Publications by authors named "Rachel Eisenberg"

Article Synopsis
  • Allergic rhinitis (AR) affects 5% to 50% of the population worldwide, but specific studies on sensitization in Israeli patients have been limited.* -
  • A study of 1,308 AR patients in Israel revealed an 86% overall positive skin prick test rate, with indoor allergens affecting 76% of participants; the most common allergens identified were mites, olive tree pollen, grass pollen, and cat dander.* -
  • The findings can help allergists customize skin prick test panels and improve immunotherapy by focusing on the most prevalent aeroallergens in different climate zones.*
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  • APECED is a serious genetic autoimmune disorder linked to variants in the autoimmune regulator (AIRE) gene, with 16% of evaluated patients lacking known harmful variants, most of whom are of Puerto Rican descent.
  • Researchers discovered a deep intronic variant (c.1504-818 G>A) in these patients that causes a cryptic splice site leading to a dysfunctional protein through pseudoexon inclusion.
  • They developed an antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) that corrected this genetic issue, demonstrating the potential for targeted treatments in APECED patients.
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The maximum rate at which animals take up oxygen from their environment (ṀO2,max) is a crucial aspect of their physiology and ecology. In fishes, ṀO2,max is commonly quantified by measuring oxygen uptake either during incremental swimming tests or during recovery from an exhaustive chase. In this Commentary, we compile recent studies that apply both techniques to the same fish and show that the two methods typically yield different mean estimates of ṀO2,max for a group of individuals.

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  • Lumpfish, used as cleaner fish in North Atlantic salmon cages, have been experiencing mortalities in summer, prompting research into their metabolic limits and thermal tolerance.
  • Experiments compared the aerobic scope (AS) and other metabolic metrics among lumpfish under various conditions, revealing higher AS during swim tests than in exhaustion or thermal tests.
  • Findings indicated lumpfish have metabolic capabilities similar to Atlantic cod, suggesting they aren’t as inactive as thought, and high temperatures likely aren’t the main reason for their summer deaths at fish farms.
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Background: The intent of this study is to characterize indications for pediatric palliative-intent proton radiation therapy (PIPRT).

Procedure: We retrospectively reviewed patients 21 years and younger who received PIPRT. We defined PIPRT as radiotherapy (RT) aimed to improve cancer-related symptoms/provide durable local control in the non-curative setting.

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Purpose: STAT proteins play a key role in several cellular functions related to cell development, differentiation, proliferation, and survival. Persistent STAT activation due to somatic STAT5b gain-of-function mutation is a rare mechanism of STAT dysregulation that results in hypereosinophilia, frequent infections, leukemias, and pulmonary diseases. Herein, we describe a case of a child with a rare early onset STAT5b gain-of-function disease treated with targeted JAK inhibition who developed a cranial Mycobacterium avium osteomyelitis.

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Purpose: Patients with X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) are characterized by humoral impairment and are routinely treated with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). In this study, we aimed to investigate the presence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies in IVIG preparations harvested globally and evaluate the transfer of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies to the XLA patient.

Methods: A single-center, prospective cohort study was conducted in the period of November 2020 to November 2022.

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Recurrent episodes of neurological dysfunction and white matter lesions in a young adult raise suspicion for multiple sclerosis (MS). However, occlusive retinopathy, hearing loss and absence of CSF oligoclonal bands are atypical for MS and should make the clinician consider an alternative diagnosis. We describe a man with hearing loss, visual signs and symptoms, and an accumulating burden of brain lesions, who was treated for a clinical diagnosis of MS for nearly two decades.

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Triple negative breast cancer represents a heterogeneous group of breast carcinomas, both at the histologic and genetic level. Although recent molecular studies have comprehensively characterized the genetic landscape of these tumors, few have integrated a detailed histologic examination into the analysis. In this study, we defined the genetic alterations in 39 triple negative breast cancers using a high-depth targeted massively parallel sequencing assay and correlated the findings with a detailed morphologic analysis.

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Sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping in patients with breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy has been debated by surgeons as a result of potential compromise of lymphatic drainage. Whether clinicopathologic variables traditionally associated with SLN positivity differ in patients who have been treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy has not been well studied. Patients diagnosed with breast carcinoma who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy, definitive breast surgery, sentinel node biopsy (SNB), and axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) were retrospectively identified over a 75-month period.

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Nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) is an increasingly utilized surgical option in managing breast carcinoma; however, data on malignant involvement of a separately submitted nipple margin are scant. Consecutive NSM, including those performed for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes, over a 4-year period (2007-2011), were studied. A separately submitted nipple margin was evaluated by permanent H&E preparations and via frozen section evaluation whenever requested.

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