Publications by authors named "Rachel E Allavena"

Canine splenic fibrohistiocytic nodules traditionally encompassed benign lymphoid hyperplasia, complex hyperplasia, and malignant fibrous histiocytoma. The latter has been recently re-classified into histiocytic sarcoma and stromal sarcoma. Reliable indicators of post-splenectomy survival and demographic factors predisposing to the four types of nodules are not completely understood.

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An 8-y-old, castrated male Siberian Husky dog was admitted to an emergency clinic with acute collapse and severe swelling of both forelimbs, ventral thorax, and axillary region. The clinical assessment, with laboratory tests and radiologic investigation, confirmed severe subcutaneous emphysema and multi-organ failure. The animal died while receiving emergency treatment.

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We describe herein the clinical, endoscopic, computed tomography (CT), pathologic, and microbiologic features of an infection caused by an under-recognized fungal pathogen, , in a 25-y-old Australian Quarter Horse. The horse had a unilateral obstructive nasal mass, resulting in stertor and dyspnea. On endoscopy, the mass was tan, multinodular, and completely obstructed the nasal passage.

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CD117 (c-Kit) is a tyrosine kinase receptor that is overexpressed in multiple dog tumors. There is 100% homology between the juxtamembrane domain of human and canine CD117, and many cancer-causing mutations occur in this region in both species. Thus, CD117 is an important target for cancer treatment in dogs and for comparative oncology studies.

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The goal of the study was to evaluate alternative student-centered approaches that could replace autopsy sessions and live demonstration and to explore refinements in assessment procedures for standardized cardiac dissection. Simulators and videos were identified as feasible, economical, student-centered teaching methods for technical skills training in medical contexts, and a direct comparison was undertaken. A low-fidelity anatomically correct simulator approximately the size of a horse's heart with embedded dissection pathways was constructed and used with a series of laminated photographs of standardized cardiac dissection.

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Phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) is a known tumour suppressor. To explore the role of Pten in ovarian tumorigenesis, we used transgenic (Tg) SOX2. Cre and AMH.

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Article Synopsis
  • Permanent vascular catheterization is frequently used in pharmacology studies on rodents, but complications like thromboembolic disease and sepsis can lead to poor tolerance of the procedure.
  • The study focused on a model using Wistar Han and Sprague-Dawley rats, particularly examining carotid and jugular catheterization to understand the causes of nontolerance and improve animal welfare.
  • Findings revealed significant thromboembolic issues affecting organs like the brain and kidneys, with over 10% body weight loss being a key indicator of nontolerance, while routine aseptic techniques were effective in preventing sepsis.
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No validated laminitis drug therapy exists, yet pharmaceutical agents with potential for laminitis prevention have been identified. Many of these are impractical for systemic administration but may be effective if administered locally. This study compared intraosseous infusion of the distal phalanx (IOIDP) with systemic intravenous constant rate infusion (CRI) to determine which was more effective for lamellar marimastat delivery.

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There are no experimentally validated pharmacological means of preventing laminitis; however, locally acting pharmaceutical agents with the potential to prevent laminitis have been identified. Demonstrating therapeutic drug concentrations in lamellar tissue is essential for evaluating the efficacy of these agents. The aim of this study was to develop an experimental technique for repeatedly sampling lamellar interstitial fluid.

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Envenomation and poisoning by terrestrial animals (both vertebrate and invertebrate) are a significant economic problem and health risk for domestic animals in Australia. Australian snakes are some of the most venomous animals in the world and bees, wasps, ants, paralysis ticks, and cane toads are also present as part of the venomous and poisonous fauna. The diagnosis and treatment of envenomation or poisoning in animals is a challenge and can be a traumatic and expensive process for owners.

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Trehalose 6,6'-dimycolate (TDM) is a cell wall glycolipid and an important virulence factor of mycobacteria. In order to study the role of TDM in the innate immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis, microarray analysis was used to examine gene regulation in murine bone marrow-derived macrophages in response to 90-μm-diameter polystyrene microspheres coated with TDM. A large number of genes, particularly those involved in the immune response and macrophage function, were up- or downregulated in response to these TDM-coated beads compared to control beads.

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Isolated ectopic brain tissue within the orbit is an extremely rare finding and has never been reported in dogs or other domestic species. In this case, a focal choristoma of ectopic grey matter-like tissue was present within the retina of a mature female beagle dog, and consisted of neurons and astrocytes as demonstrated respectively by microtubule-associated protein 2 and glial fibrillary acidic protein immunohistochemistry. The lesion was located within the optic fundus adjacent to the optic disk and surrounded by dysplastic retina.

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Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), a ubiquitous human pathogen associated with genital infections, is neurotropic. It establishes latent infections in local dorsal root ganglia from which it reactivates causing recurrent lesions and frequent episodes of viral shedding. Herpes simplex virus type 2 can also be transmitted from mother to child during birth, causing major neonatal complications including encephalitis.

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