A randomized controlled trial to study the effect of intratracheal and intravenous lignocaine on airway and hemodynamic response during emergence and extubation following general anesthesia.

Objective: Intratracheal (IT) and intravenous (IV) lignocaine suppress airway reflex and hemodynamic response during extubation, but studies regarding this are sparse. The primary aim was to compare the effect of IT and IV lignocaine on attenuation of airway reflex to endotracheal extubation and the secondary aim was to compare the hemodynamic responses to extubation, using lignocaine by the two different routes.

Methods: Seventy-five female patients with comparable age, body mass index, and American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status undergoing carcinoma breast surgery were randomized into three groups.

Cancer relapse in surgical patients who received perioperative transfusion of blood and blood products: A case-control study.

Background And Aims: Immunomodulatory consequences of allogeneic blood transfusion may outweigh the advantages of improved oxygen delivery and tissue perfusion, especially in patients with cancer. In colorectal cancer, there is evidence of cancer relapse in patients who received transfusion. This retrospective analysis was undertaken to evaluate the relationship between perioperative blood transfusion and cancer recurrence in patients undergoing oncosurgery.

Relative wave energy-based adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system for estimation of the depth of anaesthesia.

The advancement in medical research and intelligent modeling techniques has lead to the developments in anaesthesia management. The present study is targeted to estimate the depth of anaesthesia using cognitive signal processing and intelligent modeling techniques. The neurophysiological signal that reflects cognitive state of anaesthetic drugs is the electroencephalogram signal.

A survey on the use of low flow anaesthesia and the choice of inhalational anaesthetic agents among anaesthesiologists of India.

Background And Aims: With the availability of modern workstations and heightened awareness on the environmental effects of waste anaesthesia gases, anaesthesiologists worldwide are practicing low flow anaesthesia (LFA). Although LFA is being practiced in India, hard evidence on the current practice of the same from anaesthesiologists practicing in India is lacking and hence, we conducted this survey.

Methods: A questionnaire containing 16 questions was distributed among a subgroup of anaesthesiologists who attended the 2014 National Conference of Indian Society of Anaesthesiologists.

A randomized control study comparing the pharyngolaryngeal morbidity of laryngeal mask airway versus endotracheal tube.

Introduction: Endotracheal tube (ETT) has been associated with various pharyngolaryngeal morbidities (PLMs) following general anesthesia (GA). Laryngeal mask airway (LMA), currently the most commonly used supraglottic airway device, has several advantageous over the ETT but has been associated with varying results of PLM. The aim of our study was to compare the PLM between them and to know whether LMA is a better alternative.

Role of chest X-ray in citing central venous catheter tip: A few case reports with a brief review of the literature.

Central venous catheter (CVC) insertions are increasingly performed in surgical patients and intensive therapy. A simple and invasive procedure performed under strict sterile precautions with complications ranging from arrhythmias; infections; and life-threatening complications such as pericardial tamponade, cardiac perforation and even death. A post-procedure chest X-ray (CXR), though does not accurately assess the tip of the catheter in relation to the superior vena cava (SVC) and right atrium (RA), can detect malpositions, safety of catheter tip, pneumothorax and kinking.

Nonconvulsive status epilepticus: An unusual cause of postoperative unresponsiveness following general anaesthesia.

Any altered behaviour or sensorium following general anaesthesia is of concern to the anaesthesiologist, as it could be attributed to the anaesthetic itself or to a hypoxic insult, both of which can have medicolegal implications. It is important to be aware of a relatively unfamiliar entity known as nonconvulsive status epilepticus in this context. We report two cases to highlight this condition.

Low cost continuous femoral nerve block for relief of acute severe cancer related pain due to pathological fracture femur.

Pathological fractures in cancer patient cause severe pain that is difficult to control pharmacologically. Even with good pain relief at rest, breakthrough and incident pain can be unmanageable. Continuous regional nerve blocks have a definite role in controlling such intractable pain.