Publications by authors named "Rachel Kim"

Objective: Determine if diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) increases the incidence of postpartum depression (PPD) in rural Appalachian Ohio.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted to review pregnancies between February 2020 and March 2023 to look for diagnoses of gestational diabetes and PPD.

Results: The population studied showed that 5.

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Astrocytes are a highly abundant glial cell type and perform critical homeostatic functions in the central nervous system. Like neurons, astrocytes have many discrete heterogeneous subtypes. The subtype identity and functions are, at least in part, associated with their anatomical location and can be highly restricted to strategically important anatomical domains.

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Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other age-related disorders associated with demyelination exhibit sex differences. In this work, we used single-nuclei transcriptomics to dissect the contributions of sex chromosomes and gonads in demyelination and AD. In a mouse model of demyelination, we identified the roles of sex chromosomes and gonads in modifying microglia and oligodendrocyte responses before and after myelin loss.

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The AlphaFold Protein Structure Database (AFDB) is the largest repository of accurately predicted structures with taxonomic labels. Despite providing predictions for over 214 million UniProt entries, the AFDB does not cover viral sequences, severely limiting their study. To address this, we created the Big Fantastic Virus Database (BFVD), a repository of 351 242 protein structures predicted by applying ColabFold to the viral sequence representatives of the UniRef30 clusters.

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Protein C deficiency is a hereditary disorder that increases the risk of thrombotic events but has unclear effects on rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) analysis. A man in his 60s with a history of protein C deficiency and multiple thrombotic events underwent inferior vena cava (IVC) filter removal, iliocaval thrombectomy and infrarenal IVC placement for IVC-related complete iliocaval and common femoral vein thromboses. A ROTEM analysis showed normal coagulation in NATEM and EXTEM and only a slight shortening in A10 and A20 in INTEM, which was unexpected given his diagnosis of protein C deficiency.

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How astrocytes regulate neuronal circuits is a fundamental, unsolved question in neurobiology. Nevertheless, few studies have explored the rules that govern when astrocytes respond to different neurotransmitters and how they affect downstream circuit modulation. Here, we report an unexpected mechanism in by which G-protein coupled adrenergic signaling in astrocytes can control, or "gate," their ability to respond to other neurotransmitters.

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Purpose: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of pediatric death and disability. Abusive head trauma confers greater morbidity and mortality compared with accidental TBI. National trends reveal disproportionate involvement of minority children in the child welfare system.

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Background And Purpose: Ultra-high dose-rate radiotherapy (FLASH) has been shown to mitigate normal tissue toxicities associated with conventional dose rate radiotherapy (CONV) without compromising tumor killing in preclinical models. A prominent challenge in preclinical radiation research, including FLASH, is validating both the physical dosimetry and the biological effects across multiple institutions.

Materials And Methods: We previously demonstrated dosimetric reproducibility of two different electron FLASH devices at separate institutions using standardized phantoms and dosimeters.

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Article Synopsis
  • This study investigates the effectiveness of adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) derived from intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN), highlighting the need for tailored treatment approaches due to limited evidence on this specific type of cancer.
  • In a cohort of 1,031 patients, factors like nodal disease and elevated levels of carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) were linked to worse overall survival, with high-risk patients showing significant survival benefits from adjuvant chemotherapy.
  • The findings suggest that a significant portion of patients (approximately 79.3%) are either overtreated or undertreated, emphasizing the
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Purpose Of Review: The ongoing rise in temperature poses significant public health concerns such as exposure to extreme heat and increased prevalence of heat-related illnesses. Given that pediatric populations are particularly vulnerable to heat-related risks, pediatricians need to be prepared to counsel caregivers and patients on heat protective strategies and treatment recommendations.

Recent Findings: Children are physiologically susceptible to heat-related complications.

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Background: Little is known about the prognostic significance of pancreatic duct (PD) dilation following pancreatoduodenectomy for intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN). Although PD dilation is typically the hallmark radiographic feature of IPMN, other causes of PD dilation exist, including anastomotic stricture, pancreatitis, senescence, and postsurgical passive dilation. Therefore, PD dilation after pancreatoduodenectomy for IPMN represents a diagnostic and management dilemma.

