Weight Stigma in the Development, Maintenance, and Treatment of Eating Disorders: A Case Series Informing Implications for Research and Practice.

Weight-centric health practices are based on the principle that excess weight predicts chronic disease, informing a growing sociopolitical movement to address an "obesity epidemic." This hyper-focus on preventing obesity may contribute to weight stigma (i.e.

Modification of an inpatient medical management protocol for pediatric Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder: improving the standard of care.

Background: No guidelines currently exist that represent a standardization of care for Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) on an inpatient service. Unique features of this diagnosis (e.g.

An exploration of the association between premorbid weight status on patient and caregiver factors at pre and post-treatment among youth with anorexia nervosa/atypical anorexia nervosa.

Patients with atypical anorexia nervosa (AAN) or anorexia nervosa (AN) with premorbid history of higher weight (PHW; median BMI ≥ 85th %ile) may report greater eating disorder (ED) pathology, anxiety, and depression, than patients with premorbid history of lower weight (PLW; mBMI <85th %ile). Less is known about caregiver attitudes or treatment outcome related to premorbid weight history. The current study examined associations between premorbid weight history and patient/caregiver factors at presentation, during treatment, and end of treatment among adolescents (N = 138) diagnosed with AN/AAN and their caregivers who received interdisciplinary ED treatment.

Eating disorder symptoms among transgender and gender diverse youth.

Compared to cisgender peers, transgender and gender diverse (TGD) youth and adults report elevated eating disorder (ED) symptoms likely related to gender dysphoria and attempts to modify their bodies accordingly. Less is known about the impact on gender-affirming care and ED symptoms. This study aimed to expand on extant research and describe ED symptoms in TGD youth seeking gender-affirming care while exploring potential associations between gender-affirming hormone use and ED symptoms.

Considerations in Evidence-Based Treatment of Adolescents With Atypical Anorexia Nervosa.

There is emerging evidence suggesting atypical anorexia nervosa (AAN), an eating disorder (ED) introduced in the DSM-5, is as serious an ED as anorexia nervosa (AN) in terms of medical risk and ED pathology. Medical hospitalizations among individuals with AAN have significantly increased over the years and individuals with AAN are noted to have longer illness durations and greater weight loss prior to receiving care than individuals with AN. Additionally, AAN is noted to be two to three times more common than AN in community samples of adolescents.

Predictors of caregiver burden before starting family-based treatment for adolescent anorexia nervosa and associations with weight gain during treatment.

Purpose: Caregivers play a pivotal role in the success of family-based treatment (FBT) for anorexia nervosa (AN). Caregiver burden is frequently demonstrated in eating disorders (EDs) and may impact FBT outcomes. This study examined factors associated with caregiver burden before starting FBT and whether pre-treatment caregiver burden was associated with weight gain during FBT.

Clinical characteristics of medically hospitalized youth with anorexia nervosa/atypical anorexia nervosa and premorbid overweight/obesity.

Youth with anorexia nervosa (AN) or atypical anorexia nervosa (AAN) and premorbid overweight/obesity are particularly vulnerable to diagnostic delays, yet research about this patient subset is lacking. This study aimed to compare mental health and demographic characteristics of patients with AN/AAN and premorbid overweight/obesity to patients with premorbid normal weight. Retrospective chart review identified 253 patients (aged 10-22) hospitalized for medical complications of AN/AAN between 2013 and 2020, including 29.

Higher admission and rapid readmission rates among medically hospitalized youth with anorexia nervosa/atypical anorexia nervosa during COVID-19.

The COVID-19 pandemic has had sweeping and deleterious effects on the well-being of individuals worldwide. Eating disorders (EDs) are no exception, with incidence and prevalence of EDs rising since COVID-19 onset. The current study examined inpatient census and readmission rates among youth (aged 8-18) hospitalized for medical complications of anorexia nervosa (AN) or atypical anorexia nervosa (AAN) throughout distinct periods of the COVID-19 pandemic, including pre-COVID-19 (n = 136), COVID-19 lockdown (n = 3), and post COVID-19 lockdown (n = 24).

Intermittent fasting implementation and association with eating disorder symptomatology.

Intermittent fasting (IF) is an emerging dietary trend that remains understudied. This study aimed to describe the implementation and eating disorder (ED) symptomatology, relevant to engagement in IF among both men and women. Intermittent fasters (N = 44 women, N = 20 men) recruited from Amazon Mechanical Turk, Reddit, and a Midwestern University were administered a demographic questionnaire, an assessment of ED symptomatology (Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire; EDE-Q), and asked about their IF use.

Eating disorder severity and psychological morbidity in adolescents with anorexia nervosa or atypical anorexia nervosa and premorbid overweight/obesity.

Purpose: A significant proportion of adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN) or atypical anorexia nervosa (AAN) experience premorbid overweight/obesity, yet distinct characteristics among this subset of patients remain unclear. This study examined eating disorder (ED) symptom severity, psychological morbidity, and weight stigma in patients with premorbid overweight/obesity as compared to patients with premorbid normal weights.

