Creating affiliations, learning, and mindfulness for in vitro fertilization patients (CALM IVF): a clinical trial.

Objective: Determine if group psychoeducational support can improve in vitro fertilization (IVF) patients' quality of life (QoL).

Design: Randomized controlled trial (NCT04048772).

Setting: University-affiliated IVF clinic.

Cumulative live birth rate in women aged ≤37 years after in vitro fertilization with or without preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy: a Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology Clinic Outcome Reporting System retrospective analysis.

Objective: To investigate cumulative live birth rates (CLBRs) in cycles with and without preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) among patients aged <35 and 35-37 years.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology reporting clinics.

Low oocyte maturity ratio is associated with a reduced in vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injection live birth rate.

Objective: To determine whether a low oocyte maturity ratio in a cohort of oocytes from an in vitro fertilization cycle predicts outcomes and to examine clinical factors associated with oocyte maturity.

Design: A retrospective cohort study.

Setting: An academic medical center.

Fresh Embryo Transfer Cycle Characteristics and Outcomes Following In Vitro Fertilization via Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection Among Patients With and Without COVID-19 Vaccination.

This cohort study examines the association of COVID-19 vaccination status and in vitro fertilization (IVF)-fresh embryo transfer cycle stimulation characteristics and outcomes.

Dual trigger protocol is an effective in vitro fertilization strategy in both normal and high responders without compromising pregnancy outcomes in fresh cycles.

Objective: To study the birth rates of normal vs. high responders after dual trigger of final oocyte maturation with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist and human chorionic gonadotropin in fresh in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles in which ovarian stimulation was achieved by a flexible GnRH antagonist protocol.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

The effect of weight and body mass index on serum progesterone values and live birth rate in cryopreserved in vitro fertilization cycles.

Objective: To determine if weight or body mass index (BMI) affects the serum progesterone level at the time of the pregnancy test in cryopreserved blastocyst transfer cycles and to determine if those serum progesterone levels affect live births.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: US academic medical center.

Elective transfer of one embryo is associated with a higher cumulative live birth rate and improved perinatal outcomes compared to the transfer of two embryos with in vitro fertilization.

Objective: To compare the effects of initial elective single embryo transfer (ieSET) and initial double embryo transfer (iDET) strategies on the cumulative live birth rate (CLBR) and perinatal outcomes after IVF.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology (SART) reporting clinics.

Effect of body mass index on intrauterine insemination cycle success.

Objective: To determine whether body mass index (BMI) affects intrauterine insemination treatment success.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Academic medical center.

Laparoscopic resection of functional, noncommunicating uterine horn in close approximation to functional hemiuterus.

Objective: To review the presentation of unicornuate uterus with a functional noncommunicating rudimentary uterine horn and a laparoscopic method of management, highlighting laparoscopic surgical techniques.

Design: A video review of unicornuate uterus with a functional noncommunicating rudimentary uterine horn and a laparoscopic approach to treatment in a 13-year-old pubertal female with severe menstrual pain.

Setting: Tertiary care facility.

Confidence and readiness to discuss, plan and implement postpartum contraception during prenatal care after delivery.

No studies exist to determine the optimal timing to counsel women regarding postpartum contraception which means opportunities for immediate postpartum contraception are often missed. Women between the gestational ages of 25 and 35 weeks, meeting inclusion criteria and attending an outpatient clinic were offered to participate in the study. Subjects completed surveys querying readiness, capability and confidence in discussing and committing to a postpartum contraceptive plan.

A randomized controlled trial of combination letrozole and clomiphene citrate or letrozole alone for ovulation induction in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Objective: To evaluate whether a combination of letrozole and clomiphene citrate (CC) results in higher ovulation rates than letrozole alone in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Design: Open-label randomized controlled trial.

Setting: Academic medical center using two clinic sites.

Gq/11-Dependent Changes in the Murine Ovarian Transcriptome at the End of Gestation.

Parturition in rodents is highly dependent on the engagement of the luteal prostaglandin F2 alpha receptor, which, through activation of the Gq/11 family of G proteins, increases the expression of Akr1c18, leading to an increase in progesterone catabolism. To further understand the involvement of Gq/11 on luteolysis and parturition, we used microarray analysis to compare the ovarian transcriptome of mice with a granulosa/luteal cell-specific deletion of Galphaq/11 with their control littermates on Day 18 of pregnancy, when mice from both genotypes are pregnant, and on Day 22, when mice with a granulosa/luteal cell-specific deletion of Galphaq/11 are still pregnant but their control littermates are 1-2 days postpartum. Ovarian genes up-regulated at the end of gestation in a Galphaq/11 -dependent fashion include genes involved in focal adhesion and extracellular matrix interactions.

Ethical issues identified by obstetrics and gynecology learners through a novel ethics curriculum.

Objective: Obstetrics and gynecology (ob/gyn) is fraught with bioethical issues, the professional significance of which may vary based on clinical experience. Our objective was to utilize our novel ethics curriculum to identify ethics and professionalism issues highlighted by ob/gyn learners and to compare responses between learner levels to further inform curricular development.

Study Design: We introduced an integrated and dynamic ob/gyn ethics and professionalism curriculum and mixed methods analysis of 181 resulting written reflections (case observation and assessments) from third-year medical students and from first- to fourth-year ob/gyn residents.

Activation of Gq/11 in the mouse corpus luteum is required for parturition.

Mice with a deletion of Gα(q/11) in granulosa cells were previously shown to be subfertile. They also have a reduced ovulatory response due to a deficiency in the ability of the activated LH receptor to fully induce the granulosa cell progesterone receptor. Because this conditional deletion of Gα(q/11) will interfere with the actions of any G protein-coupled receptor that activates G(q/11) in granulosa or luteal cells, we sought to determine whether the actions of other hormones that contribute to fertility were also impaired.

Effect of surgery for endometrioma on ovarian function.

Endometriosis affects a significant proportion of reproductive-aged women. The impact of the disease on ovarian function is an important consideration when planning treatment in women who want to retain the potential of future childbearing. This review will specifically address the association between endometriomas and diminished ovarian reserve, with a particular focus on the impact of surgical endometrioma resection on ovarian function.