Diffuse orbital inflammation: an atypical manifestation of Behcet's disease.

Behcet's disease is a chronic, relapsing systemic vasculitis characterised by multisystem involvement from small, medium and large vessel inflammation. Common manifestations include oral and genital ulcers, rash, uveitis and neurological symptoms, while orbital inflammation is rare. An Asian man in his 40s with Behcet's disease on immunosuppression presented with 10 days of unilateral periorbital swelling and painful eye movements, unresponsive to oral antibiotics.

Risk of Vertebral Fracture in Individuals with End-Stage Renal Disease Secondary to Vasculitis.

Background: Glucocorticoids are central to vasculitis treatment but increase vertebral fracture risk. This study assessed whether vasculitis as the cause of ESRD is associated with incident vertebral fracture, controlling for corticosteroid use.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted from 2006-2019 on adults in the U.

Weight change, variability, and trajectories and risk of hip fracture among older adults with dysglycemia: the cardiovascular health study.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus and lower weight are both associated with osteoporotic fractures, but the roles of variability and trajectory are less clear. The associations of these factors among older adults with dysglycemia, who are at highest risk of fracture, with fracture risk and BMD remain uncertain. We followed 775 men and 1080 women from the Cardiovascular Health Study (mean age 77.

Association of serum levels of phenylalanine and tyrosine with hip fractures and frailty in older adults: The cardiovascular health study.

Unlabelled: This study examined if the amino acids phenylalanine or tyrosine contribute to risk of hip fracture or frailty in older adults. We determined that neither phenylalanine nor tyrosine are important predictors of hip fracture or frailty. We suggest advice on protein intake for skeletal health consider specific amino acid composition.

The Association of Tryptophan and Its Metabolites With Incident Hip Fractures, Mortality, and Prevalent Frailty in Older Adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study.

Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, and sufficient protein intake is important for skeletal health. We utilized stored serum from the Cardiovascular Health Study in 1992-1993 to examine the relationship between levels of the essential amino acid tryptophan (trp) and its oxidized and nonoxidized metabolites to risk for incident hip fractures and mortality over 12 years of follow-up. We included 131 persons who sustained a hip fracture during this time period and 131 without a hip fracture over these same 12 years of follow-up; 58% female and 95% White.

Pulmonary-Renal Syndrome from Levamisole-Adulterated Cocaine-Induced Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody (ANCA)-Associated Vasculitis: A Systematic Review.

Levamisole is an anti-helminthic drug with immunomodulatory properties that is added to cocaine to increase its potency and weight. Levamisole-adulterated cocaine (LAC) may cause an antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated systemic small vessel vasculitis (AAV). We aimed to characterize the phenotype of persons developing pulmonary-renal syndrome (PRS) in LAC-induced AAV and summarize its treatment and outcomes.

Plasma Levels of Branched Chain Amino Acids, Incident Hip Fractures, and Bone Mineral Density of the Hip and Spine.

Objective: Branched chain amino acids (BCAA) are building blocks for protein, an essential component of bone. However, the association of plasma levels of BCAA with fractures in populations outside of Hong Kong or with hip fractures in particular is not known. The purpose of these analyses was to determine the relationship of BCAA including valine, leucine, and isoleucine and total BCAA (SD of the sum of Z-scores for each BCAA) with incident hip fractures and bone mineral density (BMD) of the hip and lumbar spine in older African American and Caucasian men and women in the Cardiovascular Health Study.

Mortality Following Hip Fracture in Older Adults With and Without Coronary Heart Disease.

Background: Comorbidities like coronary heart disease are common among older people who sustain an osteoporotic hip fracture. However, their impact on short- and long-term mortality post-hip fracture is not well quantified.

Methods: We examined 4092 and 1173 older adults without and with prevalent coronary heart disease, respectively.

Initial presentation of granulomatosis with polyangiitis as urethral mass mimicking urethral cancer: A case report.

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a type of vasculitis in which granulomas deposit in small and medium-size vessels causing inflammation. It frequently affects the respiratory tract, both upper and lower tracts. Glomerulonephritis commonly occurs as well, and other systems can be affected such as the integumentary system and peripheral nervous system.

The associations of markers of endothelial dysfunction with hip fracture risk.

Unlabelled: Endothelial dysfunction underlies the development of atherosclerotic vascular disease, which in turn is associated with osteoporotic fractures. Here, we examined the association of two markers of endothelial dysfunction with incident hip fracture risk in older adults but found no statistically significant associations between them.

