The epidemiology, treatments and outcomes of patients with hormone receptor positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative, node-positive early breast cancer in Taiwan.

Estimate patient counts, treatment patterns and outcomes of a subset of patients with early breast cancer (EBC) presenting with hormone receptor positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative, node positive features, who are at high-risk of recurrence, in Taiwan. Data from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database and Taiwan Cancer Registry from 1 January 2011 to 31 December 2020 were analyzed. There were 4500 patients with high-risk EBC (10.

Treatment patterns and healthcare resource utilization among patients with alopecia areata: A real-world chart review in South Korea.

Alopecia areata (AA) is a clinically heterogeneous, immune-mediated, non-scarring hair loss disorder. This real-world chart review sought to characterize treatment patterns and healthcare resource use among patients with severe AA in South Korea. A web-based chart review of 40 dermatologists was conducted in which the medical charts of 151 adult patients diagnosed with severe AA between May 2019 and April 2021 were reviewed.

Epidemiology, Treatment Patterns, and Healthcare Resource Utilization Study of Patients With Alopecia Areata in Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database.

Objectives: This study investigated the epidemiology, treatment patterns, and resource utilization in patients with alopecia areata (AA) in Taiwan using the National Health Insurance Research Database. AA severity was determined by treatment use and diagnostic codes in the year after enrollment (including corticosteroids, systemic immunosuppressants, topical immunotherapy, and phototherapy).

Methods: The cross-sectional analysis was conducted to estimate the incidence and prevalence of AA from 2016 to 2020.

Glycemic Control and Obesity Among People With Type 2 Diabetes in Europe and Australia: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis.

Introduction: In people with type 2 diabetes (PwT2D) who also have obesity, efforts targeting weight loss, including lifestyle, medication and surgical interventions, are recommended. The objective of this study was to explore the relationship between glycemic control and obesity among PwT2D in Europe and Australia using recent real-world data and applying consistent methodology across countries.

Methods: Retrospective study utilizing IQVIA electronic medical records (EMR) databases grouped into panels based on specialty of contributing physicians.

Health state utilities associated with weight loss: preferences of people with type 2 diabetes and obesity in Japan.

Aims: Health state utilities associated with weight change are needed for cost-utility analyses (CUAs) examining the value of treatments for type 2 diabetes and obesity. Previous studies have estimated the utility benefits associated with various amounts of weight reduction in the US and Europe, but preferences for weight change in Asian cultures may differ from these published values. The purpose of this study was to estimate utilities associated with reductions in body weight based on preferences of individuals with type 2 diabetes and obesity in Japan.

The Burden of Suboptimal Insulin Dosing in People with Diabetes in Spain: Barriers and Solutions from the Physician Perspective.

Background: This study aimed to determine physicians' perceptions of the extent of suboptimal insulin dosing and the barriers and solutions to optimal dosing in people with diabetes (PwD) treated with insulin.

Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted in four countries with primary care physicians and endocrinologists treating PwD using insulin pens, which included 53 questions on physicians' characteristics and their perceptions of the behaviors of PwD in relation to insulin dosing routines, unmet needs and potential solutions. Analyses were descriptive.

Clinical, Economic, and Patient-Reported Benefits of Connected Insulin Pen Systems: A Systematic Literature Review.

Introduction: The objective of this systematic literature review was to evaluate the available literature concerning the clinical, economic, and patient-reported benefits of insulin pen platforms, including connected insulin pens/caps/sleeves and insulin platforms, as well as mobile apps capable of receiving near real-time insulin dosing information.

Methods: Medline and Embase databases and the Cochrane Library were searched for published literature between January 2015 and May 2021, and manual searches for conference abstracts from 2018 to May 2021 were performed. These searches were supplemented by internet searches for relevant literature and clinical trials.

Patients' Preferences for Connected Insulin Pens: A Discrete Choice Experiment Among Patients with Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes.

Background: This study quantified how people with diabetes value the unique features of connected insulin pens and related mobile apps, and the underlying reasons for preferring connected versus non-connected insulin pens.

Methods: A discrete choice experiment (DCE) was conducted in the USA and UK to elicit preferences of adults (≥ 18 years) with type 1 or 2 diabetes for attributes of insulin pens. Attributes included device type, dosing support, glucose monitoring, additional app features, and data sharing.

Missed and Mistimed Insulin Doses in People with Diabetes: A Systematic Literature Review.

Development of coordinated management approaches is important to facilitate self-care in people with diabetes (PwD). Gaining a better understanding of suboptimal insulin use is key in this endeavor. This review aimed, for the first time, to systematically identify and narratively summarize real-world evidence on the extent of suboptimal insulin use (missed and mistimed insulin) in PwD.

A systematic literature review and network meta-analysis feasibility study to assess the comparative efficacy and comparative effectiveness of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines.

: No head-to-head studies are currently available comparing pneumococcal non-typeable protein D conjugate vaccine (PHiD-CV) with 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV-13). This study explored the feasibility of using network meta-analysis (NMA) to conduct an indirect comparison of the relative efficacy or effectiveness of the two vaccines.: A systematic literature search was conducted for published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCT studies reporting data on vaccine efficacy or effectiveness against invasive pneumococcal disease in children aged <5 years receiving 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV-7), PHiD-CV or PCV-13.