Methods: Participants included adolescents with AN or AAN (aged 12-18) who received multidisciplinary treatment at a pediatric medical center in the United States.

Modifiable factors associated with mental health symptoms in siblings of adolescents with anorexia nervosa.

Purpose: Research demonstrates that anorexia nervosa (AN) takes a significant toll on affected families, yet the well-being of siblings has been largely overlooked. This study examines mental health symptoms in siblings of adolescents with AN and seeks to identify modifiable factors associated with well-being.

Method: Participants included 34 siblings (aged 11-19) of adolescents with AN and 47 age and sex matched controls.

The medial prefrontal cortex: a potential link between self-deception and affect.

The Medial Prefrontal Cortex (MPFC) is crucial for normal social functioning in humans. Because of its involvement in social monitoring, self-awareness, and self-enhancement, the MPFC may be critical to buffering negative affect and establishing a positive self-esteem. For example, we have previously found that disruption of the MPFC leads to more honest responses, which implies that the MPFC may be critically involved in self-deception.

Yoga Practice in a College Sample: Associated Changes in Eating Disorder, Body Image, and Related Factors Over Time.

Yoga practice is associated with improvements in eating disorder (ED) symptoms and body dissatisfaction. This study continued to evaluate this relationship while also assessing changes in variables negatively associated with ED symptoms (self-compassion, mindfulness, body appreciation, self-efficacy) that are emphasized throughout yoga. Men were also included in this study given studies have predominantly focused on women.

Ensuring a competent public health responder workforce: The CDC experience.

Introduction: From 2009 to 2016, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) activated its Incident Management System for a public health emergency 91 percent of the time. The CDC must ensure its workforce is prepared for the evolving nature of emergencies.

Objectives: The purpose of this assessment was to identify perceived preparedness and response training needs for the CDC responder workforce.

Late organ failures in patients with prolonged intensive care unit stays.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to characterize the organ failures that develop among patients with prolonged ICU stays, defined as those who spent a minimum of 14 days in an ICU.

Methods: We retrospectively studied a cohort of consecutive patients from a university hospital who were in an ICU for a minimum of 14 days during 2014-2016. We calculated daily Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores from admission to ICU day 14.

Speed of Processing Time Slowing in Eating Disorders.

We applied Brinley ( 1965 ) plot analysis to the eating disorders field. Across 23 studies and 165 experimental conditions [experienced by a total of 773 eating disorder (ED) participants, including anorexia nervosa (AN), binge eating (BE), bulimia nervosa (BN), and eating disorders not otherwise specified (EDNOS) and 995 controls], the best-fit regression equation was Y (ED) = 1.08 X (CONTROL) - 31.

Internet-Delivered Health Interventions That Work: Systematic Review of Meta-Analyses and Evaluation of Website Availability.

Background: Due to easy access and low cost, Internet-delivered therapies offer an attractive alternative to improving health. Although numerous websites contain health-related information, finding evidence-based programs (as demonstrated through randomized controlled trials, RCTs) can be challenging. We sought to bridge the divide between the knowledge gained from RCTs and communication of the results by conducting a global systematic review and analyzing the availability of evidence-based Internet health programs.

Are antimicrobial peripherally inserted central catheters associated with reduction in central line-associated bloodstream infection? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Antimicrobial peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) may reduce the risk of central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI). However, data regarding efficacy are limited. We aimed to evaluate whether antimicrobial PICCs are associated with CLABSI reduction.

Evaluation of a Blocked-Trials Procedure to Establish Complex Stimulus Control over Intraverbal Responses in Children with Autism.

We evaluated the use of a blocked-trials procedure to establish complex stimulus control over intraverbal responses. The participants were four young boys with a diagnosis of autism who had struggled to master intraverbals. The blocked-trials procedures involved presentation of stimuli in separate trial blocks.

Impact of the 2012 extreme drought conditions on private well owners in the United States, a qualitative analysis.

Background: Extreme hot and dry weather during summer 2012 resulted in some of the most devastating drought conditions in the last half-century in the United States (U.S.).

Variation in the Contents of Sepsis Bundles and Quality Measures. A Systematic Review.

Rationale: Sepsis contributes to one in every two to three inpatient hospital deaths. Early recognition and treatment are instrumental in reducing mortality, yet there are substantial quality gaps. Sepsis bundles containing quality metrics are often used in efforts to improve outcomes.

Dialectical behavior therapy skills for transdiagnostic emotion dysregulation: a pilot randomized controlled trial.

Difficulties with emotions are common across mood and anxiety disorders. Dialectical behavior therapy skills training (DBT-ST) reduces emotion dysregulation in borderline personality disorder (BPD). Preliminary evidence suggests that use of DBT skills mediates changes seen in BPD treatments.

CDC's Health Equity Resource Toolkit: disseminating guidance for state practitioners to address obesity disparities.

Obesity has been on the rise in the United States over the past three decades, and is high. In addition to population-wide trends, it is clear that obesity affects some groups more than others and can be associated with age, income, education, gender, race and ethnicity, and geographic region. To reverse the obesity epidemic, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) promotes evidence-based and practice-informed strategies to address nutrition and physical activity environments and behaviors.