Purpose/introduction: Endothelial dysfunction underlies the development of atherosclerotic vascular disease.

Predictors of lower extremity fracture-related amputation in persons with traumatic spinal cord injury: a case-control study.

Study Design: This is a retrospective case-control study.

Objectives: To identify predictors of lower extremity (LE) long bone fracture-related amputation in persons with traumatic spinal cord injury (tSCI).

Setting: US Veterans Health Administration facilities (2005-2015).

Sex and Racial Differences in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Among US Adults in the All of Us Research Program.

Objective: Men with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are an understudied population. The present study characterized differences between men and women with SLE.

Methods: We examined cross-sectionally participants with SLE in the All of Us Research Program, a US cohort with a participant survey at enrollment (May 2018 to June 2022) and linked electronic health record (EHR) data.

The Association of Lipids and Lipoproteins with Hip Fracture Risk: The Cardiovascular Health Study.

Background: It is uncertain if lipids or lipoproteins are associated with osteoporotic fractures. In this study, incident hip fracture risk according to conventional lipid levels and lipoprotein levels and sizes was examined.

Methods: We followed 5832 participants aged ≥65 years from the Cardiovascular Health Study for hip fracture for a mean of 13.

Trimethylamine N-oxide and hip fracture and bone mineral density in older adults: The cardiovascular health study.

Context: Gut microbiota-derived metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) may adversely affect bone by inducing oxidative stress. Whether this translates into increased fracture risk in older adults is uncertain.

Objective: Determine the associations of plasma TMAO with hip fracture and bone mineral density (BMD) in older adults.

Risk Factors and Consequences of Lower Extremity Fracture Nonunions in Veterans With Spinal Cord Injury.

We used Veterans Health Administration (VHA) national administrative data files to identify a cohort (fiscal years 2005-2014) of veterans with spinal cord injuries and disorders (SCID) to determine risk factors for and consequences of lower extremity fracture nonunions. Odds ratios (OR) for fracture nonunion were computed using multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models. We identified three risk factors for nonunion: (i) older age (OR = 2.

"Pathological" fractures in spinal cord injuries and disorders: Insight into International classification of diseases, ninth revision coding.

Objective: Analyses of osteoporosis-related fractures in persons with Spinal Cord Injury or Disorder (SCID) using administrative data often exclude pathological fractures (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) codes 733.1x). We examined how often lower extremity "pathological" fractures were secondary to osteoporosis.

Cardiovascular autonomic nervous system function and hip fracture risk: the Cardiovascular Health Study.

Unlabelled: Among 1299 older adults with 24-h Holter monitoring data at baseline, followed for approximately 15 years, 190 incident hip fractures occurred. Increased heart rate variability was independently associated with reduced risk of hip fracture among female participants.

Purpose: Autonomic nervous system function modulates bone remodeling in rodent osteoporosis models.

Lower extremity fracture prevention and management in persons with spinal cord injuries and disorders: The patient perspective.

Context/objective: To describe patient experiences with fracture prevention and management among persons with spinal cord injuries/disorders (SCI/D).

Design: Qualitative data collected via semi-structured telephone interviews.

Setting: Veterans Health Administration (VA) SCI/D System of Care.

The Association of Methotrexate, Sulfasalazine, and Hydroxychloroquine Use With Fracture in Postmenopausal Women With Rheumatoid Arthritis: Findings From the Women's Health Initiative.

This study was conducted to evaluate the extent to which disease-modifying antirheumatic medications (DMARDs) used as part of a triple therapy for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) including methotrexate, sulfasalazine, and hydroxychloroquine are associated with fractures in postmenopausal women with RA. Incident fractures following use of methotrexate, sulfasalazine, and/or hydroxychloroquine in postmenopausal women with RA in the Women's Health Initiative were estimated by Cox proportional hazards using hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs after consideration of potential confounders. There were 1201 women with RA enrolled in the Women's Health Initiative included in these analyses, of which 74% were white, 17% were black, and 9% were of other or unknown race/ethnicity.

Fractures in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and end-stage renal disease.

Unlabelled: Having rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or end-stage renal disease (ESRD) can lead to fractures. RA independently increases the risk of hip or other femur fracture in dialysis patients. Use of corticosteroids is a potentially modifiable risk factor for fractures among persons with RA and ESRD on dialysis.