Rethinking how mobile units can catalyze progress on lung cancer screening: a scoping review of what we have learned.

Background: Despite United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendations, low uptake of lung cancer screening (LCS) highlights the need for measures to promote adoption. This scoping review aims to outline the global landscape of mobile low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) platforms, summarizing research and evaluating efficacy in screening at-risk populations.

Methods: We comprehensively searched Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science for articles published between 2017 and 2023.

A 72-Year-Old Man With Innumerable Bilateral Pulmonary Nodules After Lung Transplantation.

A 72-year-old man who underwent bilateral orthotropic lung transplantation for interstitial lung disease 6 months ago presented to the clinic with a 2-week history of cough, shortness of breath, and mid-back pain. The donor was negative for cytomegalovirus (CMV) and positive for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and the recipient was positive for both CMV and EBV. He also reported headaches but denied any fever, chills, weight loss, night sweats, chest pain, orthopnea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, or leg swelling.

Participation in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Clinical Trials in the United States by Race/Ethnicity.

Introduction: Despite efforts by Cancer Centers and community organizations to increase diversity in clinical trials, significant racial/ethnic disparities remain. Given the high mortality rates in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), it is important to increase diversity in NSCLC trials, ensuring all patients benefit from advances in new treatment modalities.

Materials And Methods: We evaluated the distribution of racial/ethnic minority enrollment in NSCLC clinical trials using data from ClinicalTrials.

Predicting Primary Graft Dysfunction in Lung Transplantation: Machine Learning-Guided Biomarker Discovery.

Background –: There is an urgent need to better understand the pathophysiology of primary graft dysfunction (PGD) so that point-of-care methods can be developed to predict those at risk. Here we utilize a multiplex multivariable approach to define cytokine, chemokines, and growth factors in patient-matched biospecimens from multiple biological sites to identify factors predictive of PGD.

Methods –: Biospecimens were collected from patients undergoing bilateral LTx from three distinct sites: donor lung perfusate, post-transplant bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid (2h), and plasma (2h and 24h).

Extended perioperative use of the ProtekDuo cannula for drainage in central venopulmonary-aortic ECMO for bilateral orthotopic lung transplantation.

We present the case of a 24-year-old female who was supported with ProtekDuo cannula with variations of venopulmonary (VP) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. The patient was cannulated for acute respiratory distress syndrome and she underwent bilateral orthotopic lung transplantation. This is the first report of the ProtekDuo cannula as a drainage cannula in central (dl)VP-/AO ECMO for 5 days.

Conversion technique from venovenous to venopulmonary ECMO support.

We present the cannulation technique for venopulmonary extracorporeal membrane oxygenation using the ProtekDuo dual-lumen cannula in a patient who, after a bilateral orthotopic lung transplant and coronavirus disease 2019 infection, was converted from a multisite venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation configuration, using the same vessel.

MerTK-dependent efferocytosis by monocytic-MDSCs mediates resolution of ischemia/reperfusion injury after lung transplant.

Lung transplantation (LTx) outcomes are impeded by ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) and subsequent chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD). We examined the undefined role of receptor Mer tyrosine kinase (MerTK) on monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (M-MDSCs) in efferocytosis to facilitate resolution of lung IRI. Single-cell RNA sequencing of lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) from patients after LTx were analyzed.

A rare case of spontaneous hemoperitoneum in a bone marrow transplant recipient on VV-ECMO.

A 53-year-old man with acute myeloid leukemia received an allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) from a matched unrelated donor. One month after his transplantation, he developed ARDS requiring initiation of VV-ECMO. He suffered from pancytopenia, managed with frequent transfusions, granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) and weekly thrombopoietin receptor agonist.

Outcome of Veno-Pulmonary Extracorporeal Life Support in Lung Transplantation Using ProtekDuo Cannula: A Systematic Review and Description of Configurations.

Refractory end-stage pulmonary failure may benefit from extracorporeal life support (ECLS) as a bridge to lung transplantation. Veno-venous (VV) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been recommended for patients who have failed conventional medical therapy and mechanical ventilation. Veno-arterial (VA) ECMO may be used in patients with acute right ventricular (RV) failure, haemodynamic instability, or refractory respiratory failure.

Venovenous ECMO for Acute Chronic Heart Failure after Bilateral Lung Transplantation.

