Creating a more positive patient experience of pelvic examination.

Purpose: To explore through descriptive comparative analysis an alternative method of pelvic examination to increase patient comfort.

Data Sources: Sixty-two participants were recruited from a convenience sample of patients at an ambulatory women's healthcare clinic operated by a teaching hospital in the Southwest United States. Twenty-five were examined using the conventional pelvic examination technique; 37 with a new technique that we call the Rad technique, named after a co-author of the study.

Bovine salmonellosis in northeast of Iran: frequency, genetic fingerprinting and antimicrobial resistance patterns of Salmonella spp.

Objective: To evaluate serovar and antimicrobial resistance patterns of Salmonella spp isolated from healthy, diseased and necropsied cows and calves in this observational study.

Methods: Nineteen isolates recovered from feces and tissues of salmonellosis-affected animals of two commercial farms in north-east of Iran. In second part of the study, the two farms were sampled 4 times with an interval of 2 month.

Ph3P/CCl4 as a highly efficient reagent for one-pot N-alkylation of sulfonamides from alcohols: a rapid route to N-alkyl sulfonamides synthesis.

A mild, efficient, and selective protocol for the one-pot N-alkylation of sulfonamides with alcohols using triphenylphosphine and carbon tetrachloride is described. In this method, treatment of alcohols with a mixture of triphenylphosphine, carbon tetrachloride, and potassium sulfonylamide salts in refluxing anhydrous DMF furnishes the corresponding N-alkyl sulfonamides in good to excellent yields. This protocol is highly efficient for various structurally diverse alcohols and potassium sulfonylamide salts.

Satisfaction levels about hospital wards' environment among adolescents hospitalized in adult wards vs. pediatric ones.

Background: Adolescents admitted to hospital are either surrounded by children or adults. However, age-appropriate facilities are often not provided to meet the needs of adolescents, which should be incorporated in the wards. This study compares the satisfaction level about physical environment of the wards among adolescents who have been admitted to pediatric and adult wards.

Prevalence of toothache and associated factors: a population-based study in southeast iran.

Introduction: This study was carried out to estimate toothache prevalence among adult residents in Kerman.

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional, population-based study was conducted among individuals aged over 18 years (n=1800). The relevant data on the prevalence of toothache and associated factors were collected by interviewing the individuals in their homes and filling out a questionnaire designed by the examiners.

Survey of Migratory Birds (Anatidae: Anas platyrhynchos) for Schistosome Parasites from Mazandaran Province, Northern Iran.

Background: The aim of the present study was to survey birds' schistosomes in migratory birds (Anatidae: Anas platyrhynchos) which are the source of the disease in Mazandaran Province, Northern Iran.

Methods: A number of mallards were bought from the markets of hunted birds. The respiratory tracts (nasal mucosa) and intestinal blood vessels were studied for adult worms.

Length of dsRNA (poly I:C) drives distinct innate immune responses, depending on the cell type.

Poly I:C, a synthetic dsRNA analogue, has been used extensively for decades to study innate responses in vivo and in different cell types. We have found substantial variability while using poly I:C from different sources. In this study we found that poly I:C from 2 commercial sources induced sharply opposite responses in myeloid and fibroblasts, depending on the length of the poly I:C.

Occurrence of trichoepithelioma in a cat: Histopathologic and immunohistochemical study.

Trichoepitheliomas are benign follicular appendage tumors with differentiation to all three segments of the hair follicle. A 2 years old female domestic short hair cat presented with a mass on the tail. The mass was surgically excised and for histopathologic and immunohistochemical studies, was sent to Department of Pathology.

Aged-look vat dyed cotton with anti-bacterial/anti-fungal properties by treatment with nano clay and enzymes.

In this research, nanotechnology as a route to functional finishing of textiles was used along with bio-finishing to enhance the cotton fabrics performance. For this purpose, quaternary modified montmorillonite and common enzymes such as cellulase, laccase and their mixture were applied on vat dyed cotton fabric. Characteristic analysis of the treated samples and the dispersed nano clays in the effluent of the treatment was performed by various analyzing methods.

Tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of single-dose almorexant, an orexin receptor antagonist, in healthy elderly subjects.

Sleep disorders are common in the elderly population. Orexin receptor antagonism has been proposed as a new sleep-enabling approach to treat insomnia. The tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of ascending single doses of almorexant, a dual orexin receptor antagonist, were investigated in healthy elderly male and female subjects.

Survey of dermatological conditions in a population of domestic dogs in Mashhad, northeast of Iran (2007-2011).

university small animal clinic, 1299 Iranian domestic dogs presented from September 2007 through March 2011 to the Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Veterinary Teaching Hospital, were examined. Dermatological disorders were noted in 17.00% (221/1299) of all the dogs examined.

Fabrication of a PVC membrane samarium(III) sensor based on N,N',N"-tris(4-pyridyl)trimesic amide as a selectophore.

A new ion-selective electrode for Sm(3+) ion is described based on the incorporation of N,N',N"-tris(4-pyridyl)trimesic amide (TPTA) in a poly(vinylchloride) (PVC) matrix. The membrane sensor comprises nitrobenzene (NB) as a plasticizer, and oleic acid (OA) as an anionic additive. The sensor with the optimized composition shows a Nernstian potential response of 19.

