"I Thought Cancer was a Tobacco Issue": Perspectives of Veterans with and without HIV on Cancer and Other Health Risks Associated with Alcohol and Tobacco/Nicotine Use.

U.S. Veterans and people living with HIV (PWH) experience higher rates of unhealthy alcohol and tobacco/nicotine use than non-Veterans and people without HIV (PWoH).

Alkene Isomerization Using a Heterogeneous Nickel-Hydride Catalyst.

Transition metal-catalyzed alkene isomerization is an enabling technology used to install an alkene distal to its original site. Due to their well-defined structure, homogeneous catalysts can be fine-tuned to optimize reactivity, stereoselectivity, and positional selectivity, but they often suffer from instability and nonrecyclability. Heterogeneous catalysts are generally highly robust but continue to lack active-site specificity and are challenging to rationally improve through structural modification.

Cognitive and Emotional Responses to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Exacerbations and Patterns of Care Seeking.

Cognitive and emotional responses associated with care seeking for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations are not well understood. We sought to define care-seeking profiles based on whether and when U.S.

Gender differences in prosthesis-related outcomes among veterans: Results of a national survey of U.S. veterans.

Background: Women with lower extremity amputations (LEAs) tend to have poorer prosthesis-related outcomes than men, although the literature is sparse. To our knowledge, there are no prior studies examining prosthesis-related outcomes of women veterans with LEAs.

Objective: To examine gender differences (overall and by type of amputation) among veterans who underwent LEAs between 2005 and 2018, received care at the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) prior to undergoing amputation, and were prescribed a prosthesis.

Voices of Women Veterans with Lower Limb Prostheses: a Qualitative Study.

Background: Women Veterans with amputation are a group with unique needs whose numbers have grown over the last 5 years, accounting for nearly 3% of all Veterans with amputation in 2019. Although identified as a national priority by the Veterans Health Administration, the needs of this population have remained largely underrepresented in amputation research.

Objective: To describe the experiences of women Veterans with lower extremity amputation (LEA) related to prosthetic care provision and devices.

A randomized trial of an online, coach-assisted self-management PTSD intervention tailored for women veterans.

Objective: Scalable, efficiently delivered treatments are needed to address the needs of women Veterans with PTSD. This randomized clinical trial compared an online, coach-assisted cognitive behavioral intervention tailored for women Veterans with PTSD to phone monitoring only.

Method: Women Veterans who met diagnostic criteria for PTSD were randomized to an 8-week web-based intervention, called DElivery of Self TRaining and Education for Stressful Situations (DESTRESS)-Women Veterans version (WV), or to phone monitoring only (N = 102).

Using Video Telehealth to Facilitate Inhaler Training in Rural Patients with Obstructive Lung Disease.

Background: Proper inhaler technique is important for effective drug delivery and symptom control in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma, yet not all patients receive inhaler instructions.

Introduction: Using a retrospective chart review of participants in a video telehealth inhaler training program, the study compared inhaler technique within and between monthly telehealth visits and reports associated with patient satisfaction.

Materials And Methods: Seventy-four (N = 74) rural patients prescribed ≥1 inhaler participated in three to four pharmacist telehealth inhaler training sessions using teach-to-goal (TTG) methodology.

Use of a Remote Inhaler Monitoring Device to Measure Change in Inhaler Use with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Exacerbations.

Background: Remote inhaler monitoring is an emerging technology that enables the healthcare team to monitor the time and location of a patient's inhaler use. We assessed the feasibility of remote inhaler monitoring for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients and the pattern of albuterol inhaler use associated with COPD exacerbations.

Methods: Thirty-five participants with COPD used an electronic inhaler sensor for 12 weeks which recorded the date and time of each albuterol actuation.

Inhaler Training Delivered by Internet-Based Home Videoconferencing Improves Technique and Quality of Life.

Background: COPD is common, and inhaled medications can reduce the risk of exacerbations. Incorrect inhaler use is also common and may lead to worse symptoms and increased exacerbations. We examined whether inhaler training could be delivered using Internet-based home videoconferencing and its effect on inhaler technique, self-efficacy, quality of life, and adherence.

Patient-centered primary care for adults at high risk for AUDs: the Choosing Healthier Drinking Options In primary CarE (CHOICE) trial.

Background: Most patients with alcohol use disorders (AUDs) never receive alcohol treatment, and experts have recommended management of AUDs in primary care. The Choosing Healthier Drinking Options In primary CarE (CHOICE) trial was a randomized controlled effectiveness trial of a novel intervention for primary care patients at high risk for AUDs. This report describes the conceptual and scientific foundation of the CHOICE model of care, critical elements of the CHOICE trial design consistent with the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR), results of recruitment, and baseline characteristics of the enrolled sample.

Overuse of short-acting beta-agonist bronchodilators in COPD during periods of clinical stability.

Background: Overuse of short-acting beta-agonists (SABA) is described in asthma, but little is known about overuse of SABA in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Methods: Prospective 3-month cohort study of patients with moderate-to-severe COPD who were provided a portable electronic inhaler sensor to monitor daily SABA use. Subjects wore a pedometer for 3 seven-day periods and were asked to complete a daily diary of symptoms and inhaler use.

Factors Underlying Quality Problems with Alcohol Screening Prompted by a Clinical Reminder in Primary Care: A Multi-site Qualitative Study.

Background: Population-based alcohol screening is recommended in primary care, and increasingly incentivized by policies, yet is challenging to implement. The U.S.

Comparison of rocuronium and succinylcholine on postintubation sedative and analgesic dosing in the emergency department.

Objectives: Rocuronium and succinylcholine are both commonly used neuromuscular blockers for rapid sequence intubation in the emergency department (ED). The objective of this study was to determine if patients who receive rocuronium are more likely to receive lower doses of postintubation sedatives and analgesics compared with patients who receive succinylcholine.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study carried out in a tertiary, academic ED.

Feedback from recently returned veterans on an anonymous web-based brief alcohol intervention.

Background: Veterans of Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom (OEF/OIF) are at increased risk for alcohol misuse, and innovative methods are needed to improve their access to alcohol screening and brief interventions (SBI). This study adapted an electronic SBI (e-SBI) website shown to be efficacious in college students for OEF/OIF veterans and reported findings from interviews with OEF/OIF veterans about their impressions of the e-SBI.

Methods: Outpatient veterans of OEF/OIF who drank ≥3 days in the past week were recruited from a US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Deployment Health Clinic waiting room.

Association between alcohol screening scores and diabetic self-care behaviors.

Background And Objectives: Alcohol misuse is associated with poor adherence to recommended self-care behaviors, which are critical for diabetes management. This study investigated whether scores on a validated brief alcohol misuse screen are associated with diabetes self-care.

Methods: Male outpatients (n=3,930) from seven Veterans Affairs sites returned the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption (AUDIT-C) alcohol screen on mailed surveys and indicated they had diabetes.

Quality concerns with routine alcohol screening in VA clinical settings.

Background: Alcohol screening questionnaires have typically been validated when self- or researcher-administered. Little is known about the performance of alcohol screening questionnaires administered in clinical settings.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the results of alcohol screening conducted as part of routine outpatient clinical care in the Veterans Affairs (VA) Health Care System to the results on the same alcohol screening questionnaire completed on a mailed survey within 90 days and identify factors associated with discordant screening results.

Association of an NKG2D gene variant with systemic lupus erythematosus in two populations.

NKG2D, involved in T-cell activation and viral defense, shows a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the transmembrane region, characterized by a substitution of alanine with threonine. We examined the association of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with one of the NKG2D gene variants. We also studied the functional impact of that allele in SLE.