Analysis of Serum Immunoglobulin G (IgG) Levels against , Herpes Simplex Virus Types 1 and 2, Cytomegalovirus and Hepatitis C Virus in Vitiligo.

Background: Pathogen infections have been associated with autoimmunity, which in turn has been implicated in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. However, the association between pathogen infections and vitiligo remains elusive.

Aims: This study aimed to assess the proportion of individuals who tested positive for specific IgG antibodies against selected pathogens in patients with vitiligo and control subjects.

Bixa orellana ethyl acetate fraction and its isolated compound ellagic acid attenuate the progression of MIA-induced osteoarthritis in rat knees.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a pathology that is characterized by progressive erosion of articular cartilage. In this context, medicinal plants have become relevant tools regarding their potential role in the prevention and treatment of OA, being safe and effective. The aim of this work was investigate the therapeutic efficacy of the ethyl acetate fraction of Bixa orellana leaves (BoEA) and ellagic acid (ElAc) for the therapeutic treatment of OA induced by monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) in rats.

Vasoactive intestinal peptide promotes hypophagia and metabolic changes: Role of paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus and nitric oxide.

Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), a neuromodulator present in the hypothalamus, plays an important role in the regulation of food intake. Paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) is involved in ingestive responses and regulates the nitric oxide (NO) pathway. The main objectives of this study were to investigate metabolic changes established after different doses and times of VIP microinjection on the PVN, and the effect of VIP microinjection on the PVN on food intake and the role of NO in this control.

Characterization, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of polymer blends based on chitosan and fish collagen.

This study aims to produce, characterize, and assess the antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity of polymer blends based on chitosan (CT) and fish collagen (COL) produced by different precipitation methods. Polymer blends were obtained in alkaline (NaOH), saline (NaCl), and alkaline/saline (NaOH/NaCl) solutions with different CT:COL concentration ratios (20:80, 50:50, and 80:20). The polymer blends were characterized by various physicochemical methods and subsequently evaluated in terms of their in vitro antimicrobial and cytotoxicity activity.

Pathological changes by spirorchiid eggs in hawksbill sea turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata) stranded off brazilian coast.

Eretmochelys imbricata (hawksbill turtle) is classified as a critically endangered species at world level; in Brazil, it is listed among the threatened species. Spirorchiids are parasites of the circulatory system of chelonians which may cause serious lesions in the various tissues of the host due to deposition of eggs in the bloodstream. In this context, the aim of the present study was to describe the pathology caused by spirorchiid eggs in E.

Ethyl Acetate Fraction of and Its Component Ellagic Acid Exert Antibacterial and Anti-Inflammatory Properties against subsp. .

subsp. () causes chronic infections, which has led to the need for new antimycobacterial agents. In this study, we investigated the antimycobacterial and anti-inflammatory activities of the ethyl acetate fraction of leaves (BoEA) and ellagic acid (ElAc).

Subacute infective endocarditis caused by Bacillus cereus in a patient with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

A rare and difficult to diagnose case of subacute infective endocarditis caused by Bacillus cereus in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus and Libman-Sacks endocarditis has been reported. Our aim is to highlight the importance of molecular methods such as MALDI-TOF and PCR to explain clinical and epidemiological issues about infections caused by unusual pathogen.

HIV incidence estimates by sex and age group in the population aged 15 years or over, Brazil, 1986-2018.

Introduction: HIV incidence estimates are essential to monitor the progress of prevention and control interventions.

Methods: Data collected by Brazilian surveillance systems were used to derive HIV incidence estimates by age group (15-24; 25+) and sex from 1986 to 2018. This study used a back-calculation method based on the first CD4 count among treatment-naïve cases.

Carvacrol reduces blood pressure, arterial responsiveness and increases expression of MAS receptors in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Aim: To analyze the effect of the use of carvacrol in the cardiovascular system of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).

Methods: Methods: Twenty animals were allocated in four groups, one group control Wistar receiving only sorbitol, used as vehicle of administration of the carvacrol (Wistar-Vehicle), one control group SHR, also receive only sorbitol (SHR-Vehicle), a third, treated with losartan (SHR-Losartan/50 mg/kg), and the fourth, treated with carvacrol (SHR - Carvacrol/20 mg/kg). Sorbitol, losartan and carvacrol were administered by oral gavage daily for 30-day.

Characterization and Anti-Caries Effect of an Experimental Adhesive Containing Natural Antimicrobial Agents.

Purpose: To characterize experimental adhesives containing natural antimicrobial agents (proanthocyanidins, apigenin, tt-farnesol) in the primer and to evaluate their anti-caries effect.

Materials And Methods: Natural agents were incorporated in the primer of an experimental adhesive: 4.5% proanthocyanidins (PA), 1 mM apigenin (API), 1 mM apigenin + 5 mM tt-farnesol (API + FAR), and primer without antimicrobial agent (control).

Cardiac Autonomic Modulation is a Key Factor for High Blood Pressure in Adolescentes.

Background: The interest regarding hypertension among children and adolescents has increased since the blood pressure rating system was updated to be compared with the adult rating system, changing the terminology from "normal high" to "prehypertension".

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the association between cardiac autonomic modulation and pressure levels of adolescents.

Methods: 203 adolescents were grouped according to systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP).

Going Online in Pandemic Time: A DivulgaMicro Workshop Experience.

