[Rare and atypical manifestations of infectious endocarditis].

Along with typical clinical symptoms in present-day infectious endocarditis atypical picture may arise: impairment of CNS and cardiac muscle with psychosis, arrhythmia, defective cerebral circulation, heart failure. In the absence of typical manifestations diagnosis of infectious endocarditis presents difficulties.

[Role of the neurohormonal regulatory system in the development of impaired electrolyte profiles in chronic circulatory insufficiency].

The parameters of electrolyte profile and some neurohumoral regulatory systems were compared in 257 patients with chronic circulatory insufficiency (CCI) secondary to coronary heart disease in the presence or absence of essential hypertension. The results obtained showed that not only the increased function of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, but the higher activity of the sympathoadrenal system in the presence of weakened adrenocortical glucocorticoid and epiphyseal functions late in CCI played a role in the mechanisms responsible for sodium retention in the patients with the disease.

[Various pathogenetic mechanisms of the progressive course of chronic circulatory insufficiency in patients with ischemic heart disease].

Markedly increased antidiuretic activity, depressed epiphyseal activity and low blood serotonin, and increased sympathoadrenal activity, largely due to mediator effects, were demonstrated in 201 coronary patients with and without essential hypertension in the presence of central hemodynamic disorders. Correlations were established between impaired activities of various regulatory systems as well as between those and some hemodynamic disorders.

[Adaptive and compensatory mechanisms in chronic circulatory insufficiency in ischemic heart disease].

Activation of some neuroendocrine systems is one of the compensatory-adaptation mechanisms in circulatory insufficiency in patients with ischemic heart disease. Evidence of this is that patients with stage I--IIA of the disease are marked by an increase in the activity of the sympatheticoadrenal system (increase in the excretion of free catecholamines) and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, in the glucocorticoid function of the adrenal cortex, in the functional condition of the epiphysis cerebri, and in the blood plasma antidiuretic activity. Participation of these systems in the adaptation processes maintains an adequate level of venous blood return to the heart and inotropic myocardial function.

[State of the neurohumoral regulatory system in circulatory insufficiency].

A moderate elevation of the daily excretion of free noradrenaline and adrenalin is observed in chronic circulatory insufficiency, beginning with Stage IIA. The catecholamines metabolism is elevated, as shown by the daily excretion of normethanpherine and methanpherine and of vanillyl-mandelic acid. The activity of renin and angiotensinases was growing along with the progressing cardiac insufficiency.

[Antidiuretic hormone content in the blood plasma of patients with chronic circulatory insufficiency].

The antidiuretic hormone (ADH) content in the blood plasma in comparison with its osmosis, the mass of circulating blood and the Na/K ratio in the urine was studied in 59 patients with rheumatic heart disease, atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis and chronic nonspecific affections of the lungs with and without circulatory insufficiency. The blood plasma ADH level is shown to increase significantly only with circulatory insufficiency of the IIB-III stage, whereas the plasma osmosis first has a tendency to rise and then gradually declines. This may suggest a deranged regulation of the ADH secretion with a higher osmosis of the plasma.