The Impact of Gender, Ethnicity, and the COVID-19 Pandemic on Organ Donation Intentions Over 50 Years in New Zealand.

Aim: To identify the demographics and trends of individuals intending to donate their organs, based on intentions at the time of driver's license registration.

Methods: Data were collected from 4 742 475 individuals first registering for a New Zealand (NZ) driver's license, between January 1, 1974, and November 16, 2023, with positive or negative organ donor intentions recorded. Gender, ethnicity, and year of registration were collected.

The Role of Ageing in the Clinical Presentation of Uveitis.

Purpose: The primary aim of this study was to determine age-related patterns of uveitis entities. Secondary aims included age-related patterns of uveitic treatments and complications.

Design: Retrospective clinical cohort study Methods: 4,395 participants presenting with uveitis to a single center from January 2009 to December 2023 were included.

Impact of microorganism virulence on endophthalmitis outcomes.

Aims: To determine the impact of microorganism virulence on visual outcomes in endophthalmitis.

Methods: Retrospective, multicentre cohort study of patients presenting with endophthalmitis between 2006 and 2021. A literature review was conducted to divide cultured microorganisms into low and high virulence subcategories.

Visual outcomes and prognostic factors in ischaemic retinal vasculitis.

Purpose: Our aim was to describe the visual outcomes and determine the clinical factors in ischaemic retinal vasculitis (IRV) that were predictive of a poor visual prognosis or infectious aetiology.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study of consecutive presentations of IRV to Auckland District Health Board from 2009 to 2022.

Results: The median age at presentation was 39.

Ocular manifestations of COVID-19.

There is an increasing body of knowledge regarding how COVID-19 may be associated with ocular disease of varying severity and duration. This article discusses the literature on the ocular manifestations associated with COVID-19, including appraisal of the current evidence, suggested mechanisms of action, associated comorbidities and risk factors, timing from initial infection to diagnosis and clinical red flags. The current literature primarily comprises case reports and case series which inevitably lack control groups and evidence to support causality.

Trends in Corneal Donation From 2013 to 2022 in Aotearoa-New Zealand: Impact of Donor Age, Gender, Ethnicity, and COVID-19.

Purpose: To evaluate corneal donation demographics in New Zealand (NZ) and explore changes over time.

Methods: Data were collected from all donated corneas processed by the New Zealand National Eye Bank over a 10-year period from January 2013 until December 2022. Demographic data including age, self-identified ethnicity, and gender were collected, along with location and cause of death.

Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus Recurrence: Risk Factors and Long-Term Clinical Outcomes.

Purpose: To examine the frequency of recurrences, risk factors, and long-term clinical outcomes in subjects with herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO).

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Methods: All subjects with acute HZO seen at a single center from 2006 to 2016 were included in the study.

Risk of Recurrence in Acute Anterior Uveitis.

Purpose: To examine the frequency of recurrence and identify risk factors for recurrence in patients with acute anterior uveitis (AAU).

Design: Retrospective cohort study from a single tertiary ophthalmic clinical center.

Participants: All subjects with AAU identified from a database of Inflammatory Eye Disease presenting to Te Whatu Ora (Auckland, New Zealand) between 2008 and 2021.

Uveitis and Scleritis as a Risk Factor for Mortality.

Purpose: Uveitis and scleritis may be caused by local or systemic infection, or associated with noninfectious systemic inflammatory autoimmune disease. This study explored the all-cause mortality following an individual's first presentation with uveitis/scleritis.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on all uveitis/scleritis patients diagnosed by uveitis specialists and treated in a single tertiary referral center in New Zealand between 2006 and 2020(15y).

Etiology of hypopyon in patients presenting acutely to the emergency eye department and characteristics of hypopyon uveitis.

Objective: To examine the etiology of undifferentiated hypopyon presenting acutely and to better characterize hypopyon uveitis.

Methods: Patients with hypopyon were retrospectively identified from presentations to the emergency eye department between January 2015 and 2022 and also from a uveitis database of 3,925 patients seen between January 2008 and January 2022. A total of 426 episodes of hypopyon occurred in 375 eyes in 359 patients, and medical records were reviewed for each patient.

Punctate Inner Choroidopathy (PIC) disease recurrence with inflammatory choroidal neovascular membrane (iCNVM) post-COVID-19 vaccine.

Purpose: To report a recurrence of punctate inner choroidopathy (PIC) with an inflammatory choroidal neovascular membrane (iCNVM) after the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine.

Methods: Case report.

Results: A 38-year-old female with a history of myopia and previous episodes of PIC and iCNVM presented with distorted vision in her right eye, seven days after receiving the first dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine.

Uveitic Macular Edema: Clinical Outcomes in Real-World Practice.

Purpose: To examine the real-world management and outcomes of uveitic cystoid macular oedema (CME).

Design: Retrospective study.

Methods: Patients with uveitic CME were identified from the Inflammatory Eye Disease database.

Management of Scleritis in Older Adults.

Scleritis, an inflammatory disease of the eye affecting scleral tissue, presents unique challenges in the older adult population. Unlike their younger counterparts, older individuals manifest a distinct spectrum of the disease with different underlying etiologies, co-morbidities, altered immune function, and an increased risk of systemic side effects from medication choices. Addressing these complexities necessitates a comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach.

Insights into the diagnosis and management of sarcoid uveitis: A review.

Sarcoidosis is a leading cause of non-infectious uveitis that commonly affects middle-aged individuals and has a female preponderance. The disease demonstrates age, sex and ethnic differences in clinical manifestations. A diagnosis of sarcoidosis is made based on a compatible clinical presentation, supporting investigations and histologic evidence of non-caseating granulomas, although biopsy is not always possible.

Mechanisms of blood-retinal barrier disruption related to intraocular inflammation and malignancy.

Blood-retinal barrier (BRB) disruption is a common accompaniment of intermediate, posterior and panuveitis causing leakage into the retina and macular oedema resulting in vision loss. It is much less common in anterior uveitis or in patients with intraocular lymphoma who may have marked signs of intraocular inflammation. New drugs used for chemotherapy (cytarabine, immune checkpoint inhibitors, BRAF inhibitors, EGFR inhibitors, bispecific anti-EGFR inhibitors, MET receptor inhibitors and Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors) can also cause different types of uveitis and BRB disruption.

Epiretinal membrane in uveitis: Rate, visual prognosis, complications and surgical outcomes.

Background: Epiretinal membrane (ERM) is a common finding in patients with uveitis that contributes to visual impairment. We describe the long-term visual acuity (VA) and morphometric progression in patients with uveitis and epiretinal membrane (ERM).

Methods: Retrospective cohort study of patients with uveitic ERM from a tertiary centre database.

The spectrum of paediatric uveitis in New Zealand.

Aims: To describe the aetiology, complications, treatment and outcomes of paediatric uveitis.

Methods: This was a retrospective chart review including all paediatric participants presenting with uveitis to a tertiary referral hospital in Auckland, New Zealand between January 1997 and March 2020.

Results: Two hundred and twenty-four eyes of 143 participants were included.

Role of Antimicrobial Resistance in Outcomes of Acute Endophthalmitis.

Background: This study explores local trends in antimicrobial resistance and its influence on long-term visual outcomes following treatment with broad-spectrum empiric intravitreal antibiotics.

Methods: All patients undergoing intraocular sampling for endophthalmitis from Auckland between January 2006-May 2023 were included. The impact of antimicrobial resistance on the final visual outcome was analysed using logistic regression models.