Integrated Physical-Mental Healthcare Services in Specialist Settings to Improve Outcomes for Older People Living With Mental Health Diagnoses: A Systematic Review.

Background: Many older people are now living with co-occurring physical and mental health disorders, but these often managed separately. The aim of this systematic review was to explore integrated physical-mental health care services available internationally for older people living with mental health diagnoses, and whether these result in improved health outcomes.

Methods: Medline, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO and Scopus were searched with a predefined search strategy (PROSPERO: CRD42022383824), generating 6210 articles.

A realist evaluation of a multifactorial falls prevention programme in care homes.

Background: falls in care homes are common, costly and hard to prevent.Multifactorial falls programmes demonstrate clinical and cost-effectiveness, but the heterogeneity of the care home sector is a barrier to their implementation. A fuller appreciation of the relationship between care home context and falls programme delivery will guide development and support implementation.

The Cognition and Flow Study (CogFlowS): A Mixed Method Evaluation of a Randomized Feasibility Trial of Cognitive Training in Dementia.

Background: Cognitive training (CT) may be beneficial in delaying the onset or slowing dementia progression. CT has been evaluated quantitatively and qualitatively, but none have used mixed methods approaches.

Objective: The aim of this study was to use a mixed methods approach to identify those who may selectively benefit from CT.

Qualitative Analysis of the Cognition and Flow (CoGFlowS) Study: An Individualized Approach to Cognitive Training for Dementia Is Needed.

Background: Cognitive training (CT) may have benefits for both healthy older adults (HC) and those with early cognitive disorders [mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia]. However, few studies have qualitatively evaluated home-based, computerized CT programs.

Objective: We present the qualitative arm of a feasibility randomized controlled trial evaluating a CT program for HC and people living with MCI or dementia.

Preoperative inflammatory mediators and postoperative delirium: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Postoperative delirium has eluded attempts to define its complex aetiology and describe specific risk factors. The role of neuroinflammation as a risk factor, determined by measuring blood levels of preoperative 'innate' inflammatory mediator levels, has been investigated. However, results have been conflicting.

Learning from a successful process evaluation in care homes.

Introduction: process evaluations (PE) are increasingly used in parallel with randomised controlled trials (RCT) to inform the implementation of complex health interventions. This paper explores the learning accrued from conducting a PE within the Falls in Care Homes Study (FinCH), a large UK RCT.

Methods: in the FinCH study, six purposively sampled care homes provided data for the PE, which followed a realist approach.

Effects of brain training on brain blood flow (The Cognition and Flow Study-CogFlowS): protocol for a feasibility randomised controlled trial of cognitive training in dementia.

Introduction: Cognitive training is an emerging non-pharmacological treatment to improve cognitive and physical function in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and early Alzheimer's disease (AD). Abnormal brain blood flow is a key process in the development of cognitive decline. However, no studies have explored the effects of cognitive training on brain blood flow in dementia.

Frequent respiratory events in postoperative patients aged 60 years and above.

There is limited information on the occurrence of respiratory events in postoperative patients after discharge from the postanesthesia care unit. We studied the respiratory rate (RR) of 68 patients aged 60 years and above during the first 6 hours following elective surgery under general anesthesia to assess the frequency of respiratory events in the care unit and on the ward. RR was derived from the continuous RR counter RespiR8, measuring RR by quantifying the humidity of exhaled air.

Retesting the Hypothesis of a Clinical Randomized Controlled Trial in a Simulation Environment to Validate Anesthesia Simulation in Error Research (the VASER Study).

Background: Simulation has been used to investigate clinical questions in anesthesia, surgery, and related disciplines, but there are few data demonstrating that results apply to clinical settings. We asked "would results of a simulation-based study justify the same principal conclusions as those of a larger clinical study?"

Methods: We compared results from a randomized controlled trial in a simulated environment involving 80 cases at three centers with those from a randomized controlled trial in a clinical environment involving 1,075 cases. In both studies, we compared conventional methods of anesthetic management with the use of a multimodal system (SAFERsleep; Safer Sleep LLC, Nashville, Tennessee) designed to reduce drug administration errors.