Cardiovascular-Liver-Metabolic Health: Recommendations in Screening, Diagnosis, and Management of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in Cardiovascular Disease via Modified Delphi Approach.

There is a new awareness of the widespread nature of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and its connection to cardiovascular disease (CVD). This has catalyzed collaboration between cardiologists, hepatologists, endocrinologists, and the wider multidisciplinary team to address the need for earlier identification of those with MASLD who are at increased risk for CVD. The overlap in the pathophysiologic processes and parallel prevalence of CVD, metabolic syndrome, and MASLD highlight the multisystem consequences of poor cardiovascular-liver-metabolic health.

Corticosteroids in critically ill patients with community-acquired pneumonia: A systematic review and Bayesian meta-analysis.

Introduction: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of adjunct systemic corticosteroid therapy in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with bacterial community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).

Method: We searched MEDLINE, Embase and the Cochrane Library to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published from the databases' inception to February 2024. All RCTs evaluating the effect of systemic corticosteroids on mortality, compared to standard of care among adult bacterial CAP patients admitted to ICU were included.

Investigating the efficacy of ergothioneine to delay cognitive decline in mild cognitively impaired subjects: A pilot study.

Background: Dementia, particularly Alzheimer's disease, is a major healthcare challenge in ageing societies.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of a dietary compound, ergothioneine, in delaying cognitive decline in older individuals.

Methods: Nineteen subjects aged 60 or above with mild cognitive impairment were recruited for this double-blinded, randomized, and placebo-controlled study (ClinicalTrials.

Parenteral nutrition-related complications in older patients with acute intestinal failure: A descriptive cohort study.

Introduction: Reported outcomes for parenteral nutrition (PN)-related complications in older adult patients with acute intestinal failure who are receiving PN in the acute hospital setting are limited. Our study aims to compare PN-related complications between older and younger adult patients.

Methods: A retrospective descriptive study of inpatients who were administered PN from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2019, was performed.

Epicardial Adipose Tissue Assessed by Computed Tomography and Echocardiography Are Associated With Adverse Cardiovascular Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) has garnered attention as a prognostic and risk stratification factor for cardiovascular disease. This study, via meta-analyses, evaluates the associations between EAT and cardiovascular outcomes stratified across imaging modalities, ethnic groups, and study protocols.

Methods: Medline and Embase databases were searched without date restriction on May 2022 for articles that examined EAT and cardiovascular outcomes.

Higher risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes in females with type 2 diabetes Mellitus: an Umbrella review of systematic reviews.

Background: Previous studies have shown that females with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) may have excess mortality risk compared to their male counterparts. An important next step to address the high global burden of T2DM and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is an umbrella review to summarize data on sex differences in cardiovascular outcomes for patients with T2DM and assess the strength of the evidence observed.

Methods And Results: Medline and Embase were searched from inception till 7 August 2022 for systematic reviews and meta-analyses studying the effects of sex on cardiovascular outcomes in T2DM patients.

Socioeconomic deprivation and prognostic outcomes in acute coronary syndrome: A meta-analysis using multidimensional socioeconomic status indices.

Background: Low socioeconomic status (SES) is an important prognosticator amongst patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). This paper analysed the effects of SES on ACS outcomes.

Methods: Medline and Embase were searched for articles reporting outcomes of ACS patients stratified by SES using a multidimensional index, comprising at least 2 of the following components: Income, Education and Employment.

Mortality, Cardiovascular, and Medication Outcomes in Patients With Myocardial Infarction and Underweight in a Meta-Analysis of 6.3 Million Patients.

Although most of the current evidence on myocardial infarction focuses on obesity, there is growing evidence that patients who are underweight have unfavorable prognosis. This study aimed to explore the prevalence, clinical characteristics, and prognosis of this population at risk. Embase and Medline were searched for studies reporting outcomes in populations who were underweight with myocardial infarction.

The global syndemic of metabolic diseases in the young adult population: A consortium of trends and projections from the Global Burden of Disease 2000-2019.

Background: A significant proportion of premature deaths globally are related to metabolic diseases in young adults. We examined the global trends and mortality of metabolic diseases in individuals aged below 40 years using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019.

Methods: From 2000 to 2019, global estimates of deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were described for metabolic diseases (type 2 diabetes mellitus [T2DM], hyperlipidemia, hypertension, obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease [NAFLD]).

Barriers and Facilitators to Engagement With a Weight Management Intervention in Asian Patients With Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Review.

Objective: The obesity epidemic is a global health concern with Asian countries facing one of the most rapid rises in obesity rates. However, given the underwhelming long-term efficacy of weight loss strategies, especially in Asia, this review aimed to explore barriers and facilitators to weight management of patients with overweight and obesity in Asia.

Methods: Medline, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Web of Science were searched for articles discussing barriers and facilitators of treatment to obesity from the perspectives of both health care professionals (HCPs) and patients.

Bayesian Meta-analysis of Direct Oral Anticoagulation Versus Vitamin K Antagonists With or Without Concomitant Antiplatelet After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation in Patients With Anticoagulation Indication.

Patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) commonly have co-morbidities requiring anticoagulation. However, the optimal post-procedural anticoagulation regimen is not well-established. This meta-analysis investigates safety and efficacy outcomes of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) and Vitamin K Antagonist (VKA), with or without concomitant antiplatelet therapy.

Higher mortality in acute coronary syndrome patients without standard modifiable risk factors: Results from a global meta-analysis of 1,285,722 patients.

Background: Standard modifiable cardiovascular risk factors (SMuRF), comprising diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and smoking, are used for risk stratification in acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Recent studies showed an increasing proportion of SMuRF-less ACS patients.

Methods: Embase, Medline and Pubmed were searched for studies comparing SMuRF-less and SMuRF patients with first presentation of ACS.

The use of standardized commercially available parenteral nutrition as a bridge to customized compounded bag in the acute hospital setting is safe and feasible.

Background & Aims: The use of standardized commercially available parenteral nutrition (SCAPN) as a starter bag to bridge to customized compounded PN offers the advantage of starting PN on the same day of consult, avoiding delays in nutrition delivery. We aim to evaluate the safety and feasibility of using SCAPN as a bridge to compounded PN in the acute hospital setting.

Methods: Retrospective review of patients on PN from Aug 2018 to Sep 2019 was performed.

Comparison of biodegradable and newer generation durable polymer drug-eluting stents with short-term dual antiplatelet therapy: a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis of randomized trials comprising of 43,875 patients.

Newer generation durable polymer drug-eluting stents (DP-DES) and biodegradable polymer DES (BP-DES) have similar efficacy with dual-antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) duration of > 6 months. However, this difference in outcomes have not been well studied in shorter DAPT regime. This study compares the safety and efficacy profiles of DP-DES and BP-DES based on short-term (1-3 months), intermediate-term (4-6 months) and standard DAPT (6-12 months) durations.

PET Imaging of brain muscarinic receptors with F-Fluorobenzyl-Dexetimide: A first in human study.

M1 and M4 muscarinic receptor (mAChR) agonists are under development for the treatment of schizophrenia, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. We performed first-in-human PET imaging of mAChR with F-Fluorobenzyl-Dexetimide (FDEX) in 10 healthy participants (29.4±4.