Identification of new reference genes with stable expression patterns for cell cycle experiments in human leukemia cell lines.

Cell cycle-dependent gene expression analysis is particularly important as numerous genes show tightly regulated expression patterns at different phases of the cell cycle. For cancer cells, analysis of cell cycle-related events is of paramount significance since tumorigenesis is characteristically coupled to cell cycle perturbations. RT-qPCR is a highly sensitive technique to investigate cell cycle-dependent transcriptional regulation.

Estrogen-regulated lateral septal kisspeptin neurons abundantly project to GnRH neurons and the hypothalamic supramammillary nucleus.

While hypothalamic kisspeptin (KP) neurons play well-established roles in the estrogen-dependent regulation of reproduction, little is known about extrahypothalamic KP-producing (KP) neurons of the lateral septum. As established previously, expression in this region is low and regulated by estrogen receptor- and GABA receptor-dependent mechanisms. Our present experiments on knock-in mice revealed that transgene expression in the LS begins at P33-36 in females and P40-45 in males and is stimulated by estrogen receptor signaling.

Three-Dimensional Speckle-Tracking Echocardiography-Derived Tricuspid Annular Properties in Acromegaly-Results from the MAGYAR-Path Study.

Introduction: Acromegaly is an endocrine pathology characterized by the overproduction of human growth hormone. The present study aimed to analyze three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (3DSTE)-derived tricuspid annular (TA) properties in detail in patients with acromegaly and to compare the findings to those of matched healthy controls.

Methods: The present study consisted of 29 patients with acromegaly (mean age: 55.

Right ventricular longitudinal shortening and right atrial volumes are not associated in healthy adults-detailed analysis from the three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiographic MAGYAR-Healthy Study.

Background: There is a close relationship between volumes of the right atrium (RA) and dimensions and derived functional sphincter-like features of the tricuspid annulus (TA). However, its relation to longitudinal TA motion is not clear, which can even be considered to be a characteristic of the longitudinal shortening of the right ventricle (RV) and represented by TA plane systolic excursion (TAPSE). Therefore, the aim of this cohort study was to perform a detailed analysis of the relationship of three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (3DSTE)-derived RA volumes and RV longitudinal shortening in healthy individuals.

Characterization of dUTPase expression in mouse postnatal development and adult neurogenesis.

The enzyme dUTPase has an essential role in maintaining genomic integrity. In mouse, nuclear and mitochondrial isoforms of the enzyme have been described. Here we present the isoform-specific mRNA expression levels in different murine organs during development using RT-qPCR.

Autopsy findings in cancer patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 show a milder presentation of COVID-19 compared to non-cancer patients.

COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, manifests with differing severity across distinct patient subgroups, with outcomes influenced by underlying comorbidities such as cancer, which may cause functional and compositional alterations of the immune system during tumor progression. We aimed to investigate the association of SARS-CoV-2 infection and its complications with cancer in a large autopsy series and the role of COVID-19 in the fatal sequence leading to death. A total of 2641 adult autopsies were investigated, 539 of these were positive for SARS-CoV-2.

Cervical Nerve Root Block Using a Curved Blunt Needle and Posterior Approach.

Background: Cervical transforaminal epidural steroid injections have become less popular due to the risk of catastrophic complications they pose. However, cervical nerve root blocks are useful for surgical planning in patients with cervical radicular pain syndromes.

Objectives: Our aim was to find a method of performing cervical selective nerve root blocks that removed the risk of catastrophic complications.

The Relationship between Tricuspid Annular Longitudinal and Sphincter-like Features of Its Function in Healthy Adults: Insights from the MAGYAR-Healthy Study.

Introduction: The tricuspid valve is an atrioventricular valve located on the right side of the heart, which consists of the fibrous tricuspid annulus (TA), three valvular leaflets and a supporting apparatus, the papillary muscles and the tendinous chords. The TA is an oval-shaped three-dimensional (3D) fibrous structure with a complex spatial movement during the cardiac cycle. Three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) could help during "en-face" assessment of TA dimensions and related functional properties featuring its "sphincter-like" function.

