Mutant p53 suppresses innate immune signaling to promote tumorigenesis.

Mutant p53 (mtp53) proteins can exert cancer-promoting gain-of-function activities. We report a mechanism by which mtp53 suppresses both cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous signaling to promote cancer cell survival and evasion of tumor immune surveillance. Mtp53 interferes with the function of the cytoplasmic DNA sensing machinery, cGAS-STING-TBK1-IRF3, that activates the innate immune response.

Control of Nucleotide Metabolism Enables Mutant p53's Oncogenic Gain-of-Function Activity.

Since its discovery as an oncoprotein in 1979, investigation into p53's many identities has completed a full circle and today it is inarguably the most extensively studied tumor suppressor (wild-type p53 form or WTp53) and oncogene (mutant p53 form or mtp53) in cancer research. After the p53 protein was declared "Molecule of the Year" by in 1993, the p53 field exploded and a plethora of excellent reviews is now available on every aspect of p53 genetics and functional repertoire in a cell. Nevertheless, new functions of p53 continue to emerge.

Diversity of sickle cell trait in Jharkhand state in India: Is it the zone of contact between two geographically and ethnically distinct populations in India?

Incidence of sickle cell trait in India is high in peninsular south, south-eastern, central and south-western India, while in north and north-eastern India, it is absent. Unicentric origin of SCD in the tribals of nilgiri hills in southern India has been proposed. The present study on the frequency of HbS trait and beta-globin gene haplotypes was conducted in the tribal-rich states of Chhattisgarh and Jharkhand to get an insight into the uneven distribution of HbS in India.

Genotype-phenotype correlation and report of novel mutations in β-globin gene in thalassemia patients.

Heterogeneity in thalassemia is due to various modifying factors viz. coinheritance of α-gene defects, abnormal hemoglobin, XmnI polymorphism, variation in repeat sequences present in LCR, and silencer region of the gene. The present work on populations from eastern regions of India was undertaken to study the genetic profile of heterogeneity in thalassemia patients.

Haemoglobinopathies in eastern Indian states: a demographic evaluation.

Haemoglobinopathies are a leading cause of child mortality worldwide, although with a variable geographical incidence. A reliable estimate of prevalence of the disease is necessary for reducing its burden. However, most studies in India are either hospital based or from certain regions of the country and hence may not realistically reflect the disease burden.

Effect of solution chemistry on arsenic sorption by Fe- and Al-based drinking-water treatment residuals.

Drinking-water treatment residual (WTR) have been proposed as a low-cost alternative sorbent for arsenic (As) - contaminated aquatic and soil systems. However, limited information exists regarding the effect of solution chemistry on As sorption by WTR. A batch incubation study was carried out to investigate the effect of solution pH (3-9) on As(V) sorption by Al- and Fe-based WTR as a function of solid: solution ratio (SSR) and initial As concentration.

Bioavailability and bioaccessibility of arsenic in a soil amended with drinking-water treatment residuals.

Earlier incubation and greenhouse studies in our laboratory confirmed the effectiveness of drinking-water treatment residual (WTR) in decreasing soil arsenic (As) bioaccessibility as determined with in vitro tests, which led us to hypothesize a similar outcome if animal studies were to be conducted. Our objective was to evaluate the potential of WTR in lowering soil As bioavailability by conducting in vivo experiments and compare the in vitro to the in vivo As data. This study was performed using 6-week-old male BALB/c mice that were fed with an As-contaminated soil slurry using the gavage method.

In vitro model improves the prediction of soil arsenic bioavailability: worst-case scenario.

There is a strong interest in developing an in vitro arsenic (As) model that satisfactorily estimates the variability in in vivo relative oral bioavailability (RBA) measurements. Several in vitro tests have been developed, but none is universally accepted due to their limited success in predicting soil As RBA. A suite of amorphous and crystalline solid As phases were chosen, utilizing a worst-case scenario (WCS) that simulated fasting children's gastric solution chemistry.