The antipsychotic medications aripiprazole, brexpiprazole and cariprazine are off-target respiratory chain complex I inhibitors.

Antipsychotic drugs are the mainstay of treatment for schizophrenia and provide adjunct therapies for other prevalent psychiatric conditions, including bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder. However, they also induce debilitating extrapyramidal syndromes (EPS), such as Parkinsonism, in a significant minority of patients. The majority of antipsychotic drugs function as dopamine receptor antagonists in the brain while the most recent 'third'-generation, such as aripiprazole, act as partial agonists.

Value of Thoracic CT in Blunt Trauma Patients With High Glasgow Coma Scale and Low Injury Severity Scale.

Objective: To determine the value of ordering a routine chest CT (CCT) in patients with blunt trauma presenting to the emergency department with a high GCS and low ISS, we retrospectively collected patient data including CT scan results, when physical examination and initial chest X-ray were normal in the trauma bay area.

Methods: A retrospective data collection of 901 consecutive blunt trauma patients seen in the ED between 2017 and 2019 was analyzed. Data included physical examination, age, gender, current use of anticoagulation therapy, comorbid conditions, as well as the result of radiologic images, hospital length of stay, surgical intervention, and mortality.

Prevalence of Antimicrobial Resistance in Select Bacteria From Retail Seafood-United States, 2019.

In 2019, the United States National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS) surveyed raw salmon, shrimp, and tilapia from retail grocery outlets in eight states to assess the prevalence of bacterial contamination and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in the isolates. Prevalence of the targeted bacterial genera ranged among the commodities: (0%-0.4%), (19%-26%), (7%-43%), (0.

Cultivation of common bacterial species and strains from human skin, oral, and gut microbiota.

Background: Genomics-driven discoveries of microbial species have provided extraordinary insights into the biodiversity of human microbiota. In addition, a significant portion of genetic variation between microbiota exists at the subspecies, or strain, level. High-resolution genomics to investigate species- and strain-level diversity and mechanistic studies, however, rely on the availability of individual microbes from a complex microbial consortia.

Fast Discrimination of Marijuana using Automated High-throughput Cannabis Sample Preparation and Analysis by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry.

In the United States, federal law and many state laws differentiate between marijuana and industrial hemp through delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) levels, whereby the latter is defined as ≤0.3 percent THC on a dry weight basis. Many traditional cannabis identification methods employed by crime laboratories cannot accurately determine total THC quantities in accordance with federal and state regulations, or do so with increased time, labor, and risks of instrument damage.

Identification of a novel toxicophore in anti-cancer chemotherapeutics that targets mitochondrial respiratory complex I.

Disruption of mitochondrial function selectively targets tumour cells that are dependent on oxidative phosphorylation. However, due to their high energy demands, cardiac cells are disproportionately targeted by mitochondrial toxins resulting in a loss of cardiac function. An analysis of the effects of mubritinib on cardiac cells showed that this drug did not inhibit HER2 as reported, but directly inhibits mitochondrial respiratory complex I, reducing cardiac-cell beat rate, with prolonged exposure resulting in cell death.

Natural history of a fibrous cephalic plaque and sustained eight decade follow-up in an 80 year old with tuberous sclerosis complex type 2.

Introduction: Fibrous cephalic plaques (FCP) are a characteristic manifestation of tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) and occur in one third of cases. Their natural history and long term course is unknown, as is the outcome of long term follow-up of TSC cases in old age.

Phenotype And Methods: We describe an 80 year old with TSC due to a c.

Host-Specific Evolutionary and Transmission Dynamics Shape the Functional Diversification of Staphylococcus epidermidis in Human Skin.

Metagenomic inferences of bacterial strain diversity and infectious disease transmission studies largely assume a dominant, within-individual haplotype. We hypothesize that within-individual bacterial population diversity is critical for homeostasis of a healthy microbiome and infection risk. We characterized the evolutionary trajectory and functional distribution of Staphylococcus epidermidis-a keystone skin microbe and opportunistic pathogen.