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Type II topoisomerases (topos) are a ubiquitous and essential class of enzymes that form transient enzyme-bound double-stranded breaks on DNA called cleavage complexes. The location and frequency of these cleavage complexes on DNA is important for cellular function, genomic stability and a number of clinically important anticancer and antibacterial drugs, e.g.

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Introduction: Pancreatic cancer remains one of the deadliest cancers in the United States. Some types of pancreatic cysts, which are being detected more frequently and often incidentally on imaging, have the potential to develop into pancreatic cancer and thus provide a valuable window of opportunity for cancer interception. Although racial disparity in pancreatic cancer has been described, little is known regarding health disparities in pancreatic cancer prevention.

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Type II topoisomerases (topos) are a ubiquitous and essential class of enzymes that form transient enzyme-bound double-stranded breaks on DNA called cleavage complexes. The location and frequency of these cleavage complexes on DNA is important for cellular function, genomic stability, and a number of clinically important anticancer and antibacterial drugs, e.g.

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Article Synopsis
  • This study focuses on treatment-resistant depression (TRD), which affects about one-third of major depressive disorder (MDD) patients, and aims to clarify its genetic basis since previous research hasn't pinpointed specific genetic markers.* -
  • Researchers used electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) as an indicator of TRD and applied machine learning to analyze health records, performing a genome-wide association study involving over 154,000 patients in four large biobanks.* -
  • The findings revealed low heritability estimates and identified two significant genetic loci associated with TRD, suggesting links to other traits like cognition and metabolism, which could have implications for future treatments.*
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Background And Aim: Identifying clinical characteristics and outcomes of different ethnicities in the US may inform treatment for hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Aim of this study is to identify predictors of mortality among US races/ethnicities.

Design Setting And Participants: We retrospectively analyzed de-identified data from 9,873 COVID-19 patients who were hospitalized at 15 US hospital centers in 11 states (March 2020-November 2020).

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Article Synopsis
  • Same day discharge after minimally invasive gynecology oncology surgery is both safe and sustainable, with rates maintaining around 72% one year post-implementation of a quality improvement program.
  • The program led to a significant decrease in unnecessary post-operative clinic visits and bowel prep usage, while not increasing complication rates or hospital readmissions.
  • Factors identified as significant in influencing same day discharge included the start time of the procedure and the level of narcotic use during hospitalization.
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Background: To study the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on traumatic brain injury (TBI) patient demographic, clinical and trauma related characteristics, and outcomes.

Methods: Retrospective chart review was conducted on pediatric TBI patients admitted to a Level I Pediatric Trauma Center between January 2015 and June 2022. The pre-COVID era was defined as January 1, 2015, through March 12, 2020.

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Objective: Chat Generative Pretrained Transformer-3.5 (ChatGPT) is a publicly available and free artificial intelligence chatbot that logs billions of visits per day; parents may rely on such tools for developmental and behavioral medical consultations. The objective of this study was to determine how ChatGPT evaluates developmental and behavioral pediatrics (DBP) case studies and makes recommendations and diagnoses.

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This study explored predictors of community-based providers' adherence to MATCH, a modular cognitive behavioral therapy for children and adolescents. Provider-reported adherence to MATCH was measured using three increasingly strict criteria: (1) session content (whether the session covered MATCH content consistent with the client's target problem), (2) session content and sequencing (whether the session covered MATCH content in the expected sequence for the client's target problem), and (3) session content, sequencing, and participant (whether the session covered MATCH content in the expected sequence and with the expected participant(s) for the client's target problem). Session, client, provider, and organizational predictors of adherence to MATCH were assessed using multilevel modeling.

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Purpose: To determine the correlation of Fitzpatrick Skin Type (FST) and iris color with tumor size (tumor thickness and basal diameter) in patients with uveal melanoma.

Design: Retrospective Cohort METHODS: Retrospective cohort from a single ocular oncology center of 823 patients with uveal melanoma and documented FST, iris color, and tumor size. Patients were classified by FST (type I, II, and III-V) and iris color (blue, green, and brown) on the basis of external facial photography.

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