Non-medical prescription opioid use among high school students in 38 U.S. States.

Background: Lifetime prevalence of non-medical prescription opioid use (NMPOU) among adolescents exceeds 10%. Building on that work, we estimate lifetime and recent (i.e.

Impact of unsolicited reporting notifications on providers' prescribing behavior: An experimental study on Maryland PDMP data.

Background: Unsolicited Reporting Notifications(URNs) have been a component of Maryland's Prescription Drug Monitoring Program (PDMP) since 2016. We evaluated the effect of URNs on providers' prescription behaviors.

Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study of providers who were issued at least one URN from January 2018 to April 2021.

Unsolicited reporting notifications (URNs) through Maryland's prescription drug monitoring program (PDMP): Characteristics of providers.

Objectives: Unsolicited reporting is the activity of analyzing Prescription Drug Monitoring Program (PDMP) data and then sending unsolicited reporting notifications (URNs) to prescribers to notify them of their outlier prescribing behavior. We aimed to describe information about prescribers who were issued URNs.

Methods: A retrospective study of Maryland's PDMP data from Jan.

"What Do You Consider Use?" Perspectives of Black Youth on Cannabis Use.

Purpose: Adolescent health surveillance systems are critical for understanding patterns of cannabis use; however, their limitations underscore the need for studies that generate new insights, particularly from individuals who are most impacted by negative outcomes. Our objectives were to learn about youths' cannabis use and their perceptions of their peers' cannabis use; their perspectives about trajectories of cannabis use over time and factors that influence trajectories; and perceived risks and benefits associated with cannabis use.

Methods: A group model building approach was used to gather data about cannabis use from a sample of urban, Black youth.

Recommended Terminology for Substance Use Disorders in the Care of Children, Adolescents, Young Adults, and Families.

Pediatricians across the United States encounter infants, children, adolescents, young adults, and families affected by substance use disorders in their daily practice. For much of history, substance use has been viewed as a moral failing for which individuals themselves are to blame; however, as addiction became understood as a medical disorder, clinical terminology has shifted along with a growing awareness of harm of stigmatizing language in medicine. In issuing this policy statement, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) joins other large organizations in providing recommendations regarding medically accurate, person-first, and nonstigmatizing terminology.

Research to law: A qualitative study of Massachusetts' 2018 Care Act expanding emergency department initiation of medication for opioid use disorder.

Background: Initiating medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) during emergency department (ED) visits is an important innovation to engage individuals in addiction treatment. In 2018, Massachusetts passed the CARE Act, becoming the first state to legislate that hospitals with EDs must be able to offer MOUD. We performed a qualitative study to explore factors influencing policy enactment.

Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder With Buprenorphine Among US Adolescents and Young Adults During the Early COVID-19 Pandemic.

Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic's impact on buprenorphine treatment for opioid use disorder among adolescents and young adults (AYAs) is unknown.

Methods: We used IQVIA Longitudinal Prescription Claims, including US AYAs aged 12-29 with at least 1 buprenorphine fill between January 2018 and August 2020, stratifying by age group and insurance. We compared buprenorphine prescriptions in March-August 2019 to March-August 2020.

Towards an International Consensus on the Prevention, Treatment, and Management of High-Risk Substance Use and Overdose among Youth.

: Now more than ever, there is an obvious need to reduce the overall burden of disease and risk of premature mortality that are associated with mental health and substance use disorders among young people. However, the current state of research and evidence-based clinical care for high-risk substance use among youth is fragmented and scarce. The objective of the study is to establish consensus for the prevention, treatment, and management of high-risk substance use and overdose among youth (10 to 24 years old).

Provider and Practice Characteristics and Perceived Barriers Associated With Different Levels of Adolescent SBIRT Implementation Among a National Sample of US Pediatricians.

Pediatrician Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) practices vary widely, though little is known about the correlates of SBIRT implementation. Using data from a national sample of US pediatricians who treat adolescents (n = 250), we characterized self-reported utilization rates of SBIRT among US pediatricians and identified provider- and practice-level characteristics and barriers associated with SBIRT utilization. All participants completed an electronic survey querying the demographics, practice patterns, and perceived barriers related to SBIRT practices.

Opioid Use Disorder Treatment Facilities With Programs for Special Populations.

Introduction: Special populations, including veterans, pregnant and postpartum women, and adolescents, benefit from opioid use disorder treatment tailored to their specific needs, but access to such services is poorly described. This study identifies the availability of opioid use disorder treatment facilities that use medications and have special programming and contextualizes facilities amid counties' opioid-related overdose mortality.

Methods: Data were compiled on 15,945 U.

Adolescent-Serving Addiction Treatment Facilities in the United States and the Availability of Medications for Opioid Use Disorder.

Purpose: Adolescents with opioid use disorder are less likely than adults to receive medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD), yet we know little about facilities that provide addiction treatment for adolescents. We sought to describe adolescent-serving addiction treatment facilities in the U.S.

Substance Use Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment in Pediatric Practice: A Quality Improvement Project in the Maryland Adolescent and Young Adult Health Collaborative Improvement and Innovation Network.

The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends pediatric providers routinely screen for, assess, and treat substance use and substance use disorders among adolescents, a process called "Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment," or "SBIRT." Because there are limited data on how Maryland pediatric practices have adopted SBIRT, a quality improvement initiative was developed within the Maryland Adolescent and Young Adult Health Collaborative Improvement and Innovation Network using a "Plan/Do/Study/Act" approach. A 2-part provider training was conducted regarding screening and motivational interviewing, and the "CRAFFT" screening tool was integrated into the practice's electronic medical record.

Receipt of Addiction Treatment After Opioid Overdose Among Medicaid-Enrolled Adolescents and Young Adults.

Importance: Nonfatal opioid overdose may be a critical touch point when youths who have never received a diagnosis of opioid use disorder can be engaged in treatment. However, the extent to which youths (adolescents and young adults) receive timely evidence-based treatment following opioid overdose is unknown.

Objective: To identify characteristics of youths who experience nonfatal overdose with heroin or other opioids and to assess the percentage of youths receiving timely evidence-based treatment.