Are adolescents who do physical activity with their parents more active and mentally healthier?

Background: Adolescents who engage in physical activity experience positive mental health outcomes. However, the increasing prevalence of physical inactivity combined with high screen time use among adolescents is a growing concern. Parents play an important role in shaping adolescents' physical activity and screen time levels through active participation and involvement.

Development and validation of the Global Adolescent and Child Physical Activity Questionnaire (GAC-PAQ) in 14 countries: study protocol.

Introduction: Global surveillance of physical activity (PA) of children and adolescents with questionnaires is limited by the use of instruments developed in high-income countries (HICs) lacking sociocultural adaptation, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs); under-representation of some PA domains; and omission of active play, an important source of PA. Addressing these limitations would help improve international comparisons, and facilitate the cross-fertilisation of ideas to promote PA. We aim to develop and assess the reliability and validity of the app-based Global Adolescent and Child Physical Activity Questionnaire (GAC-PAQ) among 8-17 years old in 14 LMICs and HICs representing all continents; and generate the 'first available data' on active play in most participating countries.

Telework and 24-hour movement behaviours among adults living in Canada during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective: To assess the association between work location and movement behaviours (physical activity [PA], screen time, sleep) and adherence to the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines (24-H Guidelines) among Canadian workers during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: Using cross-sectional data from the 2021 Canadian Community Health Survey (n = 10,913 working adults 18-75 years), primary work location was categorized as: worked outside the home at a fixed location (fixed workplace), worked at home (telework), and worked outside the home at no fixed location (non-fixed workplace). Recreational, transportation and occupational/household PA, as well as leisure screen time and sleep duration were self-reported.

Sociodemographic differences in recreational screen time before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada.

Background: Over the last several years, recreational screen time has been increasing. During the COVID-19 pandemic, recreational screen time rose among Canadian youth and adults, and those who increased screen time had poorer self-reported mental health compared with those who decreased or maintained their recreational screen time levels.

Data And Methods: Using data from the 2017, 2018, and 2021 Canadian Community Health Survey, the prevalence of meeting the recreational screen time recommendation from the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines was compared before and during the pandemic across sociodemographic groups.

Exploring the use of experimental small area estimates to examine the relationship between individual-level and area-level community belonging and self-rated health.

Background: Small area estimation refers to statistical modelling procedures that leverage information or "borrow strength" from other sources or variables. This is done to enhance the reliability of estimates of characteristics or outcomes for areas that do not contain sufficient sample sizes to provide disaggregated estimates of adequate precision and reliability. There is growing interest in secondary research applications for small area estimates (SAEs).

Regional trends in the moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity and screen time of Canadians before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, public health approaches and disease-transmission varied widely across Canadian regions. This may have led to different trajectories for moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) and screen time during this period. The purpose of this investigation was to describe age- and gender-specific regional trends in MVPA and screen time for Canadian youth (ages 12-17 years) and adults (ages 18+) from 2018 to 2021.

Prioritizing a research agenda on built environments and physical activity: a twin panel Delphi consensus process with researchers and knowledge users.

Background: The growth of urban dwelling populations globally has led to rapid increases of research and policy initiatives addressing associations between the built environment and physical activity (PA). Given this rapid proliferation, it is important to identify priority areas and research questions for moving the field forward. The objective of this study was to identify and compare research priorities on the built environment and PA among researchers and knowledge users (e.

Intersecting risk factors for physical inactivity among Canadian adults.

Background: On average, 45% of Canadian adults meet the recommended 150 minutes per week of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. This singular statistic masks a wide range of adherence levels among different groups within the population. The purpose of this paper is to determine how sex, age, and family arrangement intersect with known risk factors for physical inactivity to identify groups within the Canadian population most at risk of not meeting the physical activity recommendation.

The ongoing impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on physical activity and screen time among Canadian adults.

Background: Canadian and international research has shown that the COVID-19 pandemic led to changes in health behaviours, including participation in physical activity and screen time.

