Flipped Classroom Module on Shock for Medical Students.

Introduction: This module teaches medical students about shock through a flipped classroom approach. By the conclusion of the module, students are able to differentiate the main types of shock, recognize clinical signs of shock, and formulate initial treatment plans. The flipped classroom approach means that students complete the lower levels of cognitive work (gaining knowledge and comprehension) outside of class, so that they can focus on the higher forms of cognitive work (application, analysis, synthesis, and evaluation) in class with the support of their peers and instructors.

Lacerations and Embedded Needles Caused by Epinephrine Autoinjector Use in Children.

Study Objective: Epinephrine autoinjector use for anaphylaxis is increasing. There are reports of digit injections because of incorrect autoinjector use, but no previous reports of lacerations, to our knowledge. We report complications of epinephrine autoinjector use in children and discuss features of these devices, and their instructions for use, and how these may contribute to injuries.

Extremity fracture pain after emergency department reduction and casting: predictors of pain after discharge.

Study Objective: The aims of this study are to determine the prevalence of pediatric extremity fracture pain after emergency department (ED) discharge, compare pain severity between fractures requiring simple casting versus sedated reduction and casting, and explore predictors of postdischarge pain.

Methods: This is a prospective observational study of children aged 4 to younger than 18 years and presenting to the ED with extremity fracture from May 2010 to February 2011. The Parents' Postoperative Pain Measure, which scores pain according to 15 behavior-related questions, was completed 48 to 72 hours after discharge.

Conceptualizing mindfulness and acceptance as components of psychological resilience to trauma.

Mindfulness- and acceptance-based conceptualizations of PTSD implicate experiential avoidance and non-mindful behavior in the etiology and maintenance of the disorder. If experiential avoidance is associated with vulnerability to PTSD, then a mindful and accepting orientation toward experience may confer psychological resilience following exposure to trauma. This article examines how mindfulness- and acceptance-based theories of psychopathology relate to risk of and resilience to PTSD.