Using the Theory of Planned Behavior to Anticipate DIY E-juice Mixing among Young Adult International E-cigarette Users.

Background: Trends in young adult use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) and experimentation with do-it-yourself (DIY) e-juice mixing are growing around the world. Theoretical frameworks for examining secondary behaviors (i.e.

Policy-relevant differences between secondhand and thirdhand smoke: strengthening protections from involuntary exposure to tobacco smoke pollutants.

Starting in the 1970s, individuals, businesses and the public have increasingly benefited from policies prohibiting smoking indoors, saving thousands of lives and billions of dollars in healthcare expenditures. Smokefree policies to protect against secondhand smoke exposure, however, do not fully protect the public from the persistent and toxic chemical residues from tobacco smoke (also known as thirdhand smoke) that linger in indoor environments for years after smoking stops. Nor do these policies address the economic costs that individuals, businesses and the public bear in their attempts to remediate this toxic residue.

Communicative Processes Underlying DIY eJuice Mixing Among Young Adult International ENDS Users.

The use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) is increasing around the world, with contemporary trends outpacing scientific understanding of the health implications. Such trends include do-it-yourself eJuice mixing (DIY eJuice), which involves the unregulated homemade mixing of fogging agents, nicotine salts, and flavorants to create personalized liquid for ENDS products. The purpose of this study was to employ a grounded theory approach to gather formative data on the communicative processes surrounding the behavior of DIY eJuice mixing among international, young adult ENDS users.

Evaluation of a Social Media Campaign Designed to Increase Awareness of Thirdhand Smoke among California Adults.

Despite a growing body of research outlining the harms of thirdhand smoke (THS), the public remains generally unaware of risks and exposure routes. This project built on past tobacco prevention campaigns and the tenants of McGuire's input-output model to implement and evaluate a seven-month Facebook-disseminated campaign seeking to improve THS awareness among California adults ( = 1087). Multilinear regression showed that THS-related knowledge ([6] = 19.

We Post It, U Reddit: Exploring the Potential of Reddit for Health Interventions Targeting College Populations.

Reddit is an anonymous social media platform that allows users to create, modify, share, and discuss content. While this platform is widely used by mainstream audiences, little research exists on how Redditors respond to health information when it appears in general, non-health specific forums called subreddits. Guided by media system dependency theory, the purpose of this study was to anonymously intervene on college subreddits to explore how Redditors interacted with messages about smoke-free policy compliance.

Thirdhand Smoke Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavior: Development of Reliable and Valid Self-report Measures.

Introduction: This study sought to provide essential tobacco control tools by testing the reliability and validity of new self-report scales developed to assess thirdhand smoke (THS) (ie, toxic tobacco residue) related knowledge, attitudes, and behavior (KAB).

Aims And Methods: Items for the KAB scales were adapted from established secondhand smoke (SHS) measures, reviewed to support face validity, and tested in a longitudinal online survey evaluating THS health messages. Participants were California adults at risk of THS exposure.

Remediating Thirdhand Smoke Pollution in Multiunit Housing: Temporary Reductions and the Challenges of Persistent Reservoirs.

Introduction: Toxic tobacco smoke residue, also known as thirdhand smoke (THS), can persist in indoor environments long after tobacco has been smoked. This study examined the effects of different cleaning methods on nicotine in dust and on surfaces.

Aims And Methods: Participants had strict indoor home smoking bans and were randomly assigned to: dry/damp cleaning followed by wet cleaning 1 month later (N = 10), wet cleaning followed by dry/damp cleaning (N = 10) 1 month later, and dry/damp and wet cleaning applied the same day (N = 28).

Persistent tobacco smoke residue in multiunit housing: Legacy of permissive indoor smoking policies and challenges in the implementation of smoking bans.

Secondhand smoke (SHS) is a common indoor pollutant in multiunit housing (MUH). It is also the precursor of thirdhand smoke (THS), the toxic mixture of tobacco smoke residue that accumulates in indoor environments where tobacco has been used. This study examined the levels, distribution, and factors associated with THS pollution in low-income MUH.

#Selfharm on #Instagram: Examining User Awareness and Use of Instagram's Self-harm Reporting Tool.

Self-harm-related posts on social media are a growing public health concern. To address the high rate of self-harm posts on their platform, Instagram introduced (in 2016) a tool for users to anonymously report posts that suggest engagement in, or support for, self-harm. Grounded in diffusion of innovation and the theory of planned behavior, the purpose of this study was to evaluate awareness of, and intention to use, the self-harm reporting tool among Instagram users.

I Sought It, I Reddit: Examining Health Information Engagement Behaviors among Reddit Users.

Given the wide use of social media, these platforms have become important channels for understanding health-related information engagement processes. Reddit is a social media platform dedicated to user-generated content and discourse around the world. However, little research exists regarding use of the platform.

Using the Theory of Planned Behavior to Guide Focus Group Development of Messages Aimed at Increasing Compliance With a Tobacco-Free Policy.

