A Systematic Review of Dietary Lifestyle Interventions for Neuropathic Pain.

Chronic severe neuropathic pain (NP) affects one in 10 individuals over the age of 30 in North America. Standard pharmacological interventions are associated with significant side effects and have limited effectiveness. Diets seeking to improve physiological health, support gut barrier integrity, and decrease systemic inflammation have recently emerged as powerful tools conferring neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects, potentially reducing the overall morbidity and mortality of multiple neurological and metabolic diseases.

Udder health, bacterial isolation and antimicrobial sensitivity of species from non-dairy goats on smallholder farms in Hong Kong.

This research article describes an investigation into the udder health, bacterial isolation and antimicrobial sensitivity of three staphylococcal species isolated from the milk of non-dairy goats, suckling their kids, on two smallholder farms in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. Udder lesions were visually noted in 21 of 34 goats and two goats had palpable abnormalities. Collected milk samples grew a total of 11 bacterial organisms and the most frequently isolated organism was .

Spectrum of bacterial pathogens in inflammatory and noninflammatory cutaneous ulcers of American tegumentary leishmaniasis.

Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) ulcers exhibiting an inflammatory phenotype, characterized by purulent exudate, erythema, pain, and/or lymphatic involvement, are empirically treated with antibiotics.

Objective: The spectrum of bacteria present in localized versus inflammatory phenotypes of CL is elucidated herein.

Methods: Filter paper lesion impressions (FPLIs) from 39 patients with CL (19 inflammatory and 20 noninflammatory ulcers) were evaluated via real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and end-point PCR targeting: , , , spp.

Recurrence interval of riverbed sand mining hotspots in the Mekong delta: Potential indications of unsustainable replenishment rates.

Rampant and illegal river sand mining in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD) has led to substantial sediment losses and bank erosion. However, regulation of this issue remains a significant challenge due to insufficient monitoring and enforcement efforts, partly attributed to limited data and technology. To support an improved monitoring system in the VMD, this study investigates the spatiotemporal changes in sand mining hotspots and their underlying drivers.

Phosphoproteomic profiling of early rheumatoid arthritis synovium reveals active signalling pathways and differentiates inflammatory pathotypes.

Background: Kinases are intracellular signalling mediators and key to sustaining the inflammatory process in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Oral inhibitors of Janus Kinase family (JAKs) are widely used in RA, while inhibitors of other kinase families e.g.

Secretome of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts (CAFs) Influences Drug Sensitivity in Cancer Cells.

Resistance is a major problem with effective cancer treatment and the stroma forms a significant portion of the tumor mass but traditional drug screens involve cancer cells alone. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a major tumor stroma component and its secreted proteins may influence the function of cancer cells. The majority of secretome studies compare different cancer or CAF cell lines exclusively.

Development and validation of an overuse injury questionnaire for youth athletes: The Youth Overuse Injury Questionnaire.

Objective: To develop and validate the Youth Overuse Injury Questionnaire (YOvIQ).

Design: A cross-sectional study.

Setting: Online platforms.

Axl and MerTK regulate synovial inflammation and are modulated by IL-6 inhibition in rheumatoid arthritis.

The TAM tyrosine kinases, Axl and MerTK, play an important role in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Here, using a unique synovial tissue bioresource of patients with RA matched for disease stage and treatment exposure, we assessed how Axl and MerTK relate to synovial histopathology and disease activity, and their topographical expression and longitudinal modulation by targeted treatments. We show that in treatment-naive patients, high AXL levels are associated with pauci-immune histology and low disease activity and inversely correlate with the expression levels of pro-inflammatory genes.

Novel detection of RNA virus-1 (LRV-1) in clinical isolates of .

American tegumentary leishmaniasis comprises a discrete set of clinical presentations endemic to Latin America. RNA virus-1 (LRV-1) is a double-stranded RNA virus identified in 20–25% of the and , however not in . This is the first report of LRV-1 in and its associations with clinical phenotypes of ATL.

Developing the Singapore youth shoulder overuse injury prevention program.

Objectives: To develop the Singapore Youth Shoulder Overuse Injury Prevention Program specifically for competitive overhead youth athletes in Singapore.

Design: Two-round online Delphi technique with experts and a feasibility assessment questionnaire with youth athletes who represented end-users.

Setting: Volleyball for youth athletes.

Antagonistic roles of canonical and Alternative-RPA in disease-associated tandem CAG repeat instability.

Expansions of repeat DNA tracts cause >70 diseases, and ongoing expansions in brains exacerbate disease. During expansion mutations, single-stranded DNAs (ssDNAs) form slipped-DNAs. We find the ssDNA-binding complexes canonical replication protein A (RPA1, RPA2, and RPA3) and Alternative-RPA (RPA1, RPA3, and primate-specific RPA4) are upregulated in Huntington disease and spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) patient brains.

Uncovering the lack of awareness of sand mining impacts on riverbank erosion among Mekong Delta residents: insights from a comprehensive survey.

Global sand demand due to infrastructure construction has intensified sand mining activities in many rivers, with current rates of sand extraction exceeding natural replenishment. This has created many environmental problems, particularly concerning riverbank stability, which adversely affects the livelihoods of people in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD). However, sand mining's social impacts in the region remain inadequately understood.

Unbiased differential proteomic profiling between cancer-associated fibroblasts and cancer cell lines.

