Management in children of mild postnatal renal dilatation but without vesicoureteral reflux.

Infants with mild postnatal renal dilatation but without vesicoureteral reflux pose a challenge. For how long and in what way should they be followed? From May 1989 to December 2006, we prospectively followed 1,795 pregnancies in which the foetal renal pelvis measured 4 mm or greater. Voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) and renal ultrasound were performed on 1,315 infants at 6 weeks of age.

Sonographic appearances of the endometrium after termination of pregnancy in asymptomatic versus symptomatic women.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe normal sonographic appearances of the endometrium in asymptomatic women after elective termination of pregnancy (TOP) and to determine whether sonographic findings are discriminatory in symptomatic women after TOP.

Methods: Sonographic parameters were compared in prospectively recruited women after elective TOP. The first 38 were asymptomatic.

Prenatal diagnosis of neurofibromatosis type 1: sonographic and MRI findings.

Prenatal ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated a large oropharyngeal tumor, and cardiac and cranial abnormalities consistent with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) in a third-trimester fetus, which were confirmed on postmortem examination. Sonographic features of NF1 are generally nonspecific; MR examination provided significant additional information, facilitating prenatal diagnosis.

Prenatal assignation of lesion levels in neural tube defects by using ultrasonography. Case report and review of the literature.

Myelomeningoceles are routinely diagnosed prenatally by using ultrasonography. Because the level of the neural defect has been shown to correlate with functional and cognitive outcome in infants with myelomeningocele, it is of prognostic importance to identify the level prenatally. The authors report on a case in which the postnatal vertebral level of the myelomeningocele was more rostral than expected based on prenatal imaging.

Comparison of echo-enhanced ultrasound with fluoroscopic MCU for the detection of vesicoureteral reflux in neonates.

Background: Fluoroscopic micturating cystourethrography (MCU) is used for screening and grading of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). It involves ionizing radiation. This study was designed to assess the efficacy of contrast-enhanced sonography in predicting the presence or absence of VUR.