Methods: The Canadian Community Health Survey asks Canadian adults (aged 18 to 64 years) and older adults (aged 65 and older) to report the time they spend active by domain: recreation, transportation, and household and/or occupation. Survey respondents are also asked to report their screen time on days they worked and days they did not work.

The ongoing impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on physical activity and screen time among Canadian youth.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused changes in health behaviours, including participation in physical activity and screen time. The purpose of this paper is to examine trends in physical activity and screen time among Canadian youth from January 2018 to February 2022.

Methods: The Canadian Community Health Survey asks Canadian youth (aged 12 to 17 years) to report the time they spend active by domain: recreation, transportation, school and household.

The 2022 ParticipACTION Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth: Focus on the COVID-19 pandemic impact and equity-deserving groups.

Introduction: The ParticipACTION Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth is the most comprehensive national assessment of physical activity and related behaviors, characteristics, and opportunities for children and youth. The 2022 Report Card assigned grades based on data gathered during the COVID-19 pandemic to reflect this extraordinary time-period in Canada. Further, while not graded, efforts were made to summarize key findings for early years children and those identifying as: having a disability, Indigenous, 2SLGBTQ+, newcomers to Canada, racialized, or girls.

Strength-training and balance activities in Canada: historical trends and current prevalence.

Introduction: Muscle-strengthening and balance activities are associated with the prevention of illness and injury. Age-specific Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines include recommendations for muscle/bone-strengthening and balance activities. From 2000-2014, the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) included a module that assessed frequency in 22 physical activities.

Neighborhood Fast-Food Environments and Hypertension in Canadian Adults.

Introduction: Hypertension is a leading cause of cardiovascular disease and premature death worldwide. Neighborhoods characterized by a high proportion of fast-food outlets may also contribute to hypertension in residents; however, limited research has explored these associations. This cross-sectional study assessed the associations between neighborhood fast-food environments, measured hypertension, and self-reported hypertension.

Health associations with meeting the new Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines recommendations according to body mass index classes in Canadian adults.

Background: Data on meeting the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for adults (24-H Guidelines) and associations with health indicators by body mass index (BMI) class are needed to support public health surveillance. The aim of this study was to describe the proportion of Canadian adults meeting individual and various combinations of the 24-H Guidelines by BMI class and their association with health indicators.

Data And Methods: Data from the cross-sectional Canadian Health Measures Survey cycles 1 to 4 (2007 to 2015, n = 10,515 adults aged 18 to 79 years) were used.

How sedentary are Canadian adults? It depends on the measure.

Introduction: The new Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Adults aged 18-64 years and Adults aged 65 years and older recommend that adults limit daily sedentary time to eight hours or less, including three hours or less of recreational screen time. The eight-hour recommendation was centred between the evidence from research using self-reported sitting time (threshold: seven hours or less per day) and accelerometer-measured sedentary time (threshold: nine hours or less per day). The purpose of this study is to compare the percentages of Canadians meeting three different sedentary thresholds (three hours or less per day of screen time, seven hours or less per day of self-reported sitting time and nine hours or less per day of accelerometer-measured sedentary time).

The influence of removing the 10-minute bout requirement on the demographic, behaviour and health profiles of Canadian adults who meet the physical activity recommendations.

Background: Recently, the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Adults were released, and included a revised physical activity (PA) recommendation. The recommendation of 150 minutes per week of moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA (MVPA) was revised, from requiring that MVPA be accrued in bouts of 10 minutes or more (bouted) to having no bout requirement (non-bouted). The objective of this study was to assess whether there were differences in sociodemographic, health and fitness characteristics of Canadians who met the bouted and non-bouted PA recommendations.

The unequal impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the physical activity habits of Canadians.

Background: Canadian and international research has shown that the COVID-19 pandemic has led to changes in health behaviours, including physical activity.