A Morphometric Study Analyzing the Anterior Epidural Space Volume Throughout Childhood.

Background: Following disc herniations, fragments migrate into the anterior epidural space within the lumbar spine. Although the volume of this area has been previously described in the adult population, the volume is relatively unknown within children.

Objectives: Investigate the relative volume in the lumbar anterior epidural space within the growing spine by using imaging studies.

Fulminant Cervical Epidural Hematomas: Why Do They Happen, How Can We Minimize Their Occurrence, and What Can We Do When They Do Occur? A Perspective.

Background: Epidural hematomas after appropriately performed cervicothoracic interlaminar epidural injections have been associated with the rapid onset of neurological symptoms and devastating outcomes, despite prompt identification and treatment. Anticoagulation issues were initially felt to be the problem, but the occurrence of fulminant hematomas in patients without coagulation forced a reassessment of the causes and responses to this problem.

Objectives: To evaluate why fulminant epidural hematomas occur after cervicothoracic epidural injections, with a literature review to survey knowledge about them in the surgical literature, and to offer comments as to what the interventional pain physician can do to minimize their occurrence.

Tricuspid annular and right atrial volume changes are associated in healthy adults-insights from the three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiographic MAGYAR-Healthy Study.

Introduction: The tricuspid valve and its annulus (TA) and the right atrium (RA) play a significant role in regulating blood flow in the right heart. However, their effect on each other is not fully understood even in normal circumstances. Three-dimensional (3D) speckle-tracking echocardiography (3DSTE) is able to simultaneously assess TA and RA at the same time in a non-invasive way.

Strong desmin immunoreactivity in the myocardial sleeves around pulmonary veins, superior caval vein and coronary sinus supports the presumed arrhythmogenicity of these regions.

Myocardial sleeve around human pulmonary veins plays a critical role in the pathomechanism of atrial fibrillation. Besides the well-known arrhythmogenicity of these veins, there is evidence that myocardial extensions into caval veins and coronary sinus may exhibit similar features. However, studies investigating histologic properties of these structures are limited.

Chlorotoxin binds to both matrix metalloproteinase 2 and neuropilin 1.

Chlorotoxin (CTX), a scorpion venom-derived 36-residue miniprotein, binds to and is taken up selectively by glioblastoma cells. Previous studies provided controversial results concerning target protein(s) of CTX. These included CLC3 chloride channel, matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2), regulators of MMP-2, annexin A2, and neuropilin 1 (NRP1).

Discovery of two new isoforms of the human DUT gene.

In human cells two dUTPase isoforms have been described: one nuclear (DUT-N) and one mitochondrial (DUT-M), with cognate localization signals. In contrast, here we identified two additional isoforms; DUT-3 without any localization signal and DUT-4 with the same nuclear localization signal as DUT-N. Based on an RT-qPCR method for simultaneous isoform-specific quantification we analysed the relative expression patterns in 20 human cell lines of highly different origins.

Mitral and Tricuspid Annular Abnormalities in Hypereosinophilic Syndrome-Insights from the Three-Dimensional Speckle-Tracking Echocardiographic MAGYAR-Path Study.

Background: Hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is a peripheral eosinophilia characterized by elevated absolute eosinophil cell count ( 1.500 cells/ L) and consequent tissue and end-organ damage. Our aim was to evaluate the mitral annular (MA) and/or tricuspid annular (TA) parameters of patients with HES and to determine whether there are any changes in these parameters compared to healthy individuals.

Proteome alterations in human autopsy tissues in relation to time after death.

Protein expression is a primary area of interest for routine histological diagnostics and tissue-based research projects, but the limitations of its post-mortem applicability remain largely unclear. On the other hand, tissue specimens obtained during autopsies can provide unique insight into advanced disease states, especially in cancer research. Therefore, we aimed to identify the maximum post-mortem interval (PMI) which is still suitable for characterizing protein expression patterns, to explore organ-specific differences in protein degradation, and to investigate whether certain proteins follow specific degradation kinetics.

