Differentially co-expressed myofibre transcripts associated with abnormal myofibre proportion in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Background: Skeletal muscle dysfunction is a common extrapulmonary manifestation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Alterations in skeletal muscle myosin heavy chain expression, with reduced type I and increased type II myosin heavy chain expression, are associated with COPD severity when studied in largely male cohorts. The objectives of this study were (1) to define an abnormal myofibre proportion phenotype in both males and females with COPD and (2) to identify transcripts and transcriptional networks associated with abnormal myofibre proportion in COPD.

Health Insurance and Differences in Infant Mortality Rates in the US.

Importance: Health insurance status is associated with differences in access to health care and health outcomes. Therefore, maternal health insurance type may be associated with differences in infant outcomes in the US.

Objective: To determine whether, among infants born in the US, maternal private insurance compared with public Medicaid insurance is associated with a lower infant mortality rate (IMR).

Military healthcare system mitigates racial disparities for severe maternal morbidity from preeclampsia.

Background: In the United States, Black women die at 2.5 times the rate of White women and 3.5 times the rate of Hispanic women.

Increased maternal morbidity and mortality among Asian American and Pacific Islander women in the military health system.

Background: Rates of maternal morbidity and mortality experienced by women in the United States have been shown to vary significantly by race, most commonly attributed to differences in access to healthcare and socioeconomic status. Recent data showed that Asian Pacific Islanders have the highest rate of maternal morbidity despite having a higher socioeconomic status. In the military, women of all races are granted equal access to healthcare, irrespective of socioeconomic class.

Association of Active Postnatal Care With Infant Survival Among Periviable Infants in the US.

Importance: Active postnatal care has been associated with center differences in survival among periviable infants. Regional differences in outcomes among periviable infants in the US may be associated with differences in active postnatal care.

Objective: To determine if regions with higher rates of active postnatal care will have higher gestational age-specific survival rates among periviable infants.

Reconstructive Management of Gunshot Wounds to the Frontal Sinus: An Urban Trauma Center's Perspective.

Introduction: In the last decade, we have seen a steady increase in the incidence of frontal sinus trauma due to gunshot wounds and a decrease in motor vehicle trauma. Penetrating gunshot wounds to the frontal sinus present a unique challenge to the reconstructive surgeon because they require careful consideration of the management principles of plastic surgery. Despite previous reviews on frontal sinus trauma, there are no studies examining the management techniques of frontal sinus fractures due specifically to gunshot wounds.