The base-free chemoselective ring opening of epoxides with carboxylic acids using [bmim]Br: a rapid entry into 1,2-diol mono-esters synthesis.

A facile and highly convenient base-free protocol for the chemoselective preparation of 1,2-diol mono-esters is described. In this method, the regioselective ring opening of epoxides with carboxylic acids in the presence of [bmim]Br furnishes the corresponding 1,2-diol mono-esters in excellent yields. This method is efficient for various structurally diverse epoxides and carboxylic acids and it can be efficiently applied for the scale up synthesis of 1,2-diol mono-esters in reasonable to good yields.

Evaluating the effects of extended cold ischemia on interstitial metabolite in grafts in kidney transplantation using microdialysis.

Purpose: During kidney transplantation (KTx), the length of cold ischemia time (CIT) and the subsequent changes in energy metabolism may lead to variations in interstitial metabolites. Using microdialysis (MD), we evaluated the effects of a short and long CIT on changes of these metabolites.

Methods: Sixteen pigs were randomized in two identical groups, one with a short CIT and the other one with a long CIT.

Increased impact of a contraceptive vaginal ring with ethinyl estradiol and nestorone on C-reactive protein.

Unlabelled: OBJECTIVE & STUDY DESIGN: In a parallel design, 23 and 22 healthy pre-menopausal women were randomly administered a contraceptive vaginal ring (CVR) delivering 150/15 μg Nestorone®/ethinyl estradiol (EE) daily or an oral contraceptive (OC) containing levonorgestrel and EE (150/30 μg) for three cycles, to compare the effects on C-reactive protein and other markers of inflammation. ANCOVA was performed with baseline values as covariate.

Results: The CVR caused [estimate of difference (95% CI), 109% (16-275%)] higher levels of CRP than the OC, while no difference was observed for leukocyte 1% (-13/+17%) and monocyte counts 6% (-9/+23%).

The pattern of injury and poisoning in South East Iran.

Background: Injury is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and even more so in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). Iran is a LMIC and lacks information regarding injury for program and policy purposes. This study aimed to describe the incidence and patterns of injury in one province in South Eastern Iran.

Spontaneous perforation of common bile duct in a pediatric patient: application of hepatobiliary scintigraphy.

We report a case of spontaneous biliary perforation in a 21-month old female pediatric patient with the presenting symptoms of abdominal distension, jaundice, and umbilical hernia. Hepatobiliary scintigraphy showed tracer accumulation in the peritoneal cavity. Preliminary diagnosis of spontaneous biliary perforation was confirmed during surgery.

Comparison of the Application of Allogeneic Fibroblast and Autologous Mesh Grafting With the Conventional Method in the Treatment of Third-Degree Burns.

Wound healing is a multipart process involving different cell types and growth factors. Third-degree burns are usually treated by early excision and skin grafting. Tissue engineering has been developed in this field in response to limitations associated with autografts.

Laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy in a patient with micro-invasive cervical cancer after two liver transplantations.

Background: Advances in surgical techniques and immunosuppressive therapy have improved graft survival in transplant recipients. However, intense long-term immunosuppression increases the incidence of cancer in these patients compared with the general population, not least because of viral infections. Cervical cancer is the third most common malignancy worldwide.

Discriminant analysis of the metabolic effects of a new combined contraceptive vaginal ring containing Nestorone/EE vs. a second-generation oral contraceptive containing levonorgestrel/EE.

Background: Discriminant analysis (DA) was performed on data of two combined hormonal contraceptives (CHC) differing in estrogen ratio to explore whether a combination of variables rather than a single variable distinguishes CHCs better.

Study Design: Data were used of a parallel study in premenopausal women treated for three cycles (21 days on, 7 days off) with a contraceptive vaginal ring delivering Nestorone and ethinyl estradiol (EE) or an oral contraceptive containing levonorgestrel and EE. DA was performed on the change from baseline (CFB) and the end-of-treatment values at 3 months for lipids, sex-hormone binding globulin (SHBG), C-reactive protein, angiotensinogen, blood pressure and hemostasis variables, and on the hemostasis variables only.

Xerostomia after radiotherapy and its effect on quality of life in head and neck cancer patients.

Background: Xerostomia is one of the one complications following radiotherapy that can affect quality of life (QoL). This study aims to assess the severity of xerostomia in patients with head and neck cancers after radiotherapy and its effect on QoL.

Methods: In this longitudinal prospective study, the severity of xerostomia and related QoL were was assessed in 63 head and neck cancer patients who referred to the Radiotherapy Ward.

Trend in dental research output in Iran over a period of 20 years (1990-2009).

Introduction: The number of scientific papers is a conventional metric for the measurement of a country's research performance in a particular area.

Objective: To evaluate the trend in Iranian publications of dental research results in peer-reviewed international scientific journals over the period 1999-2009, using national and international databases, and to compare the results with other countries.

Methods: The search process was performed by two independent persons in PubMed and Iranian Medline (IranMedex).

Early detection of metabolic changes using microdialysis during and after experimental kidney transplantation in a porcine model.

Background: Microdialysis (MD) can detect organ-related metabolic changes before they become measurable in plasma through the biochemical parameters. This study aims to evaluate the early detection of metabolic changes during experimental kidney transplantation (KTx).

Material And Methods: During preparation of 8 donor kidneys, one MD catheter was inserted in the renal cortex and samples were collected.