[Multimodality imaging of adult patients with surgically corrected tetralogy of Fallot. Results from the CSONGRAD Registry].

Introduction: There is an increasing ratio of surviving patients with congenital heart disease including tetralogy of Fallot.

Objective: The aim of the present study was a comparative assessment of echocardiographic and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging-derived findings in patients with tetralogy of Fallot following early total reconstruction versus early palliation/late correction.

Methods: The study comprised 17 patients with tetralogy of Fallot (mean age: 28.

Normal reference values of tricuspid annular dimensions and functional properties in healthy adults using three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (insights from the MAGYAR-Healthy Study).

Background: Three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (3DSTE) is a relatively new non-invasive imaging modality with ability for simultaneous chamber quantifications and determination of valvular dimensions. The aim of the present retrospective cohort study was to determine normal reference values of 3DSTE-derived tricuspid annular (TA) dimensions and functional properties and to evaluate their age- and gender dependency.

Methods: The present study comprised 156 healthy adult subjects, from which 28 cases were excluded due to inferior image quality, therefore the remaining group consisted of 128 cases with the mean age of 35.

Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin): Its Fate from Ingestion to Metabolism with Particular Emphasis on Diagnostic Approaches of Acquired Neonatal/Infantile Deficiency Detected by Newborn Screening.

Acquired vitamin B12 (vB12) deficiency (vB12D) of newborns is relatively frequent as compared with the incidence of inherited diseases included in newborn screening (NBS) of different countries across the globe. Infants may present signs of vB12D before 6 months of age with anemia and/or neurologic symptoms when not diagnosed in asymptomatic state. The possibility of identifying vitamin deficient mothers after their pregnancy during the breastfeeding period could be an additional benefit of the newborn screening.

Identification of potential interferents of methylmalonic acid: A previously unrecognized pitfall in clinical diagnostics and newborn screening.

Objectives: Determination of methylmalonic acid (MMA) from dried blood spots (DBS) is commonly performed in clinical diagnostics and newborn screening for propionic acidemia (PA) and methylmalonic acidemia. Isobaric compounds of MMA having the same mass can affect diagnostic reliability and quantitative results, which represents a previously unrecognized pitfall in clinical assays for MMA. We set out to identify interfering substances of MMA in DBS, serum and urine samples from confirmed patients with PA and methylmalonic acidemia.

Screening for Myocardial Injury after Mild SARS-CoV-2 Infection with Advanced Transthoracic Echocardiography Modalities.

Although the clinical manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 viral infection affect mainly the respiratory system, cardiac complications are common and are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. While echocardiographic alterations indicating myocardial involvement are widely reported in patients hospitalized for acute COVID-19 infection, much fewer data available in non-hospitalized, mildly symptomatic COVID-19 patients. In our work, we aimed to investigate subclinical cardiac alterations characterized by parameters provided by advanced echocardiographic techniques following mild SARS-CoV-2 viral infection.

Tricuspid Annular Abnormalities in Isolated Left Ventricular Non-compaction-Insights From the Three-dimensional Speckle-Tracking Echocardiographic MAGYAR-Path Study.

Introduction: Prominent trabecular left ventricular (LV) meshwork and deep intertrabecular LV recesses are featuring LV non-compaction (LVNC). The aim of this study was to evaluate tricuspid annular (TA) morphological and functional abnormalities by three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (3DSTE) in patients with LVNC without right ventricular (RV) involvement.

Materials And Methods: This study consisted of 21 patients with isolated LVNC, from which 6 cases were excluded due to inferior image quality.

The tricuspid annulus in amyloidosis with cardiac involvement: Detailed analysis from the three-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiographic MAGYAR-Path Study.

Introduction: Amyloidosis is a rare condition due to extracellular deposition of excessive amount of protein in parenchymal tissues including the heart. The present study aimed to test whether cardiac amyloidosis (CA) is associated with morphological and functional abnormalities of the tricuspid annulus (TA). For this aim, the results of patients having CA were compared to age- and gender-matched healthy controls by three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (3DSTE).