Informal caregiving experiences in posttraumatic stress disorder: A content analysis of an online community.

This study explored the experiences of individuals who self-identify as providing support to a friend, family member, or significant other with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We analyzed and coded a total of 345 posts from an online support forum, with reference to 13 categories (finances, life interference, venting/emotional expression, maltreatment, sexual behavior, distress, prevented expression, physical health, communication, no personal space, isolation, and compassion fatigue). Categories for coding were established a priori and based on previous literature about caregiving and supporting.

Aging affects isoproterenol-induced water drinking, astrocyte density, and central neuronal activation in female Brown Norway rats.

Age-dependent impairments in the central control of compensatory responses to body fluid challenges have received scant experimental attention, especially in females. In the present study, we found that water drinking in response to β-adrenergic activation with isoproterenol (30 μg/kg, s.c.

Altered Blood Flow Response to Small Muscle Mass Exercise in Cancer Survivors Treated With Adjuvant Therapy.

Background: Adjuvant cancer treatments have been shown to decrease cardiac function. In addition to changes in cardiovascular risk, there are several additional functional consequences including decreases in exercise capacity and increased incidence of cancer-related fatigue. However, the effects of adjuvant cancer treatment on peripheral vascular function during exercise in cancer survivors have not been well documented.

Influence of Adjuvant Therapy in Cancer Survivors on Endothelial Function and Skeletal Muscle Deoxygenation.

The cardiotoxic effects of adjuvant cancer treatments (i.e., chemotherapy and radiation treatment) have been well documented, but the effects on peripheral cardiovascular function are still unclear.

Influence of prior anterograde shear rate exposure on exercise-induced brachial artery dilation.

Shear rate can elicit substantial adaptations to vascular endothelial function. Recent studies indicate that prior exposure to anterograde flow and shear increases endothelium-dependent flow-mediated dilation at rest and that anterograde shear can create an anti-atherosclerotic and provasodilatory state. The primary aim of the present study was therefore to determine the effects of prior exposure to anterograde shear on exercise-induced brachial artery dilation, total forearm blood flow (FBF), and vascular conductance (FVC) during dynamic handgrip exercise.

The prevalence of pica in tuberous sclerosis complex.

Background: Pica and Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) are rare disorders. We carried out a population survey of pica in our TSC patient population.

Findings: Pica was identified in four percent of cases of TSC.

Behind closed doors: school nurses and sexual education.

School nurses can play a key role in providing sexual education in schools. However, they often face barriers from the school administration and concerned parents. Additionally, school nurses may have limited formal preparation in managing sexual health issues.

Leydig cell tumor of the testis in tuberous sclerosis: lack of second hit events.

This article presents the case of an adult patient with tuberous sclerosis complex who presented with large right benign and left malignant Leydig cell tumors. The tumors were examined to determine if they showed the classic hallmarks of / involvement.

Constellation of five facial features of tuberous sclerosis in a child with a TSC2 1808A>G mutation.

This article presents the case of an 8-year-old boy with a 1801A>G mutation who has five facial features of tuberous sclerosis complex.

Coping with challenges to memory in people with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease: observation of behaviour in response to analogues of everyday situations.

Objectives: To describe ways of coping in people with mild to moderate AD when faced with situations that are challenging to their memory.

Method: Twenty-four participants (12 with mild and 12 with moderate AD) were presented with a set of seven tasks that were analogues of everyday situations that tax memory. The participants' responses were videotaped and analysed.

Measuring awareness in people with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease: development of the Memory Awareness Rating Scale--adjusted.

Variations in level of awareness among people with Alzheimer's disease (AD) may impact on well-being for the person with dementia and their carer, and may influence outcomes of cognitive rehabilitation interventions. Awareness has often been assessed using discrepancies between self and proxy rating or between self-rating and objective task performance, with the latter considered to be preferable. Measures are available that are suitable for people with mild AD, for example the Memory Awareness Rating Scale (MARS).