DivulgaMicro is a Brazilian science communication and outreach project run by three young female scientists. In 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, we promoted the first virtual edition of the DivulgaMicro Workshop. Here, we describe adaptations implemented to deliver the virtual edition and its assessment by the participants.

A real-life study of the positive response to DAA-based therapies for hepatitis C in Brazil.

A retrospective cohort of 11,308 chronic hepatitis C infected patients treated with regimens that included Sofosbuvir (SOF), Daclatasvir (DCV), Simeprevir (SMV), or an association of Ombitasvir, Veruprevir/Ritonavir and Dasabuvir (3D) with or without Ribavirin (RBV) were assessed for sustained virologic response (SVR) or viral cure after a 12-week treatment. Logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors independently associated with positive response to direct-acting antivirals (DAA)-based therapies. Overall 57.

Effect of treatment with carvacrol and aerobic training on cardiovascular function in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

New Findings: What is the central question of this study? Can two non-drug therapies, carvacrol and aerobic physical training, together have additive effects on the reduction of cardiovascular risks and control of arterial hypertension? What is the main finding and its importance? The oral use of carvacrol (20 mg/kg/day) can control sustained hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats, and when this use is associated with aerobic physical training, there is a more pronounced effect on the reduction of blood pressure values, making these therapies an adjunct option in the drug treatment of hypertension.

Abstract: Systemic arterial hypertension is considered the foremost cardiovascular risk factor, and it is important to examine different therapies that help prevent and treat it, especially when associated with other cardiovascular risk factors. In this context, it is known that both carvacrol and aerobic physical training benefit the cardiovascular system.

Dolutegravir and pregnancy outcomes in women on antiretroviral therapy in Brazil: a retrospective national cohort study.

Background: Dolutegravir has been widely available in Brazil since 2017. Following the signal that infants born to women with dolutegravir exposure at conception in Botswana had a higher risk of neural tube defects (NTDs), public health leaders initiated a national investigation to evaluate periconception dolutegravir exposure among all pregnant Brazilian women with HIV and its potential association with risk of NTDs, stillbirth, or miscarriage before 22 weeks (also called spontaneous abortion).

Methods: In this retrospective, observational, national, cohort study, we identified all women with pregnancies and possible dolutegravir exposure within 8 weeks of estimated date of conception between Jan 1, 2017, and May 31, 2018, and approximately 3:1 matched pregnant women exposed to efavirenz between Jan 1, 2015, and May 31, 2018, using the Brazilian antiretroviral therapy database.

Atrophic Proventriculitis Associated with Gravid Females of sp. (Nematoda: Tetrameridae) in the Magellanic Penguin () on the Coast of Brazil.

The present study offers the first description of proventriculitis associated with the presence of gravid female nematodes of the genus (Nematoda: Tetrameridae) in 3 juvenile Magellanic penguins () found dead on the coast of Brazil. This study broadens knowledge on parasites associated with these hosts and the real impact of this association.

CRISPR elements and their association with antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes among vancomycin-resistant and vancomycin-susceptible enterococci recovered from human and food sources.

We aimed to investigate the occurrence of CRISPR elements in the genomes of vancomycin-resistant (VRE) and vancomycin-susceptible (VSE) enterococci and their association with the presence of antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes. We analyzed 180 isolates, including 91 VRE and 89 VSE. Isolates were identified by PCR or MALDI-TOF.

Exploratory spatial analysis of HBV cases in Brazil between 2005 and 2017.

Objective: To analyze the pattern of spatial distribution of hepatitis B virus (HBV) cases and the mortality attributed to this disease throughout the Brazilian territory, in 2005, 2016 and 2017.

Methods: This is an ecological study of spatial analysis, using data from the Information System for Notifiable Diseases and the Brazilian Mortality Information System. HBV detection and mortality rates were analyzed.

Fatal infection with ulcerative esophagitis and intravascular dissemination in green turtles.

The trematode (Digenea: Pronocephalidae) parasitizes the glands of the caudal esophagus of . In the present study, 741 were examined, 85 animals had adult specimens of associated with necrotizing ulcerous esophagitis, of these 85, 21 presented invasion of the esophageal mural vessels in the caudal esophagus of juvenile green turtles (). Necrotizing granulomatous splenitis, hepatitis, and nephritis were associated with the presence of parasites.

Inspiratory muscle training improves autonomic modulation and exercise tolerance in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease subjects: A randomized-controlled trial.

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the effect a regular inspiratory muscle training program on autonomic modulation measured by heart rate variability, exercise capacity and respiratory function in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease subjects (COPD).

Design: Single-center controlled study, with balanced randomization (1:1 for two arms).

Setting: A COPD reference hospital localized in Sao Luís, Brazil.

A Case-control Study of Exercise and Kidney Disease: Hemodialysis and Transplantation.

We aimed to analyze the effect of an exercise training program in autonomic modulation, and exercise tolerance of hemodialysis and kidney-transplanted patients. 4 groups of exercised and non-exercised patients undergoing hemodialysis and kidney-transplanted subjects had their biochemical tests, and heart rate variability evaluations analyzed. Also, sleep quality, anxiety and depression questionnaires were evaluated.

Diagnostic methods to detect uterus illnesses in mares.

Uterine illnesses are the major problem in horse reproductive programs. The diagnosis of these pathologies is often neglected or does not provide enough information about the cause. The aim of this study was to evaluate different diagnoses to provide more accurate information about endometritis and the real endometrial profile at the beginning of a breeding season.