The comparative efficacy and safety of herpes zoster vaccines: A network meta-analysis.

Background: We estimated the relative efficacy and safety of vaccines for prevention of herpes zoster (HZ) using network meta-analysis (NMA) based on evidence from randomized controlled trials.

Methods: A systematic literature review evaluated two different HZ vaccines: adjuvanted recombinant zoster vaccine (RZV) and zoster vaccine live (ZVL), with different formulations assessed. Detailed feasibility assessment indicated that a NMA was feasible for efficacy (incidence of HZ and postherpetic neuralgia [PHN]) and safety (serious adverse events [SAE] and reactogenicity [injection-site reactions, systemic reaction]) outcomes.

Serum vitamin B12 is inversely associated with periodontal progression and risk of tooth loss: a prospective cohort study.

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the association of serum vitamin B12 with the progression of periodontitis and risk of tooth loss in a prospective cohort study.

Materials And Methods: In the Study of Health in Pomerania, 1648 participants were followed from 2002-2006 to 2008-2012 (mean duration 5.9 years).

Serum α-Tocopherol Has a Nonlinear Inverse Association with Periodontitis among US Adults.

Background: Previous experimental models suggest that vitamin E may ameliorate periodontitis. However, epidemiologic studies show inconsistent evidence in supporting this plausible association.

Objective: We investigated the association between serum α-tocopherol (αT) and γ-tocopherol (γT) and periodontitis in a large cross-sectional US population.

Web-based self-assessment health tools: who are the users and what is the impact of missing input information?

Background: Web-based health applications, such as self-assessment tools, can aid in the early detection and prevention of diseases. However, there are concerns as to whether such tools actually reach users with elevated disease risk (where prevention efforts are still viable), and whether inaccurate or missing information on risk factors may lead to incorrect evaluations.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate (1) evaluate whether a Web-based cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk communication tool (Heart Age tool) was reaching users at risk of developing CVD, (2) the impact of awareness of total cholesterol (TC), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), and systolic blood pressure (SBP) values on the risk estimates, and (3) the key predictors of awareness and reporting of physiological risk factors.

Behaviour change for better health: nutrition, hygiene and sustainability.

As the global population grows there is a clear challenge to address the needs of consumers, without depleting natural resources and whilst helping to improve nutrition and hygiene to reduce the growth of noncommunicable diseases. For fast-moving consumer goods companies, like Unilever, this challenge provides a clear opportunity to reshape its business to a model that decouples growth from a negative impact on natural resources and health. However, this change in the business model also requires a change in consumer behaviour.

Anxiety disorders and salivary cortisol levels in older adults: a population-based study.

Context: The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is one of the body's main systems that controls response to stress. It acts through the hormone cortisol. While the dysregulation of cortisol has been associated with anxiety disorders, the evidence is inconsistent.

Anxiety disorders and comorbid depression in community dwelling older adults.

Anxiety disorder is a common psychiatric problem during late-life, and frequently co-occurs with depression. High comorbidity between anxiety and depression may partly be explained by the definition of the disorders and the assessment of both disorders with one instrument at the same time. The current study investigates the relation of current and past depression with anxiety disorders in the Rotterdam Study, a large population-based cohort study of older adults in the Netherlands (n study population = 5565).

One risk assessment tool for cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and chronic kidney disease.

Objective: Individuals at high risk for chronic cardiometabolic disease (cardiovascular disease [CVD], type 2 diabetes, and chronic kidney disease [CKD]) share many risk factors and would benefit from early intervention. We developed a nonlaboratory-based risk-assessment tool for identification of people at high cardiometabolic disease risk.

Research Design And Methods: Data of three population-based cohorts from different regions of the Netherlands were merged.

Association between serum cholesterol and noncardiovascular mortality in older age.

Objectives: To clarify the association between cholesterol and noncardiovascular mortality and to evaluate how this association varies across age groups.

Design: Prospective population-based cohort study.

Setting: Rotterdam, the Netherlands.

Is positive affect associated with survival? A population-based study of elderly persons.

Study results on the association of positive affect with survival are conflicting. This disagreement potentially arises from poor control for health or negative affect and for the various age groups studied. The authors examined if positive affect predicts survival; whether this association is preserved after controlling for negative affect, socioeconomic status, lifestyle, and health; and whether this association varies with age.

The prevalence and characteristics of complicated grief in older adults.

Background: Complicated grief is a prolongation of the normal grieving process with distinct characteristics. It impairs mental and physical health and can potentially greatly impact the quality of life of sufferers and their families. The prevalence and characteristics of complicated grief in the general population are currently unclear.

Short and long-term effects of smoking on cortisol in older adults.

We investigated concurrent as well as long-term effects of smoking on cortisol. The population consisted of 2508 elderly adults. Current smokers, as opposed to former smokers, had higher basal cortisol levels and higher morning increases of cortisol.