Equitable Representation of Race, Ethnicity, and Ancestry Among Genomic Studies of Preterm Birth: A Systematic Review.

We conducted a systematic review of representation of race, ethnicity, and ancestry among genomic studies of preterm birth. Our data sources included CINHAL, EMBASE, MEDLINE (PubMed), and Scopus. Studies were included if they were human, genomic studies of preterm birth that analyzed greater than 1,000 genes and included race, ethnicity, and/or ancestry information.

Giving Birth With a Midwife in Attendance: Associations of Race and Insurance Status With Continuity of Midwifery Care in Philadelphia.

Introduction: From 2013 to 2019, Black women comprised 73% of pregnancy-related deaths in Philadelphia. There is currently a dearth of research on the continuity of midwifery care from initiation of prenatal care through birth in relation to characteristics such as race/ethnicity and income. The aim of this study was to investigate whether race/ethnicity and insurance status were associated with the likelihood of a pregnant person who begins prenatal care with a midwife to remain in midwifery care for birth attendance.

Neighborhood Deprivation and Racial Disparities in Early Pregnancy Impaired Glucose Tolerance.

Objective: There is mounting evidence that neighborhoods contribute to perinatal health inequity. We aimed (1) to determine whether neighborhood deprivation (a composite marker of area-level poverty, education, and housing) is associated with early pregnancy impaired glucose intolerance (IGT) and pre-pregnancy obesity and (2) to quantify the extent to which neighborhood deprivation may explain racial disparities in IGT and obesity.

Study Design: This was a retrospective cohort study of non-diabetic patients with singleton births ≥ 20 weeks' gestation from 1 January 2017-31 December 2019 in two Philadelphia hospitals.

Neighborhood Walkability as a Risk Factor for Preterm Birth Phenotypes in Two Philadelphia Hospitals from 2013-2016.

A total of one in ten infants is born preterm in the U.S. with large racial disparities.

Assessing racial residential segregation as a risk factor for severe maternal morbidity.

Purpose: To measure associations of area-level racial and economic residential segregation with severe maternal morbidity (SMM).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of births at two Philadelphia hospitals between 2018 and 2020 to analyze associations of segregation, quantified using the Index of Concentration at the Extremes (ICE), with SMM. We used stratified multivariable, multilevel, logistic regression models to determine whether associations of ICE with SMM varied by self-identified race or hospital catchment.

Cervical microRNA expression and spontaneous preterm birth.

Background: Preterm birth remains a major public health issue affecting 10% of all pregnancies and increases risks of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Approximately 50% to 60% of preterm births are spontaneous, resulting from preterm premature rupture of membranes or preterm labor. The pathogenesis of spontaneous preterm birth is incompletely understood, and prediction of preterm birth remains elusive.

Benzene and NO Exposure during Pregnancy and Preterm Birth in Two Philadelphia Hospitals, 2013-2017.

Infants born preterm are at risk of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Preterm birth (PTB) can be categorized as either spontaneous (sPTB) or medically indicated (mPTB), resulting from distinct pathophysiologic processes such as preterm labor or preeclampsia, respectively. A growing body of literature has demonstrated the impacts of nitrogen dioxide (NO) and benzene exposure on PTB, though few studies have investigated how these associations may differ by PTB subtype.

Spatially and Temporally Resolved Ambient PM in Relation to Preterm Birth.

Growing evidence suggests that maternal exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM) during pregnancy is associated with preterm birth; however, few studies have examined critical windows of exposure, which can help elucidate underlying biologic mechanisms and inform public health messaging for limiting exposure. Participants included 891 mother-newborn pairs enrolled in a U.S.

Racial and ethnic representation in epigenomic studies of preterm birth: a systematic review.

We conducted a systematic review evaluating race/ethnicity representation in DNA methylomic studies of preterm birth. PubMed, EMBASE, CINHAL, Scopus and relevant citations from 1 January 2000 to 30 June 2019. Two authors independently identified abstracts comparing DNA methylomic differences between term and preterm births that included race/ethnicity data.

Maternal anxiety and depression in pregnancy and DNA methylation of the glucocorticoid receptor gene.

To quantify associations of anxiety and depression during pregnancy with differential cord blood DNA methylation of the glucorticoid receptor (). Pregnancy anxiety, trait anxiety and depressive symptoms were collected using the Pregnancy Related Anxiety Scale, State-Trait Anxiety Index and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, respectively. methylation was determined at four methylation sites.

Resilience During Pregnancy by Race, Ethnicity and Nativity: Evidence of a Hispanic Immigrant Advantage.

The similar socioeconomic position of black and Hispanic women coupled with better birth outcomes among Hispanic women is termed the "Hispanic Paradox." However, birth outcome disparities among Hispanic women exist by maternal nativity. Persistent unequal exposure over time to stressors contributes to these disparities.