Publications by authors named "Rachel Holstein"
Background: While the estimated number of U.S. influenza-associated deaths is reported annually, detailed data on the epidemiology of influenza-associated deaths, including the burden of in-hospital versus post-hospital discharge deaths are limited.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Pneumonia is frequent among adults hospitalized with confirmed influenza, but the impact of how quickly antiviral treatment is given on severe outcomes is not well understood.
- The study analyzed data from over 26,000 adults hospitalized between 2012-2019 to see how the timing of antiviral treatment (given on the day of admission vs. later) affected 30-day mortality rates.
- Results showed that those who received treatment later (days 2-5) had a significantly higher risk of death compared to those treated on the same day of admission, emphasizing the need for prompt treatment.
Background: Firearm-related violence (FRV) is a public health crisis in the United States that impacts individuals across the lifespan. This study sought to investigate patterns of injury and outcomes of firearm-related injury (FRI) in elderly victims and the impact of social determinants of health on this age demographic.
Methods: A retrospective review of the trauma registry at a large Level I center was performed from 2016-2021.
Background: Influenza burden varies across seasons, partly due to differences in circulating influenza virus types or subtypes. Using data from the US population-based surveillance system, Influenza Hospitalization Surveillance Network (FluSurv-NET), we aimed to assess the severity of influenza-associated outcomes in individuals hospitalised with laboratory-confirmed influenza virus infections during the 2010-11 to 2018-19 influenza seasons.
Methods: To evaluate the association between influenza virus type or subtype causing the infection (influenza A H3N2, A H1N1pdm09, and B viruses) and in-hospital severity outcomes (intensive care unit [ICU] admission, use of mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation [ECMO], and death), we used FluSurv-NET to capture data for laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated hospitalisations from the 2010-11 to 2018-19 influenza seasons for individuals of all ages living in select counties in 13 US states.
Background: Firearm-related injury (FRI) became the leading cause of death among children/adolescents in 2019.
Purpose: This study sought to determine changes over time in the population of adolescents affected by FRI in Atlanta, Georgia, such that high risk cohorts could be identified.
Research Design: City-wide retrospective cohort review.
Drug use and severe outcomes among adults hospitalized with influenza, 2016-2019.
Influenza Other Respir Viruses
January 2023
Background: Influenza is a persistent public health problem associated with severe morbidity and mortality. Drug use is related to myriad health complications, but the relationship between drug use and severe influenza outcomes is not well understood. The study objective was to evaluate the relationship between drug use and severe influenza-associated outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Influenza and SARS-CoV-2 cause significant respiratory illness in children, prompting an analysis of hospitalization rates and outcomes among those under 18 years old.
- The study found that the COVID-19 hospitalization rate (48.2 per 100,000) was higher than influenza rates from previous seasons, especially among adolescents aged 12-17.
- While more children with COVID-19 required ICU admission compared to those with influenza, pediatric deaths were rare for both illnesses, indicating COVID-19 adds to the existing burden of severe respiratory illness in children.
Background: Pregnant women may be at increased risk for severe influenza-associated outcomes.
Objective: To describe characteristics and outcomes of hospitalized pregnant women with influenza.
Design: Repeated cross-sectional study.
Article Synopsis
- This study investigates the relationship between race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and COVID-19 hospitalization rates using data from the COVID-NET surveillance network during early 2020.
- Findings show that a significant portion of COVID-19 hospitalizations occurred among racial and ethnic minorities, with the highest rates found in high-poverty areas, particularly among Black and Hispanic populations.
- The conclusion emphasizes the need for targeted public health strategies and vaccination efforts to support racial and ethnic minorities and those in high-poverty communities effectively.
Article Synopsis
- COVID-19 can cause serious health issues in children and adolescents, despite adults being more frequently hospitalized or dying from the virus.
- * As schools reopen for in-person learning during an uptick in cases from the Delta variant, monitoring COVID-19 impacts on younger populations becomes crucial.
- * Data from March 2020 to August 2021 reveals a significant increase in COVID-19 hospitalizations among children, especially in unvaccinated individuals, highlighting the importance of vaccination and preventative measures in schools to protect this age group.
Importance: Racial and ethnic minority groups, such as Black, Hispanic, American Indian or Alaska Native, and Asian or Pacific Islander persons, often experience higher rates of severe influenza disease.
Objective: To describe rates of influenza-associated hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and in-hospital death by race and ethnicity over 10 influenza seasons.
Design, Setting, And Participants: This cross-sectional study used data from the Influenza-Associated Hospitalization Surveillance Network (FluSurv-NET), which conducts population-based surveillance for laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated hospitalizations in selected counties, representing approximately 9% of the US population.
Background: Currently, the United States has the largest number of reported coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases and deaths globally. Using a geographically diverse surveillance network, we describe risk factors for severe outcomes among adults hospitalized with COVID-19.
Methods: We analyzed data from 2491 adults hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 between 1 March-2 May 2020, as identified through the Coronavirus Disease 2019-Associated Hospitalization Surveillance Network, which comprises 154 acute-care hospitals in 74 counties in 13 states.
Since SARS-CoV-2, the novel coronavirus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), was first detected in December 2019 (1), approximately 1.3 million cases have been reported worldwide (2), including approximately 330,000 in the United States (3). To conduct population-based surveillance for laboratory-confirmed COVID-19-associated hospitalizations in the United States, the COVID-19-Associated Hospitalization Surveillance Network (COVID-NET) was created using the existing infrastructure of the Influenza Hospitalization Surveillance Network (FluSurv-NET) (4) and the Respiratory Syncytial Virus Hospitalization Surveillance Network (RSV-NET).
View Article and Find Full Text PDF