Purpose: This study details the persuasive message development for a theory-based campaign designed to increase compliance with a university's tobacco-free policy.

Approach: The theory of planned behavior (TPB) guided message design and evaluation for focus group-tested messages that were adapted to the context of complying with a tobacco-free policy.

Setting: The study was conducted at a university located in the tobacco belt.

Tobacco-Free Policy Compliance Behaviors among College Students: A Theory of Planned Behavior Perspective.

The purpose of this study was to examine the theory of planned behavior (TPB) as a framework for understanding tobacco-free policy compliance behaviors. Undergraduate student smokers (n = 479) on a college campus with a tobacco-free policy were randomly selected to report their tobacco-free compliance behaviors and respond to TPB items. A path analysis found all constructs of the TPB model to be significantly related to tobacco-free policy compliance behaviors.

Social Media Campaign Effects: Moderating Role of Social Capital in an Anti-Smoking Campaign.

This study examined the effects of an anti-smoking campaign that employs a crowdsourcing method with a social networking service. Drawing upon social capital scholarship and the expression effect research paradigm in eHealth systems, the study also investigated the roles of social trust and community life satisfaction in the social media campaign that has a specific geographical boundary. To that end, we conducted an experiment using a two-group pretest-posttest design.

Communication, Reasoning, and Planned Behaviors: Unveiling the Effect of Interactive Communication in an Anti-Smoking Social Media Campaign.

This study examines direct and indirect effects of interactive communication in an antismoking social media campaign. To that end, we pose a multitheoretical framework that integrates communication mediation models and the Theory of Planned Behavior. To test the theorized model, we conducted an experiment using a two-group pretest-posttest design.

Lay Epistemology of Breast Cancer Screening Guidelines Among Appalachian Women.

Recent changes to the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force guidelines for breast cancer screening have contributed to increased patient uncertainty regarding the timing and appropriateness of screening behaviors.

Rural Print Media and a Tailored Advocacy Intervention for Smoke-Free Policy.

Purpose: To examine frequency, prominence, and content of local print media after a 4-year policy advocacy intervention.

Design: This was a controlled community-based trial.

Setting: The study took place in 39 rural counties (22 intervention, 17 comparison).

Navigating the thin-ideal in an athletic world: influence of coach communication on female athletes' body image and health choices.

This study sought to investigate how interpersonal communication between coaches and female athletes influences the female athletes' perceptions of body image and health choices. Much of the current literature has focused on the fact that female athletes are at risk for disordered eating and a distorted body image due to susceptibility to the feminine "thin-ideal" while maintaining the fitness levels necessary to compete in their sport. However, very little research has examined how interpersonal interaction plays a role in female athletes' body image perceptions and health behaviors.

Creating Effective Media Messaging for Rural Smoke-free Policy.

Objectives: Objectives were to (1) explore perceived effectiveness of existing smoke-free print advertisements in rural communities and (2) generate message content, characteristics, and media delivery channels that resonate with residents.

Design And Sample: Qualitative methods design. Thirty-nine rural adults recruited by community partners.

Outdoor tobacco smoke exposure at the perimeter of a tobacco-free university.

There are few studies measuring exposure to outdoor tobacco smoke (OTS). Tobacco users often gather at the boundaries of tobacco-free campuses, resulting in unintended consequences. The objective of this study was to measure exposure levels from OTS on sidewalks bordering a tobacco-free university campus.

Culturally-specific smoking cessation outreach in a rural community.

Objective: Tobacco use is the leading preventable cause of death, resulting in 443,000 US deaths per year. Rural adults have higher smoking prevalence and less access to tobacco dependence treatment than their urban counterparts. This study examined exposure to a culturally specific smoking cessation outreach intervention, assessing whether exposure was associated with cessation behaviors.

Smoke-free coalition cohesiveness in rural tobacco-growing communities.

Promoting tobacco control policies in rural tobacco-growing communities presents unique challenges. The purpose of this study was to assess smoke-free coalition cohesiveness in rural communities and identify coalition members' perceived barriers or divisive issues that impede the development of smoke-free policies. A secondary aim was to evaluate differences in coalition cohesiveness between advocates in communities receiving stage-based, tailored policy advocacy assistance versus those without assistance.

The three Ts of adopting tobacco-free policies on college campuses.

This article describes a 3-pronged compliance strategy to implement a tobacco-free campus policy at 1 large, land grant public university in the South, and evaluates its impact on outcomes and costs. Although there has been a recent wave of tobacco-free colleges, policy restrictiveness and implementation vary, and compliance remains a challenge. The 3 Ts strategy (Tell-Treat-Train) involves regular, consistent communications, access to tobacco treatment medications and counseling, and ongoing training of supervisors and student leaders.

An evidence-based cessation strategy using rural smokers' experiences with tobacco.

Little is known about the most effective strategies to motivate rural smokers to quit. This article describes the personal narratives of current and former smokers living in an economically distressed, rural area of Appalachian Kentucky. Three categories emerged: personal motivators to quit smoking, external influences, pride of place.