Venovenous (VV) ECMO is rarely used during decompensated circulatory states. Although VA ECMO is the routine option, VV ECMO may be an option in selected patients. We present a case of pulmonary edema due to acute heart failure in a patient 4- and 12-year post-lung transplantation who received VV ECMO.

Double lung en bloc procurement and back table separation of lungs.

Donor organ recovery techniques have improved with novel preservation solutions, implementation of advanced preservation systems and machine perfusion. However, surgical techniques for organ procurement have not changed. In this video tutorial, we have outlined key steps in double lung en bloc organ recovery, including introduction of pulmonoplegia, pulmonectomy en bloc and separation of the two single-lung blocks.

Novel Use of Ivabradine for Persistent Sinus Tachycardia in a Patient on Extracorporeal Life Support With Right Ventricular Dysfunction.

Persistent sinus tachycardia (pST) has been associated with adverse cardiovascular events in critically ill patients. Pharmacological control of heart rate with negative inotropic agents has proven to be safe but could be potentially dangerous in patients with concomitant right ventricular (RV) dysfunction. Ivabradine, a medication devoid of negative inotropy, could be a potentially safe solution for this patient population when adequate heart rate control is desired.

Concurrent veno-pulmonary extracorporeal membrane oxygenation cannulation with ProtekDuo parallel to an in situ veno-pulmonary single-lumen cannula.

This technical report describes the successful transition from dual lumen, single site veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation ((dl)V-V ECMO) to single lumen, dual site veno-pulmonary (V-P) ECMO, and subsequently to dual lumen, single site (dl)V-P ECMO involving temporary placement of two cannulas in the main pulmonary artery. No complications were observed during these transitions. This technique could address concerns related to cannula exchanges in VP ECMO.

Bilateral orthotopic lung transplant via a clamshell thoracosternotomy from a donor with extended cold static lung preservation.

In this video tutorial, we present a comprehensive step-by-step operative technique for a bilateral orthotopic lung transplant using a bilateral transverse thoracosternotomy in a patient with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis lung disease. The donor lungs were exposed to extended cold static ischaemic storage at 10° C for the semi-elective operation.

A case report of a lung transplant recipient receiving belatacept in combination with low dose tacrolimus complicated by progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.

Belatacept is a novel T-cell costimulation blockade agent that has unresolved controversy in lung transplant recipients. Belatacept has been recognized as a calcineurin sparing agent for solid organ transplant recipients after reported success in renal transplant patients, despite limited evidence in other transplant recipients. We present the first case of a lung transplant recipient receiving Belatacept, in combination with low dose calcineurin inhibitor, who developed progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.

Dual lumen venopulmonary extracorporeal membrane oxygenation cannulation technique using the ProtekDuo.

In this video tutorial, we present the cannulation technique for venopulmonary extracorporeal membrane oxygenation using the ProtekDuo dual-lumen cannula in a patient with acute respiratory distress syndrome.

MerTK-dependent efferocytosis by monocytic-MDSCs mediates resolution of post-lung transplant injury.

Rationale: Patients with end stage lung diseases require lung transplantation (LTx) that can be impeded by ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) leading to subsequent chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) and inadequate outcomes.

Objectives: We examined the undefined role of MerTK (receptor Mer tyrosine kinase) on monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (M-MDSCs) in efferocytosis (phagocytosis of apoptotic cells) to facilitate resolution of lung IRI.

Methods: Single-cell RNA sequencing of lung tissue and BAL from post-LTx patients was analyzed.

Thoracoliths in Pleural Space Mimicking Lung Cancer: A Case Report.

Pulmonary nodules often present a diagnostic challenge due to their diverse etiology, ranging from benign to malignant conditions. We discuss the diagnostic journey of a 71-year-old female patient with a history of kidney stones, who was incidentally found to have a pleural-based pulmonary nodule during a CT urogram. Subsequent imaging showed nodule growth, prompting further investigations, including a PET/CT scan and CT-guided biopsy, which yielded inconclusive results.

Intralobar pulmonary sequestration presenting as recurrent left lower lobe pneumonia.

This case discusses the diagnosis and management of pulmonary sequestration. Typically discovered incidentally on imaging, it can be a cause of recurrent pulmonary infections causing severe morbidity to the patient. Surgical management is indicated when found to prevent the complications of recurrent infections, including pulmonary necrosis, abscess, or fistula formation.