What exactly is catatonia in children and adolescents.

The current study is a review of the literature on catatonia syndrome with focus on children and adolescent's specificity. Previous catatonia conceptualizations were significantly modified in the newest classification systems. Catatonia may be considered either a separate syndrome or a specifier of the course of other psychiatric disorders.

Self-injury - placement in mental disorders classifications, risk factors and primary mechanisms. Review of the literature.

Self-injury is a common phenomenon among adolescents and young adults, however its prevalence in clinical population is estimated at 40-80%, especially in regard to patients during puberty. Symptoms usually appear between 12th and 14th year of age, and their average duration is approx. 2 years.

Bone mineralization and densitometric evaluation of vertebral fractures in women 6-21 years after the onset of anorexia nervosa symptoms.

Objectives: We attempted to assess bone mineralization and the frequency of fractures occurrence in women with a history of treatment of anorexia nervosa (AN) in adolescence.

Methods: 47 women (age 20-36.8 years) were re-examined 6.

Bone mineralization disorders as a complication of anorexia nervosa - etiology, prevalence, course and treatment.

Anorexia nervosa (AN) most often has its onset in adolescence, which is a crucial period to achieve peak bone mass. The hormonal abnormalities (hypoestrogenism, hypercortisolism, decreased secretion of dehydroepiandrosterone, testosterone, insulin-like growth factor) and malnutrition are associated with profound bone mineralization disorders. Densitomertic bone mineral density (BMD) values for osteopenia and osteoporosis were found respectively in 35-98% and 13-50% of women with AN.

[Management of type 2 diabetes mellitus therapy in a mature age].

Type 2 diabetes mellitus represents a serious medical, social and economic problem, since it has become a pandemic in recent years, affecting up to 1/3 of the Czech population in old age. It is the clinically most significant metabolic disease in older age. A pharmacotherapeutic approach needs to be adjusted to the presence of multiple comorbidities in the elderly and to the patients ability to cooperate with treatment, and owing to the feared hypoglycemia which may contribute to increased morbidity, it detracts from the quality of life and limits the possibilities of treatment in many cases.

Eating Disorders in children and adolescents with Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes: prevalence, risk factors, warning signs.

Diabetes is associated with increased risk for eating disorders, various dependent on type of diabetes. Binge eating disorder is more common in patient with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Whereas, intentional omission of insulin doses for the purpose of weight loss occurs mainly in patient with type 1 diabetes (T1DM), however, in some patients with type 2 diabetes omission of oral hypoglycemic drugs can be present.

Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in Children and Adolescents With ADHD: The Significance of Comorbidities and Pharmacotherapy.

Objective: Assessment of the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents with ADHD with emphasis on pharmacological treatment and comorbid disorders.

Method: We analyzed 408 medical records of patients with ADHD aged 7 to 18.

Results: The prevalence of overweight (14.

[Correlations between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and obesity - a systematic review of the literature].

Recent studies suggest a possible correlation between Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and obesity. In order to explore the topic a systematic review of the literature was performed excluding case reports, non-empirical studies, and studies not using the ADHD diagnostic criteria. Recent studies suggests that obese patients referred to obesity clinics may present themselves with a higher that predicted prevalence od ADHD.

[Changes in weight and diabetes compensation (HbA(1c)) in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 after adding exenatide (Byetta) to the current treatment in 28 diabetology departments in the Czech Republic - BIBY-I study (observations lasting 3 to 12 months)].

Unlabelled: BIBY STUDY OBJECTIVE: To obtain experience with exenatide treatment (Byetta) in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 in a common clinical practice ofdiabetology departments. TYPE OF OBSERVATION: Observational study conducted by a randomly selected group of outpatient medical practitioners from 28 diabetology departments in the Czech Republic. OBSERVED AND ASSESSED POPULATION: 465 patients underwent at least three months of Byetta treatment; 347 persons (74.

[Changes in weight and diabetes compensation (HbA1c) in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 after adding exenatide (Byetta) to the current treatment in 28 diabetology departments in the Czech Republic - BIBYII study (observations lasting 24 months)].

Unlabelled: BIBYII STUDY OBJECTIVE: To obtain experience with longterm (24 months) exenatide treatment (Byetta) in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 from a common clinical practice of diabetology departments in the Czech Republic. TYPE OF OBSERVATION: Observational study conducted by a randomly selected group of outpatient medical practitioners from 28 diabetology departments in the Czech Republic. OBSERVED AND ASSESSED POPULATION: From the original population of 465 patients, who underwent a minimum of three months Byetta treatment, 169 patients (36.

Low risk of severe hypoglycaemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus starting insulin therapy with premixed insulin analogues BID in outpatient settings.

Aims: The choice of insulin at initiation in type 2 diabetes remains controversial. The aim of this study was to assess the occurrence of self-reported severe hypoglycaemia associated with premixed insulin analogues in routine clinical care.

Methods: A 12-month, prospective, observational, multicentre study in patients starting a commonly prescribed premixed insulin analogue (either insulin lispro 25/75 or biphasic insulin aspart 30/70, twice daily) after suboptimal glycaemic control on oral antidiabetic agents.