Methods: The Canadian Community Health Survey asked Canadian youth (12 to 17 years) and adults (18 years and older) to report the amount of time they spent in the past seven days engaged in physical activity across the following domains: recreation, transportation, household or occupation, and school (youth only). The present analysis compares the physical activity from two cross-sectional samples collected during the fall of 2018 (n=13,482) and the fall of 2020 (n=27,234).

Changes in chronic disease risk factors and current exercise habits among Canadian adults living with and without a child during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: Canadians have been gravely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, and adults living with children may have been disproportionately impacted. The objective of this study was to describe changes in chronic disease risk factors and current exercise habits among adults living with and without a child younger than 18 years old.

Data And Methods: A repeated cross-sectional study was conducted using data collected from Canadians aged 15 and older via the Canadian Perspective Survey Series (CPSS) in late March (CPSS1, N=4,383), early May (CPSS2, N=4,367) and mid-July 2020 (CPSS4, N=4,050).

Sleep behaviours among Canadian adults: Findings from the 2020 Canadian Community Health Survey healthy living rapid response module.

Introduction: The Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Adults, released in October 2020, recommend 7 to 9 hours of good-quality sleep for adults aged 18 to 64 and 7 to 8 hours for adults aged 65 and older, on a regular basis, with consistent sleep and wake times for health benefits. This study assesses the sleep behaviours of Canadian adults and how these behaviours align with the recommendations.

Data And Methods: This cross-sectional study uses nationally representative data from the 2020 Canadian Community Health Survey healthy living rapid response module (N = 9,248), collected from January to March 2020.

Sociodemographic Factors Associated With Meeting the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines Among Adults: Findings From the Canadian Health Measures Survey.

Background: This study examined associations between sociodemographic factors and meeting versus not meeting the new Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines recommendations.

Methods: The study is based on 7651 respondents aged 18-79 years from the 2007 to 2013 Canadian Health Measures Survey, a nationally representative, cross-sectional survey. Sociodemographic factors included age, sex, household education, household income, race, having a chronic condition, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and body mass index.

Neighbourhood walkability and mortality: Findings from a 15-year follow-up of a nationally representative cohort of Canadian adults in urban areas.

Background: Using a nationally representative cohort of Canadian adults, we assessed associations between neighbourhood walkability and cause-specific mortality and investigated whether they differed by socioeconomic status.

Methods: The study population was drawn from the 2001 Canadian Census Health and Environment Cohort, which contains individual-level data from a random sample of 20% of Canadian households mandated to complete the long-form census. We included those aged ≥ 25 years at baseline who lived in urban and suburban areas.

A pan-Canadian dataset of neighbourhood retail food environment measures using Statistics Canada's Business Register.

Background: The objective of this study was to create the Canadian Food Environment Dataset (Can-FED) and to demonstrate its validity.

Data And Methods: Food outlet data were extracted from Statistics Canada's Business Register (BR) in 2018. Retail food environment access measures (both absolute and relative measures) were calculated using network buffers around the centroid of 56,589 dissemination areas in Canada.

Health associations with meeting the Canadian 24-hour movement guidelines for adults: Results from the Canadian Health Measures Survey.

Background: The Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Adults (18-64 years and 65 years or older) were launched in October 2020 and provide evidence-based recommendations for physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep. The purpose of this study was to examine whether meeting the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines overall, and different combinations of recommendations within the guidelines, was associated with health indicators in a representative sample of Canadian adults.

Data And Methods: Participants were 8,297 adults aged 18 to 79 from cycles 1 to 3 of the Canadian Health Measures Survey.

Trends in physical fitness among Canadian adults, 2007 to 2017.

Background: The fitness levels of Canadian adults declined substantially between 1981 and the years 2007 to 2009, suggesting a reduction in population health. This paper updates the fitness trends of Canadians aged 20 to 69 years by extending the time period to 2017.

Data And Methods: The Canadian Health Measures Survey is a repeated cross-sectional survey that is conducted to produce nationally representative health estimates.