monitoring of such contaminants by introducing a novel fluorometric method for detecting IMI using nitrogen-doped graphite carbon dots (N-GCDs).

Sustainable synthesis of fluorescent polymer carbon dots@PVA for sensitive chlortetracycline detection.

Antibiotic residues persist in the environment and represent serious health hazards; thus, it is important to develop sensitive and effective detection techniques. This paper presents a bio-inspired way to make water-soluble fluorescent polymer carbon dots (PCDs@PVA) by heating biomass precursors and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) together. For example, the synthesized PCDs@PVA are very stable with enhanced emission intensity.

Galectin 3-binding protein (LGALS3BP) depletion attenuates hepatic fibrosis by reducing transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) availability and inhibits hepatocarcinogenesis.

Background: Increased Galectin 3-binding protein (LGALS3BP) serum levels have been used to assess hepatic fibrosis stages and the severity of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Considering the crucial role of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in the emergence of these diseases, the present study tested the hypothesis that LGALS3BP regulates the TGF-β1 signaling pathway.

Methods: The expression levels of LGALS3BP and TGFB1 were analyzed in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) and HCC.

A Flagellin-Adjuvanted Trivalent Mucosal Vaccine Targeting Key Periodontopathic Bacteria.

Periodontal disease (PD) is caused by microbial dysbiosis and accompanying adverse inflammatory responses. Due to its high incidence and association with various systemic diseases, disease-modifying treatments that modulate dysbiosis serve as promising therapeutic approaches. In this study, to simulate the pathophysiological situation, we established a "temporary ligature plus oral infection model" that incorporates a temporary silk ligature and oral infection with a cocktail of live (), (), and () in mice and tested the efficacy of a new trivalent mucosal vaccine.

A survey of the prevalence and patterns of neuropsychological assessment practices across epilepsy surgery centers in India: Toward establishing a national guideline.

Neuropsychology plays an important role in optimizing epilepsy management, but there are no practice guidelines for low- and middle-income countries with emerging services. The National Epilepsy Surgery Support Activity Network (NESSAN), a national working group that supports and optimizes epilepsy surgery programs in India, explored the present status of pre- and post epilepsy surgery neuropsychological assessment practices across India as an initial step in developing national evidence-based test guidelines. An online survey was conducted using two questionnaires, one for neurologists and the second for neuropsychologists and speech-language pathologists working in epilepsy surgery centers.

A quantitative study to assess cardiovascular risks among older African American women living in rural black belt areas of Alabama.

Limited information is available regarding the knowledge of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) risk factors and the actual risk behaviors among African American (AA) older women living in rural areas of Alabama. A pilot study of needs assessment for CVD prevention behaviors was conducted to collect such data from rural AA women. This paper reports the quantitative part of the needs assessment of this pilot study.

Leveraging digital health technologies in heart failure self-care interventions to improve health equity.

For patients with heart failure, self-care is crucial, but recommendations for self-care are often not adhered to. Digital health interventions have the potential to help patients improve their self-care and, ultimately, their health outcomes, but without careful examination, digital interventions may generate further inequality. In this study, we use a digital health equity framework to examine challenges and opportunities related to digital health interventions across many domains of influence that may affect health equity.

Natural Prenylflavones from the Stem Bark of : Promising Anticancer Agents for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Targeting the Akt/mTOR/STAT-3 Signaling Pathway.

Artonin E (AA2) and artobiloxanthone (AA3) were extracted and purified from the acetone extract of the stem bark of (Parkinson) Fosberg. Preliminary investigations of both candidates revealed promising cytotoxic effects in oral cancer cells. Moreover, these candidates modulated the expression of pivotal proteins linked to oral cancer progression, eliciting apoptosis through caspase-3 and caspase-9 activation.

Social marketing and the challenges of participant recruitment.

Recruitment of research participants often has not obtained a desired sample size, thereby becoming a major problem inhibiting investigators' ability to adequately test the specified hypotheses. Social marketing with its four Ps, originally developed by the business world to sell products and adapted for public health initiatives, is proposed as a dynamic comprehensive conceptual framework to apply marketing principles and practices to enhance participant recruitment. Applying a social marketing approach to research recruitment would require initial investigation to understand the motivations of the target audience in regard to research participation, and continued research throughout the main project to adapt the recruitment efforts as limitations arise.