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a key component of tumors. We aimed to profile the proteome of cancer cell lines representing three common cancer types (lung, colorectal and pancreatic) and a representative CAF cell line from each tumor type to gain insight into CAF function and novel CAF biomarkers. We used isobaric labeling, liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry to evaluate the proteome of 9 cancer and 3 CAF cell lines.

Effectiveness of overuse injury prevention programs on upper extremity performance in overhead youth athletes: A systematic review.

Several targeted upper extremity injury prevention programs have been developed to mitigate the risk of upper extremity overuse injuries among youth athletes in overhead sports; however, their effectiveness on performance outcome measures has not been investigated. This systematic review evaluated the effectiveness of existing upper extremity injury prevention programs that focused on modifying intrinsic risk factors, and performance outcome measures in overhead youth athletes. The secondary aim was to identify the training components of these programs.

Performance characteristics of diagnostic assays for schistosomiasis in Ontario, Canada.

Introduction: Due to lower intensity of infection and greater intervals from last exposure, parasitologic detection methods for schistosomiasis are poorly sensitive in non-endemic areas, challenging accurate diagnosis.

Methods: We evaluated parasitologic indirect detection methods for schistosomiasis. We included specimens submitted for serology, and stool for ova and parasite microscopy.

Prevalence of Shoulder and Elbow Overuse Injuries Among Competitive Overhead Youth Athletes in Singapore.

Background: There is a dearth of information related to shoulder and elbow overuse injuries in Asian overhead youth athletes.

Purpose: To determine the prevalence and severity of shoulder and elbow overuse injuries, as well as their associated factors, among competitive overhead youth athletes in Singapore.

Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study.

The heart of the matter: secretory pheochromocytoma presenting as recurrent biventricular heart failure (Takotsubo cardiomyopathy).

Takotsubo's syndrome (TS) is an acute, transient cardiomyopathy occurring secondary to physical or emotional stressors through catecholamine excess. Secretory pheochromocytomas have been previously implicated in cases of TS (PTS), however, often present atypically, are associated with reoccurrence, and have higher rates of complications. We describe the case of a 70-year-old female who presented central chest pain, hypotension and electrocardiogram changes on a background of a 6-month prior episode of resolved Takotsubo's with unknown cause.

Surveillance of Amoebic Keratitis-Causing Acanthamoebae for Potential Bacterial Endosymbionts in Ontario, Canada.

spp. are the causative pathogens of several infections, including amoebic keratitis (AK), a vision-threatening infection. Acanthamoebae from corneal specimens of patients with AK harbor bacterial endosymbionts, which may increase virulence.

Elevated baseline expression of seven virulence factor RNA transcripts in visceralizing species of : a preliminary quantitative PCR study.

Introduction: Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease that manifests as three major disease phenotypes: cutaneous, mucocutaneous, and visceral. In this preliminary study, we quantified virulence factor (VF) RNA transcript expression in species, stratified by geographic origin and propensity for specific disease phenotypes.

Methods: Cultured promastigotes of 19 clinical and ATCC isolates were extracted for total cellular RNA, cDNA was reverse transcribed, and qPCR assays were performed to quantify VF RNA transcript expression for , , , , , , and .

Molecular Surveillance for Imported Antimicrobial Resistant Plasmodium falciparum, Ontario, Canada.

Single-nucleotide polymorphisms at several loci have been correlated with Plasmodium falciparum drug resistance. We examined the prevalence of resistance markers in P. falciparum from imported malaria cases in Canada during 3 time periods, 2008-2009, 2013-2014, and 2017-2018.

Leishmania RNA virus-1 is similarly detected among metastatic and non-metastatic phenotypes in a prospective cohort of American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis.

American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis (ATL) is an endemic and neglected disease of South America. Here, mucosal leishmaniasis (ML) disproportionately affects up to 20% of subjects with current or previous localised cutaneous leishmaniasis (LCL). Preclinical and clinical reports have implicated the Leishmania RNA virus-1 (LRV1) as a possible determinant of progression to ML and other severe manifestations such as extensive cutaneous and mucosal disease and treatment failure and relapse.

Evaluation of a point-of-care molecular detection device for Leishmania spp. and intercurrent fungal and mycobacterial organisms in Peruvian patients with cutaneous ulcers.

Purpose: Overlapping clinical features of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) with ulcers caused by fungi and mycobacteria necessitate confirmatory diagnostic testing. We evaluated a handheld battery-operated device for detection of CL and common fungal and mycobacterial causes of ulcers.

Methods: We validated Palm PCR™ for detection of common ulcerative skin pathogens using ATCC reference and clinical strains of Leishmania, mycobacteria, and fungi in the lab and field.

Comparison of Whole Genome Sequencing versus Standard Molecular Diagnostics for Species Identification in the Leishmania Viannia Subgenus.

The prognosis and treatment of New World tegumentary leishmaniasis is dependent on the infecting species, yet such species identification in the Leishmania Viannia subgenus poses a diagnostic challenge. Currently, speciation relies on standard molecular techniques such as restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis, and Sanger sequencing (SS). Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) is a robust and increasingly cost-efficient tool that may improve Leishmania species identification.

Molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium isolates from humans in Ontario, Canada.

Background: Cryptosporidiosis is a gastrointestinal disease with global distribution. It has been a reportable disease in Canada since 2000; however, routine molecular surveillance is not conducted. Therefore, sources of contamination are unknown.